Pathogenesis and treatment status of adenomyosis complicated with infertility.

Adenomyosis (AD) refers to the endometrium (including glands and stroma) into myometrium growth of pathological changes, with the delay of women's childbearing age, the patients with Adenomyosis -associated infertility increased significantly. Although scholars disagreed about the effect of Adenomyosis on infertility, more and more evidence showed that Adenomyosis was closely related to the structural and functional defects of the eutopic endometrium and myometrial junctional zone (MJZ), which may lead to embryo implantation failure and infertility. With the rapid development of imaging technology, the accuracy of diagnose Adenomyosis has been enhanced, more and more infertility patients were diagnosed with Adenomyosis. At the same time, a series of pathogenic hypothesis have been proposed to explain the relationship between Adenomyosis. In addition, Adenomyosis may influence the patient?s reproductive function by affecting sperm transport, embryo implantation, altering uterine peristalsis, influencing the structure and function of endometrium, and changing the intrauterine environment. At present, the treatment of Adenomyosis -associated infertility is similar to the treatment of Adenomyosis. The commonly used treatment methods include drug therapy, conservative operative treatment, drug combination surgery, and Chinese medicine treatment and so on. The clinical and experimental studies of Adenomyosis complicated with infertility and its possible pathogenesis and treatment in recent years are reviewed in this article.