Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen?

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Smoking may also increase the risk of developing ACS. The most advantageous therapy is percutaneous coronary intervention. However, this therapy may fail because of the no-reflow phenomenon. This case report describes a young male patient admitted to the emergency department due to ST-segment elevation of myocardial infarction (STEMI), with smoking as the only risk factor. Case description A 37-year-old male presented to our hospital with a typical chest pain. He was a heavy smoker. Electrocardiography (ECG) revealed extensive anterior STEMI. Coronary angiography revealed total occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) with a high-burden thrombus. The no-reflow phenomenon occurs during Percutaneous Coronary intervention (PCI). After two days of hospitalization, the patient developed cardiogenic shock and acute decompensated heart failure. The patient was administered ticagrelor, acetylsalicylic acid, enoxaparin for three days, high-dose statins, and optimized heart failure treatment. The patient was discharged on the 7th day after admission. Discussion Cigarette smoke chemicals may induce atherosclerosis and thickened blood in the arteries. Lipid oxidation leads to plaque formation. If plaque ruptures, it will cause thrombus occlusion. A high-burden thrombus can induce a no-reflow phenomenon, leading to heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Conclusion Smoking may induce STEMI and tends to result in a high-burden thrombus. The no-reflow phenomenon is an evidence of miscarriage during PCI, which may increase because of smoking. " } { "@context": "http://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [ { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "1", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/", "name": "Home" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "2", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/browse/articles", "name": "Browse" } }, { "@type": "ListItem", "position": "3", "item": { "@id": "https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v3", "name": "Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after..." } } ] } Home Browse Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after... ALL Metrics - Views Downloads Get PDF Get XML Cite How to cite this article Pintaningrum Y, Yusuf RS, Ramdani BHA et al. Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.3 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. Close Copy Citation Details Export Export Citation Sciwheel EndNote Ref. Manager Bibtex ProCite Sente EXPORT Select a format first Track Share ▬ ✚ Case Report Revised Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] Yusra Pintaningrum https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-4684 1,2 , Ricky Setiadi Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-7682 2 , Baiq Hanida Aolia Ramdani 2 , Shadiqa Rana Putri 2 , Dwi Astuti Wulandari 2 Yusra Pintaningrum https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8843-4684 1,2 , Ricky Setiadi Yusuf https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2062-7682 2 , [...] Baiq Hanida Aolia Ramdani 2 , Shadiqa Rana Putri 2 , Dwi Astuti Wulandari 2 PUBLISHED 29 Oct 2024 Author details Author details 1 Cardiovascular Intervention, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, 84371, Indonesia 2 Cardiovascular, Mataram University, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, 83126, Indonesia Yusra Pintaningrum Roles: Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Ricky Setiadi Yusuf Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Baiq Hanida Aolia Ramdani Roles: Formal Analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Shadiqa Rana Putri Roles: Investigation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Dwi Astuti Wulandari Roles: Methodology, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing OPEN PEER REVIEW DETAILS REVIEWER STATUS Abstract Background Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Smoking may also increase the risk of developing ACS. The most advantageous therapy is percutaneous coronary intervention. However, this therapy may fail because of the no-reflow phenomenon. This case report describes a young male patient admitted to the emergency department due to ST-segment elevation of myocardial infarction (STEMI), with smoking as the only risk factor. Case description A 37-year-old male presented to our hospital with a typical chest pain. He was a heavy smoker. Electrocardiography (ECG) revealed extensive anterior STEMI. Coronary angiography revealed total occlusion of the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD) with a high-burden thrombus. The no-reflow phenomenon occurs during Percutaneous Coronary intervention (PCI). After two days of hospitalization, the patient developed cardiogenic shock and acute decompensated heart failure. The patient was administered ticagrelor, acetylsalicylic acid, enoxaparin for three days, high-dose statins, and optimized heart failure treatment. The patient was discharged on the 7th day after admission. Discussion Cigarette smoke chemicals may induce atherosclerosis and thickened blood in the arteries. Lipid oxidation leads to plaque formation. If plaque ruptures, it will cause thrombus occlusion. A high-burden thrombus can induce a no-reflow phenomenon, leading to heart failure and cardiogenic shock. Conclusion Smoking may induce STEMI and tends to result in a high-burden thrombus. The no-reflow phenomenon is an evidence of miscarriage during PCI, which may increase because of smoking. READ ALL READ LESS Plain Language Summary This paper describes a provisional clinical protocol for the pilot human challenge model