Submesoscale Eddy-induced Nutrient Upwelling in the Upstream Kuroshio Current Forms Ecological Hotspot

Submesoscale Eddy-induced Nutrient Upwelling in the Upstream Kuroshio Current Forms Ecological Hotspot | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Submesoscale Eddy-induced Nutrient Upwelling in the Upstream Kuroshio Current Forms Ecological Hotspot Gloria Duran Gomez, Takeyoshi Nagai This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827889/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract While the Kuroshio, a western boundary current in the North Pacific, transports a large amount of nutrients in dark subsurface layers, it has been unclear whether these subsurface nutrients are supplied to continental shelves along southern coast of Japan. Recent observations revealed that the upstream Kuroshio flowing through rough topography forms a large-scale turbulence hotspot that may supply nutrients to sunlit surface layers. However, the Kuroshio-Island interaction in this region may also induce eddies and nutrient upwelling which have neither been observed directory nor quantified. Here, through high-resolution in-situ observations, we show submesoscale ~10 km nutrient structures along isopycnals, suggestive of eddy-induced upwelling. High-resolution simulations reproduce these features generated by submesoscale cyclonic eddy-induced nitrate upwelling at O(10 mmol m-2day-1), accounting ~9% of net primary production in the area 400 km downstream. Submesoscale eddies in the upstream Kuroshio partly explain how the Kuroshio sustains high biodiversity and biological production. Earth and environmental sciences/Ocean sciences/Physical oceanography Earth and environmental sciences/Climate sciences/Ocean sciences Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Supplementary Files SubEddyYakuCommEarthSI.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4827889","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":339136848,"identity":"b0e0bdbd-abc9-486f-8690-cb515dbf76a5","order_by":0,"name":"Gloria Duran Gomez","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABCElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZuYGEMXYwN7Y+PhHBUIEjxZGqBaew4eNGc4gRPAAmBaJtDRpxjaECE4g387YJvFzh53sfIccM+nCebXR/O1ALT8qtuHUYnCYsU2y90yy8cYDZ4ytZ247njvjMGMDY8+Z27i1MDM2G/C2MSdubOwxvMG77VhuA1ALM2Mbbi3yzYzNhn/b6hM3NvMYSPDOOZY7n5AWhsOMjY952w4nzmdjS5LmbajJ3UBIiwFIi2zbceMNPMyHDWccO5C7EajlID6/yPcfPnDwbVu17Pz5DxsffKipy513/vDBBz8q8DgMbt0BiDvB5AHC6kHWNYCpOqIUj4JRMApGwcgCAIIwYnrXVNeKAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2115-2264","institution":"Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gloria","middleName":"Duran","lastName":"Gomez","suffix":""},{"id":339136849,"identity":"4cfb0f2c-3d8c-4b25-bb56-87ea4bc9f084","order_by":1,"name":"Takeyoshi Nagai","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6400-878X","institution":"Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Takeyoshi","middleName":"","lastName":"Nagai","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-07-30 10:21:14","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827889/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827889/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":68019779,"identity":"a5ff63ba-6d20-4c1a-94f5-8a9a52da2362","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-11-01 11:49:08","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1356591,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File (line numbers)","description":"","filename":"SubEddyYakuCommEarthLines.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4827889/v1_covered_6d9fabe4-fcf0-4f83-81c6-dd2acb719a56.pdf"},{"id":64155412,"identity":"a1ce9d3b-2807-4008-a76f-0c504fd26f86","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-09-09 04:46:50","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"supplement","size":15587236,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"SubEddyYakuCommEarthSI.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4827889/v1/7187608f3499456522a9b468.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Submesoscale Eddy-induced Nutrient Upwelling in the Upstream Kuroshio Current Forms Ecological Hotspot","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827889/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4827889/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"While the Kuroshio, a western boundary current in the North Pacific, transports a large amount of nutrients in dark subsurface layers, it has been unclear whether these subsurface nutrients are supplied to continental shelves along southern coast of Japan. 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