Single Anastomosis Sleeve Ileal and One Anastomosis Gastric Bypass outcome comparison in an Obese Rat Model

Background: Complications after single anastomosis bariatric surgeries such as one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) and single anastomosis sleeve ileal bypass (SASI) remain controversial. This study aimed to compare the effect, comorbidity remission, malnutrition, and most importantly, the influence of biliary reflux in rats that underwent SASI and OAGB. Methods Diabetic Sprague–Dawley rats received SASI (n = 8), OAGB (n = 8), esojejunostomy, (EJ) (n = 8), and SHAM (n = 8) surgeries. Changes in weight, glucose tolerance, and serum nutrient expression were analyzed. Bile acid concentration measurement and histological investigations were performed using the esogastric sections of rats. The follow-up period was 12 weeks. Results We did not observe statistically significant differences in weight changes between the SASI and OAGB groups. The concentration of mean bile acid was 1.5-fold higher in the OAGB group than in the SASI group. We observed esophageal hyper-papillomatosis in three groups (SASI = 37.5%, OAGB = 87.5%, EJ = 100). The OAGB group had a significantly higher level of mucosae than the SASI group, as well as lower levels of albumin and iron. No obvious dysplasia or intestinal metaplasia was observed after a 12-week follow-up. Conclusions The SASI procedure was proved to have a more positive anti-reflux effect than the OAGB procedure, as well as better glucose control and lower risks for hypoalbuminemia. Further clinical results are required.