Poly-ADP-ribosylation of KDM4D induces transcription in the hippocampus and amygdala

Abstract Poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) play a significant role in DNA repair of single or double strand breaks and regulate transcription. PARPs also catalyze the Poly-(ADP)-ribosylation (PARylation) of proteins that are involved in the DNA repair and transcriptase machinery. PARP1 induces Poly-(ADP)-ribosylation of the enzyme lysine (K)–specific demethylase 4D (KDM4D) to modify the histone3 for triggering the transcription. The demethylation of H3K9me2 with KDM4D leads to an expression of transcription factors that are involved in the DNA repair. Thus, in addition to the significance of protein PARylation by PARP1 involved in the damaged DNA repair, the PARylation of KDM4D triggers the transcription in the hippocampus and amygdala.