Monitoring the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by laser speckle imaging: a prospective clinical study

Monitoring the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by laser speckle imaging: a prospective clinical study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Monitoring the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by laser speckle imaging: a prospective clinical study Xiaolong Ye, Huizhong Tian, Yuan Ma This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6383328/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in European Journal of Medical Research → Version 1 posted 11 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its potential impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by using laser speckle imaging technology, and to monitor the changes of vertebral artery flow velocity and resistance index before and after operation by using color Doppler ultrasound technology, so as to preliminarily explore the correlation between vertebral artery and spinal cord vascular hemodynamic changes, and to explore the safety limit of osteotomy shortening. Methods: The volunteers were divided into group A and group B according to their needs. Group A included 8 patients with spinal deformity who underwent vertebral artery ultrasound examination before and after spinal deformity correction surgery. Group B also included 8 patients with spinal deformity who underwent spinal osteotomy and 1/3 and 1/2 shortening of the spine, and 5 patients underwent 1/3 spinal distraction. Intraoperative laser speckle imaging system was used to monitor the changes of spinal cord blood perfusion and vascular diameter in real time, and the spinal cord function was evaluated with the help of neurophysiological monitoring; All patients in the study received SRS-22 and ODI scores before and after surgery; Rstudio software was used for statistical analysis. Results: In group A, the postoperative vertebral artery flow velocity of 8 patients increased to varying degrees compared with that before operation, and the resistance index decreased or leveled to varying degrees, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In group B, the SCBF of the left and right spinal arteries decreased to varying degrees after traction, and the diameter of spinal artery increased gradually with the increase of traction degree; In group B, the SCBF of the left and right spinal artery increased first and then decreased after osteotomy and 1/3 and 1/2 spinal shortening, and the diameter of spinal artery gradually increased with the increase of shortening degree, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The SRS -22 scale and ODI scores of all patients before and after operation were significantly different (P<0.05). Further analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the SCBF of bilateral spinal artery and the diameter of bilateral spinal artery before and after 1/3 spinal distraction and 1/3 spinal shortening (P<0.05); There were correlations between bilateral vertebral artery resistance index and flow velocity, SCBF and ODI scores, bilateral spinal artery diameter and bilateral vertebral artery resistance index before and after operation (P<0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between the SCBF of bilateral spinal cord blood vessels and the diameter of bilateral spinal cord blood vessels when the spine was shortened by 1/3 to 1/2 (P>0.05). During the whole operation, no abnormality was found in the electrophysiological monitoring. Conclusion: In the process of spinal traction and shortening, the diameter of spinal cord blood vessels decreased and gradually increased. The pulling operation will lead to the decrease of SCBF, while the shortening operation will make the SCBF increase first and then decrease. Before and after operation, there were significant correlations between the resistance index and flow velocity of bilateral vertebral artery, SCBF and ODI scores, and the diameter of bilateral spinal artery and the resistance index of bilateral vertebral artery. When the degree of spinal shortening was controlled within the range of no more than 1/3, the changes of SCBF were positively correlated with the increase of spinal vascular diameter in both traction and shortening operations. When the degree of shortening is limited to no more than 1/2, this range can be regarded as the safety threshold of osteotomy shortening. Laser speckle contrast imaging Color Doppler Ultrasonography Spinal Traction Spinal shortening Spinal cord blood flow Spinal cord blood vessel diameter Resistance Index SRS-22 Questionnaire Score Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 27 Oct, 2025 Read the published version in European Journal of Medical Research → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 04 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 27 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 23 May, 2025 Reviews received at journal 20 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 07 May, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Apr, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 28 Apr, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 10 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 09 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 05 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6383328","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":449320164,"identity":"32aff82f-6f17-458b-95ff-68389ff15a8a","order_by":0,"name":"Xiaolong Ye","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Xinjiang Medical University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xiaolong","middleName":"","lastName":"Ye","suffix":""},{"id":449320166,"identity":"ce73021d-6c34-429a-b958-a4954bc857ce","order_by":1,"name":"Huizhong Tian","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical 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speckle imaging: a prospective clinical study","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"european-journal-of-medical-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ejmr","sideBox":"Learn more about [European Journal of Medical Research](http://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com)","snPcode":"40001","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40001/3","title":"European Journal of Medical Research","twitterHandle":"@BioMedCentral","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Laser speckle contrast imaging, Color Doppler Ultrasonography, Spinal Traction, Spinal shortening, Spinal cord blood flow, Spinal cord blood vessel diameter, Resistance Index, SRS-22 Questionnaire Score","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6383328/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6383328/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective:\u003c/strong\u003e The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its potential impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by using laser speckle imaging technology, and to monitor the changes of vertebral artery flow velocity and resistance index before and after operation by using color Doppler ultrasound technology, so as to preliminarily explore the correlation between vertebral artery and spinal cord vascular hemodynamic changes, and to explore the safety limit of osteotomy shortening.