Hybrid heating in Fused Filament Fabrication process

Hybrid heating in Fused Filament Fabrication process | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Hybrid heating in Fused Filament Fabrication process Ionel Danut SAVU, Sorin Vasile Savu, Nicusor-Alin SIRBU This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4040167/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Changing the heating regime of the polymer during printing by the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process can produce changes in the behavior of the polymer, but also changes in the characteristics of the printed product. The work proposes to replace the traditional resistive heating system with two hybrid heating systems that bring an additional temperature of 120-160oC: resistive and hot air jet, resistive and infrared radiation. The samples printed by using the two hybrid heating systems were DSC analyzed and visual tested. The filaments used for the experimental program were commercial filaments of ABS and PLA. A model to evaluate the melting of the polymer during the printing process was proposed, and it was experimentally confirmed. The visual testing revealed that the printed lattice’s structure is characterized by lower dimension voids of the structure, being built by depositions that are not circular in section, but flattened, due to the longer time in viscous / partially molten state. The elongation viscosity and the storage modulus decreased with about 10%, being slightly lower in the case of the infrared radiation heat source. The glassy temperature remained unchanged; the mobility of the molecules being not affected by the supplementary heat. The energy consumed to form the crystals is not changed by the supplementary heat. Mechanical behavior of the printed piece, during compression tests, was also influenced by the addition of the second heat source. For both materials a decrease in deformability is recorded as the temperature of the hot air jet increases. hybrid heating DSC analysis lattices structure thermal field thermal and mechanical characteristics Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers agreed at journal 02 Apr, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 01 Apr, 2024 Editor invited by journal 25 Mar, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 11 Mar, 2024 First submitted to journal 08 Mar, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4040167","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":286248151,"identity":"439474af-2bae-4a49-845e-eb89042eed00","order_by":0,"name":"Ionel Danut SAVU","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universitatea din Craiova","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ionel","middleName":"Danut","lastName":"SAVU","suffix":""},{"id":286248152,"identity":"827e1606-2cba-48af-935b-135d29ff477f","order_by":1,"name":"Sorin Vasile Savu","email":"data:image/png;base64,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","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0623-5244","institution":"University of Craiova: Universitatea din Craiova","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sorin","middleName":"Vasile","lastName":"Savu","suffix":""},{"id":286248153,"identity":"68eb6400-5a9f-4745-93fd-a1c35a373573","order_by":2,"name":"Nicusor-Alin SIRBU","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"ISIM Timişoara: Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare in Sudura si Incercari de Materiale","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nicusor-Alin","middleName":"","lastName":"SIRBU","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-03-08 08:58:44","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4040167/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4040167/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":54099193,"identity":"d461c169-f6dd-4a75-ab11-d033b6176f00","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-04-04 15:12:06","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1545896,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"IDSSVSNASManuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4040167/v1_covered_a680ebeb-4cd0-49ac-a67e-91c225485f96.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Hybrid heating in Fused Filament Fabrication process","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":true,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"welding-in-the-world","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"witw","sideBox":"Learn more about [Welding in the World](https://www.springer.com/journal/40194)","snPcode":"40194","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/witw/","title":"Welding in the World","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"hybrid heating, DSC analysis, lattices structure, thermal field, thermal and mechanical characteristics","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4040167/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4040167/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Changing the heating regime of the polymer during printing by the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) process can produce changes in the behavior of the polymer, but also changes in the characteristics of the printed product. 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The glassy temperature remained unchanged; the mobility of the molecules being not affected by the supplementary heat. The energy consumed to form the crystals is not changed by the supplementary heat. Mechanical behavior of the printed piece, during compression tests, was also influenced by the addition of the second heat source. 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