Determinant of Health Professional Participation in Rural Health Extension Service at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital, Makuey District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia

Determinant of Health Professional Participation in Rural Health Extension Service at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital, Makuey District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Determinant of Health Professional Participation in Rural Health Extension Service at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital, Makuey District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia Chuol Bor Chuol, Chayot Gatdet Deng, Kher Deng Tholbok This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7216124/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background Health extension services are vital components of primary healthcare systems in rural and underserved areas where access to medical facilities is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to determine health workers’ participation in rural health extension services in the study area. Methods This study was conducted at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital using a purposive sampling technique. The participants were selected via a stratified sampling method with both primary and secondary data sources. The study used structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and interview guides for data collection. Data were analyzed via frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation as descriptive statistics. The chi-square test and independent sample t test were used to examine the relationships between health professional participation and the independent variables as inferential statistics. In addition, a binary logit model was used to analyze the factors influencing the participation of health workers via an econometric model. Results This study identified the major challenges that hinder health worker participation, such as a shortage of skilled workers (20.7%), inadequate infrastructure (16.1%), limited access to medical equipment and supplies (16.1%), low financial incentives (13.8%), and weak support and supervision (12.6%). The results of the binary logistic regression revealed a significant and positive influence of education level (p = 0.001), training received (p = 0.070), and professional cadres (p = 0.010), whereas workload was significant and negatively influenced health workers’ participation in rural health extension services (p = 0.033). Conclusion This study highlights the major challenges facing the involvement of health workers in rural health extension services, including shortages of skilled personnel, inadequate infrastructure, limited availability of basic medical equipment and supplies, absence of financial incentives, and inadequate support and supervision systems. The binary analysis results indicated that education level, relevant training, and professional cadre significantly and positively influenced participation. In contrast, an increased workload had a significant negative effect on health worker participation. These insights underscore the need for targeted interventions that address both systemic and individual-level barriers to enhance health professionals’ engagement in rural health programs. Health professional participation Rural health extension services Nyinenyang primary hospital Makuey district Gambella region Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Supplementary Files OnlyQuestionaireFGDsandInterviewasaSuplementaryFile.pdf Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Oct, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 30 Sep, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 24 Sep, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 19 Sep, 2025 Editor invited by journal 22 Aug, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 18 Aug, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 15 Aug, 2025 First submitted to journal 15 Aug, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7216124","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":521987697,"identity":"4c552fa8-6d17-464f-8933-51f338c51e2d","order_by":0,"name":"Chuol Bor 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Therefore, this study aimed to determine health workers\u0026rsquo; participation in rural health extension services in the study area.\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eMethods\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study was conducted at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital using a purposive sampling technique. The participants were selected via a stratified sampling method with both primary and secondary data sources. The study used structured questionnaires, focus group discussions, and interview guides for data collection. Data were analyzed via frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation as descriptive statistics. The chi-square test and independent sample t test were used to examine the relationships between health professional participation and the independent variables as inferential statistics. 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The results of the binary logistic regression revealed a significant and positive influence of education level (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.001), training received (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.070), and professional cadres (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.010), whereas workload was significant and negatively influenced health workers\u0026rsquo; participation in rural health extension services (p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.033).\u003c/p\u003e\u003ch2\u003eConclusion\u003c/h2\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis study highlights the major challenges facing the involvement of health workers in rural health extension services, including shortages of skilled personnel, inadequate infrastructure, limited availability of basic medical equipment and supplies, absence of financial incentives, and inadequate support and supervision systems. The binary analysis results indicated that education level, relevant training, and professional cadre significantly and positively influenced participation. In contrast, an increased workload had a significant negative effect on health worker participation. These insights underscore the need for targeted interventions that address both systemic and individual-level barriers to enhance health professionals\u0026rsquo; engagement in rural health programs.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Determinant of Health Professional Participation in Rural Health Extension Service at Nyinenyang Primary Hospital, Makuey District, Gambella Region, Ethiopia","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-09-30 16:58:47","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-7216124/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"218974511994622058397832777798364783549","date":"2025-10-02T07:22:30+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"337949900231748732051134179508126792569","date":"2025-09-30T17:56:06+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"191680551657931747018445366960121140668","date":"2025-09-24T09:31:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-09-19T05:43:46+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-08-22T14:48:40+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-08-18T10:30:50+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-08-15T16:28:19+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Health Services Research","date":"2025-08-15T16:24:40+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-health-services-research","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"bhsr","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Health Services Research](http://bmchealthservres.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/BHSR/default.aspx","title":"BMC Health Services Research","twitterHandle":"BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"bcfe6051-4b08-4fa9-9e8d-2f788d080cde","owner":[],"postedDate":"September 30th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-09-30T16:58:47+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-09-30 16:58:47","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-7216124","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-7216124","identity":"rs-7216124","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}