of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection, which causes the skin disease 'Buruli ulcer' (BU). BU is typically painless and begins as a small area of redness or swelling, and is curable with antibiotics. If the diagnosis is delayed, it can result in large ulceration and disability. Side effects from antibiotics are common but rarely severe; nevertheless, preventative strategies, such as vaccination, are urgently needed. The overarching project, known as 'MuCHIM', aims to establish a safe and acceptable controlled human challenge model (CHIM) of this disease in healthy volunteers in Melbourne, Australia. This pilot protocol primarily aims to establish that it is safe and acceptable to participants, and secondarily to confirm successful establishment of infection and the infection rate amongst participants. We also aim to test less invasive diagnostic tests, assess immune responses to infection, to understand changes in the human microbiome during the trial, and explore microbiological characteristics of M. ulcerans infection. If this pilot is successful, we hope to test vaccines and other therapeutics using this model, which could blunt or reduce the rising incidence of this disease in Australia, while further informing vaccine development research. READ ALL READ LESS Keywords Smoking; no-reflow phenomenon; STEMI Corresponding Author(s) Yusra Pintaningrum ( [email protected] ) Ricky Setiadi Yusuf ( [email protected] ) Close Corresponding authors: Yusra Pintaningrum, Ricky Setiadi Yusuf Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information: The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Copyright: © 2024 Pintaningrum Y et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. How to cite: Pintaningrum Y, Yusuf RS, Ramdani BHA et al. Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.3 ) First published: 18 Jul 2022, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.1 ) Latest published: 29 Oct 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.3 ) Revised Amendments from Version 2 There are many changes in the text that we conducted because of the lack of English. There is also added information in Figures 3 and 5 to make them clear. There are many changes in the text that we conducted because of the lack of English. There is also added information in Figures 3 and 5 to make them clear. See the authors' detailed response to the review by İbrahim Rencüzoğulları READ REVIEWER RESPONSES Introduction Since the early 1960s, the association between smoking and cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been explored in the Framingham Heart and the Seven Countries studies. 1 About 26% of ACS patients were active in smoking at hospital administration until one year forward follow-up. 1 Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is one of many CVDs that commonly happens. 2 Patients with ACS may develop total occlusion in coronary artery, so ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) as a result in ECG (Electrocradiogram). 3 Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is considered the most promising and rewarding reperfusion strategy. 2 The failure in restoring myocardial reperfusion is mostly because of the no-reflow phenomenon. 2 The incidence of this phenomenon is about 10–54% of procedures. 2 This case report will discuss the correlation between smoking and the no-reflow phenomenon and how it can occur. Case report A 37-year-old male presented at our hospital with severe chest pain in the middle of the chest three hours before going to the hospital. The pain was not relieved with rest. He was a high school teacher without medical, familial, or psychosocial history. He was a heavy smoker. The patient's vital signs were as follows: temperature was 36.8°C, heart rate was 69 beats/minute, respiration rate was 23 breaths/minute, and blood pressure was 65/30 mmHg. The first electrocardiogram (ECG) was done in the hospital ( Figure 1 ) revealed extensive anterior acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We administered oxygenation, Ringer Lactate infusion 250 mL, dopamine 4.2 mL/hour, morphine 1 mg/hours, aspirin 400 mg, and clopidogrel 300 mg as the first treatment for the patient. After several hours, his blood pressure increased to 130/80 mmHg. Chest radiography revealed no abnormalities ( Figure 2 ). Blood examination revealed no abnormalities, and the patient was transferred for coronary angiography, which showed total occlusion with a high-burden thrombus in the proximal left anterior descending artery (LAD). Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was performed ( Figure 3 ). A drug-eluting stent (DES) was implanted in the LAD; however, the thrombus returned. The thrombus was aspirated until TIMI 3 flow was achieved. Figure 1. The first ECG when the patient came to the hospital. Figure 2. Chest radiography performed in the first hospitalization. Figure 3. Coronary angiography. A) Normal Right Coronary Artery (RCA); B) Total occlusion in the proximal part of Left Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) and normal Left Circumflex Artery (LCX); C) Guidewire to LAD, there was flow to distal LAD (TIMI 1); D) Suddenly no-reflow and we aspirated thrombus; E) Implanting DES 3.25 × 30 mm to proximal LAD, TIMI 3 flow. After two days, the patient complained of typical chest pain. We then performed ECG, which showed extensive anterior STEMI ( Figure 4 ). After several hours, the patient became unstable and experienced acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) with cardiogenic shock. We combined 5 μg/kg/minute dopamine and 5 μg/kg/minute dobutamine to increase the blood pressure. After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 μg/minute, and we changed clopidogrel to ticagrelor 90 mg/12 hours. Other supporting therapies included infusion with normal saline (500 mL/day, alprazolam 0.5 mg/day, and ondansetron 4 mg/day, if needed. The echocardiography of the patient showed coronary artery disease (CAD) with anteroseptal LV hypokinetic, normal LV and mild reduce ejection fraction (EF by teach 51%) ( Figure 5 ). After two days, the patient was in better condition, and the next day the patient was discharged from the hospital. Figure 4. Patient's ECG when fell into ADHF and cardiogenic shock. Figure 5. Patient's echocardiography after primary PCI. Discussion Cigarette smoke contains about 4,000 different chemical agents considered the most complex and the least understood among cardiovascular risk factors of cardiovascular disease. 