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethods:\u003c/strong\u003e The volunteers were divided into group A and group B according to their needs. Group A included 8 patients with spinal deformity who underwent vertebral artery ultrasound examination before and after spinal deformity correction surgery. Group B also included 8 patients with spinal deformity who underwent spinal osteotomy and 1/3 and 1/2 shortening of the spine, and 5 patients underwent 1/3 spinal distraction. Intraoperative laser speckle imaging system was used to monitor the changes of spinal cord blood perfusion and vascular diameter in real time, and the spinal cord function was evaluated with the help of neurophysiological monitoring; All patients in the study received SRS-22 and ODI scores before and after surgery; Rstudio software was used for statistical analysis.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eResults: \u003c/strong\u003eIn group A, the postoperative vertebral artery flow velocity of 8 patients increased to varying degrees compared with that before operation, and the resistance index decreased or leveled to varying degrees, the difference was statistically significant (P\u0026lt;0.05). In group B, the SCBF of the left and right spinal arteries decreased to varying degrees after traction, and the diameter of spinal artery increased gradually with the increase of traction degree; In group B, the SCBF of the left and right spinal artery increased first and then decreased after osteotomy and 1/3 and 1/2 spinal shortening, and the diameter of spinal artery gradually increased with the increase of shortening degree, the difference was statistically significant (P\u0026lt;0.05). The SRS -22 scale and ODI scores of all patients before and after operation were significantly different (P\u0026lt;0.05). Further analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between the SCBF of bilateral spinal artery and the diameter of bilateral spinal artery before and after 1/3 spinal distraction and 1/3 spinal shortening (P\u0026lt;0.05); There were correlations between bilateral vertebral artery resistance index and flow velocity, SCBF and ODI scores, bilateral spinal artery diameter and bilateral vertebral artery resistance index before and after operation (P\u0026lt;0.05). However, there was no significant correlation between the SCBF of bilateral spinal cord blood vessels and the diameter of bilateral spinal cord blood vessels when the spine was shortened by 1/3 to 1/2 (P\u0026gt;0.05). During the whole operation, no abnormality was found in the electrophysiological monitoring.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConclusion:\u003c/strong\u003e In the process of spinal traction and shortening, the diameter of spinal cord blood vessels decreased and gradually increased. The pulling operation will lead to the decrease of SCBF, while the shortening operation will make the SCBF increase first and then decrease. Before and after operation, there were significant correlations between the resistance index and flow velocity of bilateral vertebral artery, SCBF and ODI scores, and the diameter of bilateral spinal artery and the resistance index of bilateral vertebral artery. When the degree of spinal shortening was controlled within the range of no more than 1/3, the changes of SCBF were positively correlated with the increase of spinal vascular diameter in both traction and shortening operations. When the degree of shortening is limited to no more than 1/2, this range can be regarded as the safety threshold of osteotomy shortening.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Monitoring the changes of spinal artery blood flow (SCBF) and its impact on the safety of spinal cord function during spinal deformity osteotomy by laser speckle imaging: a prospective clinical study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-30 18:43:44","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6383328/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-06-04T15:45:09+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-05-27T22:30:10+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-05-23T06:13:13+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-05-20T17:33:55+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"148722293560379099814720848536633375841","date":"2025-05-08T16:03:04+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"87949378686347102822116882432655815633","date":"2025-05-07T11:25:34+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"263986092977365960472123707084995401041","date":"2025-04-30T22:02:07+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-28T20:31:05+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-04-10T08:12:58+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-04-10T02:40:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"European Journal of Medical Research","date":"2025-04-05T17:24:45+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"european-journal-of-medical-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"ejmr","sideBox":"Learn more about [European Journal of Medical Research](http://eurjmedres.biomedcentral.com)","snPcode":"40001","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/40001/3","title":"European Journal of Medical Research","twitterHandle":"@BioMedCentral","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC/SO AJ","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"dcb2721b-7f49-4c1a-8791-8553f950aa6e","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 30th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-11-03T16:04:03+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6383328","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03291-y","journal":{"identity":"european-journal-of-medical-research","isVorOnly":false,"title":"European Journal of Medical Research"},"publishedOn":"2025-10-27 15:57:22","publishedOnDateReadable":"October 27th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-30 18:43:44","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s40001-025-03291-y","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-025-03291-y","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6383328","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6383328","identity":"rs-6383328","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}