An Endometriosis and Cardiovascular Disease Review: Establishing a Comprehensive Framework for Future Explorations

Endometriosis is one of the most prominent gynecological disorders often associated with several cardiovascular repercussions. Although no conclusive mechanism has been found, the literature indicates potential links between endometriosis and atherosclerosis, a vital indicator of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, with the majority of previous studies overlooking the impact of critical confounding variables and testing for only certain biomarkers, a strong argument towards a link cannot be made.\nExisting literature was thoroughly analyzed to identify major unaccounted confounding variables to compile a list of vital biomarkers indicative of CVD in women with endometriosis. The stage and severity of the disease, surgery, hormone therapy, and presence of endometriosis in the control group were found to be major confounding variables that should be statistically accounted for. From previous literature, biomarkers that were shown to be highly indicative of CVD included lipid profile, arterial stiffness measures, as well as additional measures of vascular function and structure.\nEncapsulating vital confounding variables and biomarkers, a comprehensive framework was established for a longitudinal study design. This paper provides a narrative review of the common weaknesses and limitations of past investigations exploring the link between atherosclerosis and CVD and suggests methods to overcome these considerations.\nDue to knowledge gaps, repercussions are experienced by women with endometriosis worldwide. Greater CVD intervention and prevention are critical for women with endometriosis. Through the holistic longitudinal study design proposed, improved treatment plans considering the potential CVD risks that women with endometriosis are at a greater likelihood of developing can be implemented.