3 Smoking-related cardiovascular dysfunction caused by toxic components in cigarette smoke has multiple mechanisms, including increased inflammation, oxidation of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, platelet aggregability, thromboxane production, plasma viscosity, and fibrinogen levels. Smoking also causes alteration of the function of endothelial cells and reduces oxygen supply. 4 , 5 In addition to directly damaging the coronary arteries, smoking also increases the levels of harmful oxidized low-density lipoproteins. It reduces beneficial high-density lipoprotein, thereby contributing to an increase in fatty deposits (plaques) at the site of arterial injury. Smokers have a higher extracellular lipid content in their plaque, which renders it vulnerable to rupture. Endothelial injury and dysfunction promote platelet adhesion and lead to the formation of a blood clots, a process known as thrombosis. Tobacco smoking also induces a hypercoagulable state, which increases the risk of acute thrombosis. Smoking-mediated thrombosis appears to be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of critical cardiovascular events. 4 The pathogenesis and risk factors for no-reflow are not entirely understood. Several risk factors have been associated with the risk of a no-reflow phenomenon. Smoking is a risk factor for the incidence of high thrombus burden, which induces the no-reflow phenomenon. 6 , 7 However, several recent studies have shown that smokers experience less of a reflow phenomenon after PCI. Data from Shemirani et al ., showed that the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon was not significantly different between smokers and nonsmokers. 2 This finding is still controversial. Theoretically, smoking is associated with the risk of CAD and endothelial dysfunction. Nevertheless, it has been described that the causes of no-reflow are multifactorial. Therefore, smoking cannot be judged as the only factor influencing no-reflow. 6 The no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) is the hypoperfusion of myocardial tissue after an occlusion is removed, even though the epicardial coronary arteries are open and patent. NRP is quite common in patients who experience acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and then receive primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). 8 – 10 The process by which NRP occurs has not been clearly described. As in the present case, many factors influence it, including smoking. In addition, the presence of leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema is associated with the phenomenon of the occurrence of NRP. 9 , 10 According to a study by Pantea et al ., one-third of patients with NRP experience various complications. 8 , 9 The presence of anterior STEMI and lesions in the left anterior descending artery (LAD) is associated with high incidence of complications in these patients. 8 Complications include hemodynamics disturbance, cardiogenic shock, myocardial rupture, pulmonary edema, heart failure, and arrhythmias. 8 , 9 In this case, the patients develop cardiogenic shock and acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Cardiogenic shock results from long-term myocardial necrosis and secondary rupture of the free myocardial wall or interventricular septum. 8 In addition, in NRP, heart rhythm disturbances occur, which cause ischemia in the long term, resulting in extensive necrosis of the heart myocardium. Furthermore, changes in myocardial function can occur when ejection fraction decreases due to modification of left ventricle (LV) function. 8 , 9 This reduces contractility and increases the risk of acute pulmonary edema and acute heart failure. Conclusion Smoking is one of the most common habits in people all over the world. Many adverse effects may occur owing to smoking. One of these is ACS, in which STEMI is one of the diseases included. One of the many therapies that may be used is to reflow the obstruction of blood. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is one of them, and now it is claimed as the most advantageous reperfusion of the coronary arteries: Failure of this therapy may occur, with the no-reflow phenomenon being most common. Smoking may induce the no-reflow phenomenon and may lead to heart failure, increasing the risk of cardiogenic shock. Data availability All data underlying the results are available as part of the article and no additional source data are required. Consent Oral informed consent for publication of their clinical details and/or clinical images was obtained from the patient. Oral rather than written consent was obtained because of the patient’s condition and education level of the family, and was approved by the ethical review board of West Nusa Tenggara Province hospital. References 1. Notara V, Panagiotakos DB, Kouroupi S, et al. : Smoking determines the 10-year (2004-2014) prognosis in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome: The GREECS observational study. Tob. Induc. Dis. 2015; 13 (1): 38–39. