Involvement of 5’ and 3’ UTRs on SARS-CoV-2 Genome Packaging

2024 · doi:10.1101/2024.09.19.611578
preprint OA: closed CC-BY-4.0
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This paper investigates how SARS-CoV-2 packaging signals within the viral genome interact with the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) to regulate genome packaging. Using proximity ligation data and additional supporting assays, the authors show direct interactions between the UTRs and the PS9 element, and report that including the UTRs increases packaging efficiency of infectious virus-like particles while recruiting more nucleocapsid protein, consistent with enhanced genome compaction. A key limitation is that the work focuses on PS-UTR regulation assessed in the context of virus-like particle packaging rather than full in vivo viral replication. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, packages its large single-stranded RNA genome through a precise yet enigmatic mechanism. A packaging signal (PS) within its genome was proposed to facilitate the assembly of new viral particles. Here in this study, we report the role of the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) in PS-mediated genome packaging. Utilizing proximity ligation data, we demonstrate direct interactions between the UTRs and the PS9 element, a key packaging signal within the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Multiple evidence confirmed that the presence of UTRs enhance the packaging efficiency of infectious virus-like particles (iVLPs) and recruits more nucleocapsid (N) protein, suggesting a critical role in genome compaction and packaging. These insights into the regulatory mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 genome packaging provide novel targets for antiviral therapeutics and contribute to the broader understanding of coronavirus assembly.
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Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 virus, responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, packages its large single-stranded RNA genome through a precise yet enigmatic mechanism. A packaging signal (PS) within its genome was proposed to facilitate the assembly of new viral particles. Here in this study, we report the role of the 5’ and 3’ untranslated regions (UTRs) in PS-mediated genome packaging. Utilizing proximity ligation data, we demonstrate direct interactions between the UTRs and the PS9 element, a key packaging signal within the SARS-CoV-2 genome. Multiple evidence confirmed that the presence of UTRs enhance the packaging efficiency of infectious virus-like particles (iVLPs) and recruits more nucleocapsid (N) protein, suggesting a critical role in genome compaction and packaging. These insights into the regulatory mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 genome packaging provide novel targets for antiviral therapeutics and contribute to the broader understanding of coronavirus assembly. Competing Interest Statement The authors have declared no competing interest. Footnotes Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.

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License: CC-BY-4.0