Following the Path of QPPs: Solar Flare Oscillations from the Corona through the Heliosphere to Earth's Ionosphere

Following the Path of QPPs: Solar Flare Oscillations from the Corona through the Heliosphere to Earth's Ionosphere | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Following the Path of QPPs: Solar Flare Oscillations from the Corona through the Heliosphere to Earth's Ionosphere Hasret Atasoy, Beste Begicarslan, Zahide Funda Bostanci, Pietro Zucca, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7556933/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted 4 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are a common feature in solar flare emissions, yet their physical origins remain debated. In this study, we conduct a comprehensive multi-wavelength analysis of QPPs in sixteen solar flares (one X-class and fifteen M-class) observed during Solar Cycle 25. We utilize data from GOES/XRS (soft X-ray), \textit{Fermi}/GBM (soft and hard X-ray), LOFAR (radio), and VLF/SID (ionospheric disturbances) to systematically characterize QPPs across thermal and non-thermal energy ranges. Fast-varying oscillatory components are extracted from flare light curves using detrending techniques, and periods are identified via wavelet analysis. We investigate the temporal and spectral relationships between QPPs at different wavelengths, including their association with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and various radio burst types. Our results reveal that QPPs typically exhibit multiple periods, with dominant periodicities in the 40–70 s range, and show strong correlations ($\ge$~0.5) between thermal and non-thermal emissions in the impulsive phase of flares. The timing analysis indicates that X-ray QPPs generally precede radio signatures, suggesting a causal link through electron acceleration and magnetic reconnection processes. Additionally, we find that QPPs are frequently observed in both soft and hard X-rays and at radio wavelengths, and that their occurrence is often accompanied by CMEs and sudden ionospheric disturbances. These findings support the interpretation that QPPs are driven by periodic dynamics of non-thermal electron injection, modulated by magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) wave modes and magnetic reconnection. This multi-instrument approach provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying QPPs and their impact on the near-Earth environment. Solar flares Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) Multi-wavelength observations Magnetic reconnection Ionospheric disturbances Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Revision Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 03 Nov, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 09 Sep, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Sep, 2025 First submitted to journal 07 Sep, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7556933","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":539329352,"identity":"026c4d3c-c09c-4852-94c0-7322c25e3532","order_by":0,"name":"Hasret Atasoy","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Istanbul University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Hasret","middleName":"","lastName":"Atasoy","suffix":""},{"id":539329354,"identity":"ea02ae35-ebe6-4c12-b091-d6f2eefb4c82","order_by":1,"name":"Beste Begicarslan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Istanbul University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Beste","middleName":"","lastName":"Begicarslan","suffix":""},{"id":539329356,"identity":"fe9e9b78-764d-4c8d-81fb-f6a9a1a803ce","order_by":2,"name":"Zahide Funda Bostanci","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABG0lEQVRIie3SMWvCQBQH8AeBZHnF9YWIfoWTgK1Umq/SEuh0LekijoJgl3yAOvkV6tKpwxXBLmJXSzsIhUxZupQMDr132MlT1w73X+5/Bz9echyAi8s/TDAAIAC13You8uIBnOnl0kpQ/RHfkGvk4plDJuoogRkcJ3Tzsqrgs9GcDIt1lb3VuXzdjQhqgRTe97OF3KadHIpYzP3TVi4+kEs81iTMSwGq2CEJyTYhzK4efWhHwITLiSZiJTXZ/TLUJNxoMhkFP5osscmFSXKARDxlMEeeohC4mCm0h2AZn9cF/4vshblIkUv0sCSkRZGphYUEsvVe9vWNDV+fqNpcJFyirNdt1O7T6bpvuWUTYTkzz2AfcHFxcXE5nF/7EmGyqm+lQgAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Istanbul University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Zahide","middleName":"Funda","lastName":"Bostanci","suffix":""},{"id":539329361,"identity":"96309473-0c95-4c1a-9461-5c5eafd952f9","order_by":3,"name":"Pietro Zucca","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"ASTRON","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Pietro","middleName":"","lastName":"Zucca","suffix":""},{"id":539329363,"identity":"1bba29c8-00e2-4f7b-ae2a-d473285b54c7","order_by":4,"name":"Gillian Pearce","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Aston University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gillian","middleName":"","lastName":"Pearce","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-09-07 14:38:10","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7556933/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7556933/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":96251300,"identity":"f889a19c-2909-457c-ae4c-2bee435e8cfc","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-11-19 07:39:37","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":21997614,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"AtasoyH2025.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-7556933/v1_covered_89241ae2-ba4c-487b-bb32-4cfc56ca5220.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Following the Path of QPPs: Solar Flare Oscillations from the Corona through the Heliosphere to Earth's Ionosphere","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"solar-physics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"sola","sideBox":"Learn more about [Solar Physics](http://link.springer.com/journal/11207)","snPcode":"11207","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11207/3","title":"Solar Physics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Solar flares, Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs), Multi-wavelength observations, Magnetic reconnection, Ionospheric disturbances","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7556933/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-7556933/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are a common feature in solar flare emissions, yet their physical origins remain debated. 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