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 2. Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A: Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J. Res. Med. Sci. 2014; 19 (11): 1068–1073. PubMed Abstract 3. Messner B, Bernhard D: Smoking and cardiovascular disease: Mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and early atherogenesis. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2014; 34 (3): 509–515. Publisher Full Text 4. Barua RS, Ambrose JA: Mechanisms of coronary thrombosis in cigarette smoke exposure. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2013; 33 (7): 1460–1467. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 5. Guelker JE, Blockhaus C, Jansen R, et al. : Influence of smoking habits on acute outcome of revascularization of chronic total occlusion. Turk. Kardiyol. Dern. Ars. 2018; 46 (6): 439–445. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 6. Fajar JK, Heriansyah T, Rohman MS: The predictors of no reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with ST elevation myocardial infarction: A meta-analysis. Indian Heart J. 2018; 70 : S406–S418. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 7. Karimianpour A, Maran A: Advances in Coronary No-Reflow Phenomenon—a Contemporary Review. Curr. Atheroscler. Rep. 2018; 20 (9): 44. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text 8. Pantea-Roșan LR, Pantea VA, Bungau S, et al. : No-reflow after ppci—a predictor of short-term outcomes in stemi patients. J. Clin. Med. 2020; 9 (9): 1–16. 9. Galasso G, Schiekofer S, D’Anna C, et al. : No-reflow phenomenon: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. a review of the current literature and future perspectives. Angiology. 2014; 65 (3): 180–189. Publisher Full Text 10. Bouleti C, Mewton N, Germain S: The no-reflow phenomenon: State of the art. Arch. Cardiovasc. Dis. 2015; 108 (12): 661–674. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 3 VERSION 3 PUBLISHED 18 Jul 2022 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment Author details Author details 1 Cardiovascular Intervention, West Nusa Tenggara General Hospital, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, 84371, Indonesia 2 Cardiovascular, Mataram University, Mataram, West Nusa Tenggara, 83126, Indonesia Yusra Pintaningrum Roles: Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Ricky Setiadi Yusuf Roles: Data Curation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Baiq Hanida Aolia Ramdani Roles: Formal Analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Shadiqa Rana Putri Roles: Investigation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Dwi Astuti Wulandari Roles: Methodology, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing Competing interests No competing interests were disclosed. Grant information The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work. Article Versions (3) version 3 Revised Published: 29 Oct 2024, 11:801 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.3 version 2 Revised Published: 25 Jul 2023, 11:801 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.2 version 1 Published: 18 Jul 2022, 11:801 https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.1 Copyright © 2024 Pintaningrum Y et al . This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Download Export To Sciwheel Bibtex EndNote ProCite Ref. Manager (RIS) Sente metrics Views Downloads F1000Research - - PubMed Central info_outline Data from PMC are received and updated monthly. - - Citations open_in_new 0 open_in_new 0 open_in_new SEE MORE DETAILS CITE how to cite this article Pintaningrum Y, Yusuf RS, Ramdani BHA et al. Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.109757.3 ) NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS track receive updates on this article Track an article to receive email alerts on any updates to this article. TRACK THIS ARTICLE Share Open Peer Review Current Reviewer Status: ? Key to Reviewer Statuses VIEW HIDE Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Version 3 VERSION 3 PUBLISHED 29 Oct 2024 Revised Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Rencüzoğulları İ. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173400.r336149 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v3#referee-response-336149 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 31 Oct 2024 İbrahim Rencüzoğulları , Department of Cardiology, Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars, Turkey Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173400.r336149 Dear editor The changes made and the answers given ... Continue reading READ ALL Dear editor The changes made and the answers given are satisfactory. My suggestion regarding the manuscript is accepted. Best regards. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Cardiology, Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Arrhythmia. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Rencüzoğulları İ. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173400.r336149 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v3#referee-response-336149 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Version 2 VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 25 Jul 2023 Revised Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Rencüzoğulları İ. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.152156.r199117 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v2#referee-response-199117 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 03 Oct 2023 İbrahim Rencüzoğulları , Department of Cardiology, Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars, Turkey Approved with Reservations VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.152156.r199117 No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary ... Continue reading READ ALL No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. English of the article should be improved. Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? Yes Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? Yes Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? Yes Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? Partly References 1. Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A: Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci . 2014; 19 (11): 1068-73 PubMed Abstract Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Cardiology, Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Arrhythmia. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Rencüzoğulları İ. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.152156.r199117 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v2#referee-response-199117 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Author Response 29 Oct 2024 Ricky Setiadi Yusuf , Cardiovascular, Mataram University, Mataram, 83126, Indonesia 29 Oct 2024 Author Response No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, ... Continue reading No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. In this manuscript, we have already mentioned that the process by which the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) occurs has not been described clearly. As in the present case, many factors can influence it, including smoking. In addition, leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema are associated with the occurrence of NRP. 2. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. Clopidogrel 300 mg was given in the emergency department, and was added 300 mg in the cathlab (total clopidogrel 600 mg) 3. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 mg/minute. 4. Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. In this revision, we have added the anatomical nomenclature. 5. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. Thank you for your review, we already revised the spelling errors and the english 6. English of the article should be improved. No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. In this manuscript, we have already mentioned that the process by which the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) occurs has not been described clearly. As in the present case, many factors can influence it, including smoking. In addition, leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema are associated with the occurrence of NRP. 2. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. Clopidogrel 300 mg was given in the emergency department, and was added 300 mg in the cathlab (total clopidogrel 600 mg) 3. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 mg/minute. 4. Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. In this revision, we have added the anatomical nomenclature. 5. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. Thank you for your review, we already revised the spelling errors and the english 6. English of the article should be improved. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Close Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT Author Response 29 Oct 2024 Ricky Setiadi Yusuf , Cardiovascular, Mataram University, Mataram, 83126, Indonesia 29 Oct 2024 Author Response No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, ... Continue reading No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. In this manuscript, we have already mentioned that the process by which the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) occurs has not been described clearly. As in the present case, many factors can influence it, including smoking. In addition, leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema are associated with the occurrence of NRP. 2. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. Clopidogrel 300 mg was given in the emergency department, and was added 300 mg in the cathlab (total clopidogrel 600 mg) 3. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 mg/minute. 4. Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. In this revision, we have added the anatomical nomenclature. 5. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. Thank you for your review, we already revised the spelling errors and the english 6. English of the article should be improved. No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. In this manuscript, we have already mentioned that the process by which the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) occurs has not been described clearly. As in the present case, many factors can influence it, including smoking. In addition, leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema are associated with the occurrence of NRP. 2. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. Clopidogrel 300 mg was given in the emergency department, and was added 300 mg in the cathlab (total clopidogrel 600 mg) 3. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 mg/minute. 4. Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. In this revision, we have added the anatomical nomenclature. 5. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. Thank you for your review, we already revised the spelling errors and the english 6. English of the article should be improved. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Close Report a concern COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Version 1 VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 18 Jul 2022 Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Canonico ME. