WITHDRAWN: Reverse technological specialization, late resource curse and inequality: the US perspective

preprint OA: closed CC-BY-4.0
📄 Open PDF Full text JSON View at publisher

Abstract

Abstract This paper underscores the urgent need for a revitalized and modern industrial policy to address unsustainable trends in the U.S. trade and manufacturing sectors over the past two decades, which have significant implications for growth and prosperity. As industrial policy gains renewed focus, emerging challenges can be addressed through new and efficient approaches. A series of empirical analyses reveal a decline in the trade balance and rising import multipliers within machinery, equipment, and high-tech (HT) industries, indicating increased import penetration and a concerning reversal in technological specialization. Additionally, the share of manufacturing in GDP has decreased, particularly in machinery, equipment, and HT sectors, while the GDP share of energy – especially refined petroleum products – has risen, suggesting a Dutch disease-type effect. Labor share and employment multipliers within U.S. manufacturing have also declined, accompanied by structural shifts in the consumption share of wages. These findings underscore the importance of adopting targeted, innovative industrial policies to address functional income inequality, counter adverse sectoral shifts, and support long-term economic stability. JEL CODES: C67; D57; O25; D33
Full text 12,264 characters · extracted from preprint-html · click to expand
WITHDRAWN: Reverse technological specialization, late resource curse and inequality: the US perspective | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article WITHDRAWN: Reverse technological specialization, late resource curse and inequality: the US perspective Giuliano Toshiro Yajima, Nikolaos Rodousakis, Vlassis Missos, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Editorial Note The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author. Editorial notes are used to provide important context regarding the topic of a preprint or to alert readers to potential issues concerning that preprint or a downstream publication associated with it. For more information on editorial notes, see our Editorial Policies . Abstract The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author. Full Text The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 2 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5521113","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":449765304,"identity":"9c88529c-30eb-4d92-9215-6ad03d4f77de","order_by":0,"name":"Giuliano Toshiro Yajima","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAxUlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYJACgwQGBjk+krUYs5FsU2Ib0UrlI5IfFDzMsUtvY+8xk2CouGfXQEiL4Y00A4PEbcm5bTxngFrOFCcT1jIjAaSFObdNIi1NgrEtIZmgwwxnpH8AaqlPZ5N/RqQWeYkckC2HE9gkmI+BtNgR1GLA86YAqOW4YRtP8mGLhDMJCYRtaU/fZvhzW7U8P/vBxhsfKhLsCdtyIYHNAMpmkQBakdhA0Jb+A8wPoGzmD0CCsC2jYBSMglEw4gAAGEY6gvl/CmIAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7529-060X","institution":"Levy Economics Institute","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Giuliano","middleName":"Toshiro","lastName":"Yajima","suffix":""},{"id":449765305,"identity":"24722a8b-897f-43f7-9d21-537df1dc344d","order_by":1,"name":"Nikolaos Rodousakis","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"KEPE: Kentro Programmatismou kai Oikonomikon Ereunon","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nikolaos","middleName":"","lastName":"Rodousakis","suffix":""},{"id":449765306,"identity":"92e50216-2b1b-4f7e-948f-f750a76265c8","order_by":2,"name":"Vlassis Missos","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"KEPE: Kentro Programmatismou kai Oikonomikon Ereunon","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Vlassis","middleName":"","lastName":"Missos","suffix":""},{"id":449765307,"identity":"b4de2dbf-d644-4f8b-9cfd-61f2cfc6b5e2","order_by":3,"name":"George Soklis","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Panteion University of Economic and Social Sciences: Panteion Panepistemio Koinonikon kai Politikon Epistemon","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"George","middleName":"","lastName":"Soklis","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-11-25 14:32:15","currentVersionCode":2,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":81646626,"identity":"fdc85691-d62f-4d32-a526-f36d78bafb4b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-29 14:50:51","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":155572,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5521113/v2/a29d1c08-94c4-44ed-afa1-da8f6ebb485e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"WITHDRAWN: Reverse technological specialization, late resource curse and inequality: the US perspective","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"The authors have withdrawn this preprint from Research Square."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":true,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":true,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-industrial-and-business-economics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jibe","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Industrial and Business Economics](https://www.springer.com/journal/40812)","snPcode":"40812","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jibe","title":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The full text of this preprint has been withdrawn by the authors as it was submitted and made public without the full consent of all the authors. Therefore, the authors do not wish this work to be cited as a reference. Questions should be directed to the corresponding author.","manuscriptTitle":"WITHDRAWN: Reverse technological specialization, late resource curse and inequality: the US perspective","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":2,"date":"2025-04-29 14:42:46","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-industrial-and-business-economics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jibe","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Industrial and Business Economics](https://www.springer.com/journal/40812)","snPcode":"40812","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jibe","title":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}},{"code":1,"date":"2025-04-17 08:36:33","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5521113/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2025-04-16T11:50:11+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-04-16T11:32:26+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-04-10T08:05:25+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","date":"2025-04-09T12:05:24+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-industrial-and-business-economics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jibe","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Industrial and Business Economics](https://www.springer.com/journal/40812)","snPcode":"40812","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jibe","title":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}},{"code":"","date":"2024-11-25 14:32:15","doi":"","editorialEvents":[{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2025-02-17T16:01:07+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-02-17T14:53:55+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-11-27T07:15:39+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","date":"2024-11-25T09:29:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"notPreprinted","content":""}],"status":"timeline","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"journal-of-industrial-and-business-economics","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"jibe","sideBox":"Learn more about [Journal of Industrial and Business Economics](https://www.springer.com/journal/40812)","snPcode":"40812","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/jibe","title":"Journal of Industrial and Business Economics","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"eddd2c1b-1ee8-4c6d-860b-f9be79681ae1","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 29th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-05-16T08:05:44+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2025-04-29 14:42:46","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v2","identity":"rs-5521113","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5521113","identity":"rs-5521113","version":["v2"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: preprint-html

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. This is a recent paper (2025) — citers typically take a year or two to land, and the OpenAlex reference graph may still be filling in.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-05-20T01:45:00.602351+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-05-29T02:00:03.542394+00:00
License: CC-BY-4.0