Synovial sarcoma of Female Urethra: A case report and review of the literature

Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare malignant soft tissue sarcoma that originates from primitive mesenchymal cells with epithelial differentiation potential. It is most commonly found in the limbs and trunk，In the urinary system, it is mostly found in the kidneys. However, synovial sarcomas originating from the external urethra are extremely rare. Only one case of synovial sarcoma arising from the vulvar urethral orifice has been reported previously, and we report a second case of synovial sarcoma of the urethral orifice. This study reports a case of an elderly female patient with synovial sarcoma originating from the external urethral orifice. Urethral haemorrhage was noted after activity, with visible carnivorous haematuria. Physical examination revealed a vulvar tumour measuring approximately 3cmx4cm, Combined with the histopathological and immunohistochemical findings, synovial sarcoma was finally considered. In addition, this report reviews the literature from 1966 to the present. A total of 16 vulvar synovial sarcomas were identified and analyzed.