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r153430 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-153430 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 08 Nov 2022 Mario Enrico Canonico , Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy Not Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r153430 The Authors show the manuscript entitled "Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen?" Some comments: How did the Authors assessed ... Continue reading READ ALL The Authors show the manuscript entitled "Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen?" Some comments: How did the Authors assessed the no-reflow? Echocardiography is not useful for this purpose. Moreover, echocardiography can't make coronary artery disease diagnosis No-reflow depends by several factors (e.g. platelet reactivity, comorbidities) Why didn't the Authors perform a second coronary angiography? In order to assess acute complications as stent thrombosis. Images quality on EKG and Echo should be improved Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? No Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? No Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? No Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? No Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Clinical Cardiology I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to state that I do not consider it to be of an acceptable scientific standard, for reasons outlined above. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Canonico ME. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r153430 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-153430 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Views 0 Cite How to cite this report: Andra CA. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r148891 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-148891 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. Close Copy Citation Details Reviewer Report 13 Sep 2022 Cut Aryfa Andra , Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia Approved VIEWS 0 https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r148891 This case report is interesting and deserves to be studied, where it is said that many chemicals in cigarettes can cause lipid oxidation so that plaque deposits. The article explained that there can be a no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), where there ... Continue reading READ ALL This case report is interesting and deserves to be studied, where it is said that many chemicals in cigarettes can cause lipid oxidation so that plaque deposits. The article explained that there can be a no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), where there is no return of coronary flow after percutaneous coronary intervention, in patients with smoking habits. Smoking can cause hypercoagulable states, decreased endothelial function, decreased oxygen supply, increased inflammation, platelet aggregation, thromboxane production, plasma thickening, and the amount of fibrinogen, thereby increasing the risk of plaque formation. The author adds insight to us that smoking is one of the important risk factors for heart attacks, both in the case of no backflow or no reflow phenomena. We need to realize that both in developing and developed countries, there are still many people who smoke and we should provide education about the dangers of smoking. In addition, some words may need to be revised. In the introduction session, there was a typo in the lack of "Electrocradiogram" In case report section, “…..He is a high school teacher with no same medical or familial, or psychosocial history before….” It appears that before may be unnecessary in this sentence, consider removing it. In case report section , ‘’…Blood examination was measured, and there was no abnormality..’’ It seems that you should add finding after the word abnormality In case report section , “..Coronary angiography was then done and confirmed that there was total occlusion in left anterior descending artery…” It appears that then may be unnecessary in this sentence, consider removing it. In case report description, please add the picture of angiography result In the case description “…After two days hospitalization, the patient developed to cardiogenic shock and lead to acute decompensated heart failure. It seem that you are missing preposition “the “. It’s considered to add the before hospitalization..” In the case description “Two days after PCI, the patient complained of chest pain again . It seem that better to use recurrent chest pain” In Discussion , last sentence”….This will reduce contractility function, increasing the risk of acute pulmonary edema and acute heart failure…” It seem that you are missing preposition “the “. It’s considered to add the before contractility. In the discussion session, data from Shemirani et al., showed that the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon was not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers, it could be revised by adding "s" to be non smokers. Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? Yes Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? Partly Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? Yes Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? Yes Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise: Cardiovascular intervention I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. Close READ LESS CITE CITE HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT Andra CA. Reviewer Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r148891 ) The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-148891 NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article. COPY CITATION DETAILS Report a concern Respond or Comment COMMENT ON THIS REPORT Comments on this article Comments (0) Version 3 VERSION 3 PUBLISHED 18 Jul 2022 ADD YOUR COMMENT Comment keyboard_arrow_left keyboard_arrow_right Open Peer Review Reviewer Status info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Reviewer Reports Invited Reviewers 1 2 3 Version 3 (revision) 29 Oct 24 read Version 2 (revision) 25 Jul 23 read Version 1 18 Jul 22 read read Cut Aryfa Andra , Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia Mario Enrico Canonico , Federico II University, Naples, Italy İbrahim Rencüzoğulları , Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars, Turkey Comments on this article All Comments (0) Add a comment Sign up for content alerts Sign Up You are now signed up to receive this alert Browse by related subjects keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2024 Rencüzoğulları İ. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 31 Oct 2024 | for Version 3 İbrahim Rencüzoğulları , Department of Cardiology, Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars, Turkey 0 Views copyright © 2024 Rencüzoğulları İ. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (0) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Dear editor The changes made and the answers given are satisfactory. My suggestion regarding the manuscript is accepted. Best regards. Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Cardiology, Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Arrhythmia. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (0) Rencüzoğulları İ. Peer Review Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.173400.r336149) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v3#referee-response-336149 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2023 Rencüzoğulları İ. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 03 Oct 2023 | for Version 2 İbrahim Rencüzoğulları , Department of Cardiology, Kafkas University School of Medicine, Kars, Turkey 0 Views copyright © 2023 Rencüzoğulları İ. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (1) Approved With Reservations info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. English of the article should be improved. Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? Yes Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? Yes Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? Yes Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? Partly References 1. Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A: Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci . 2014; 19 (11): 1068-73 PubMed Abstract Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Cardiology, Hypertension, Coronary artery disease, Arrhythmia. I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above. reply Respond to this report Responses (1) Author Response 29 Oct 2024 Ricky Setiadi Yusuf, Cardiovascular, Mataram University, Mataram, 83126, Indonesia No-reflow phenomenon or short-term complications were not significantly different between current smokers and non smokers in the study of Shemirani H et al ( Ref: Shemirani H, Tafti FD, Amirpour A. Comparison of no-reflow phenomenon after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction between smokers and nonsmokers. J Res Med Sci. 2014 Nov;19(11):1068-73. PMID: 25657753; PMCID: PMC4310081 ). In your study, however, it is not possible to confirm or falsify this result from a single case. In this manuscript, we have already mentioned that the process by which the no-reflow phenomenon (NRP) occurs has not been described clearly. As in the present case, many factors can influence it, including smoking. In addition, leukocyte infiltration, vasoconstriction, activation of inflammatory pathways, and cellular edema are associated with the occurrence of NRP. 2. According to current guidelines, new generation and more potent P2Y receptor inhibitors such as ticagrelor and prasugrel should be given to this patient, but clopidogrel was given and the recommended 600 mg dose of clopidogrel was not given. Clopidogrel 300 mg was given in the emergency department, and was added 300 mg in the cathlab (total clopidogrel 600 mg) 3. How accurate is it to give blood pressure medications such as bisoprolol (beta blocker), nitroglycerin and spironolactone to the patient in cardiogenic shock? After the hemodynamic was stable, we started to give some medicine from low dose such as bisoprolol 2.5 mg/day, ramipril 2.5 mg/day, furosemide 20 mg/day, spironolactone 25 mg/day, atorvastatin 40 mg/day, aspirin 80 mg/day, nitroglycerin 10 mg/minute. 4. Anatomical nomenclature from angiography and echocardiography figures will be more beneficial and facilitating for the reader. In this revision, we have added the anatomical nomenclature. 5. Spelling errors in the article should be corrected and spelling rules should be observed. Thank you for your review, we already revised the spelling errors and the english 6. English of the article should be improved. View more View less Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. reply Respond Report a concern Rencüzoğulları İ. Peer Review Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.152156.r199117) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v2#referee-response-199117 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2022 Canonico M. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 08 Nov 2022 | for Version 1 Mario Enrico Canonico , Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy 0 Views copyright © 2022 Canonico M. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (0) Not Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions The Authors show the manuscript entitled "Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen?" Some comments: How did the Authors assessed the no-reflow? Echocardiography is not useful for this purpose. Moreover, echocardiography can't make coronary artery disease diagnosis No-reflow depends by several factors (e.g. platelet reactivity, comorbidities) Why didn't the Authors perform a second coronary angiography? In order to assess acute complications as stent thrombosis. Images quality on EKG and Echo should be improved Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? No Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? No Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? No Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? No Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Clinical Cardiology I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to state that I do not consider it to be of an acceptable scientific standard, for reasons outlined above. reply Respond to this report Responses (0) Canonico ME. Peer Review Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r153430) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-153430 keyboard_arrow_left Back to all reports Reviewer Report 0 Views copyright © 2022 Andra C. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 13 Sep 2022 | for Version 1 Cut Aryfa Andra , Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia; H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, Indonesia 0 Views copyright © 2022 Andra C. This is an open access peer review report distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. format_quote Cite this report speaker_notes Responses (0) Approved info_outline Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved The paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved Fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions This case report is interesting and deserves to be studied, where it is said that many chemicals in cigarettes can cause lipid oxidation so that plaque deposits. The article explained that there can be a no-reflow phenomenon (NRP), where there is no return of coronary flow after percutaneous coronary intervention, in patients with smoking habits. Smoking can cause hypercoagulable states, decreased endothelial function, decreased oxygen supply, increased inflammation, platelet aggregation, thromboxane production, plasma thickening, and the amount of fibrinogen, thereby increasing the risk of plaque formation. The author adds insight to us that smoking is one of the important risk factors for heart attacks, both in the case of no backflow or no reflow phenomena. We need to realize that both in developing and developed countries, there are still many people who smoke and we should provide education about the dangers of smoking. In addition, some words may need to be revised. In the introduction session, there was a typo in the lack of "Electrocradiogram" In case report section, “…..He is a high school teacher with no same medical or familial, or psychosocial history before….” It appears that before may be unnecessary in this sentence, consider removing it. In case report section , ‘’…Blood examination was measured, and there was no abnormality..’’ It seems that you should add finding after the word abnormality In case report section , “..Coronary angiography was then done and confirmed that there was total occlusion in left anterior descending artery…” It appears that then may be unnecessary in this sentence, consider removing it. In case report description, please add the picture of angiography result In the case description “…After two days hospitalization, the patient developed to cardiogenic shock and lead to acute decompensated heart failure. It seem that you are missing preposition “the “. It’s considered to add the before hospitalization..” In the case description “Two days after PCI, the patient complained of chest pain again . It seem that better to use recurrent chest pain” In Discussion , last sentence”….This will reduce contractility function, increasing the risk of acute pulmonary edema and acute heart failure…” It seem that you are missing preposition “the “. It’s considered to add the before contractility. In the discussion session, data from Shemirani et al., showed that the incidence of the no-reflow phenomenon was not significantly different between smokers and non-smokers, it could be revised by adding "s" to be non smokers. Is the background of the case’s history and progression described in sufficient detail? Yes Are enough details provided of any physical examination and diagnostic tests, treatment given and outcomes? Partly Is sufficient discussion included of the importance of the findings and their relevance to future understanding of disease processes, diagnosis or treatment? Yes Is the case presented with sufficient detail to be useful for other practitioners? Yes Competing Interests No competing interests were disclosed. Reviewer Expertise Cardiovascular intervention I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard. reply Respond to this report Responses (0) Andra CA. Peer Review Report For: Case Report: Smoking as the risk factor of persistent STEMI after primary percutaneous coronary intervention: how it could be happen? [version 3; peer review: 2 approved, 1 not approved] . F1000Research 2024, 11 :801 ( https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.121300.r148891) NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in this citation. The direct URL for this report is: https://f1000research.com/articles/11-801/v1#referee-response-148891 Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article: Approved - the paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit. Not approved - fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions Adjust parameters to alter display View on desktop for interactive features Includes Interactive Elements View on desktop for interactive features Competing Interests Policy Provide sufficient details of any financial or non-financial competing interests to enable users to assess whether your comments might lead a reasonable person to question your impartiality. 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