Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)

Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae) Robabeh Latif, Atabak Roohi Aminjan, Masoumeh Malek, Sergei V Shekhovtsov, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in Molecular Biology Reports → Version 1 posted 9 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) is one of the most common earthworm species found in the temperate regions of the Holarctic. In this study, we examined the molecular variation within this species by analyzing both nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. The phylogenetic results were combined with morphological, ecological, and genomic evidence to test species boundaries. Previous studies have divided this species into two lineages: Mediterranean and Eurosiberian. Our analyses revealed that almost all specimens collected from Iran lie within the two established lineages. Some genetic differences observed among the morphotypes in the Iranian populations may relate to their phylogeographic origins (Euro-Siberian/Mediterranean). Additionally, some morphological features might reflect differences in reproductive mode (sexual/parthenogenetic) due to specific ecological conditions. Earthworms Lumbricidae Eurosiberian lineage Mediterranean lineage Iran Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 1. Introduction Morphological characters have been traditionally used to identify earthworms (Gates, 1972 ; Bouché, 1972 ) despite its limitations. This is the result of many morphological and anatomical characters used to identify earthworms being variable and that different taxa often display overlapping variability in the same characters (Pop et al., 2003). The lack of taxonomically robust characters has led to the grouping of many morphologically similar species into a single species with different morphotypes, or into a species complex that includes several taxa of uncertain taxonomic categories (Sims and Gerard, 1985 ; Briones, 1993 , 1996 ). Consequently, even with the high number of morphological studies, the taxonomy of most earthworms remains unresolved (Pop, 2004 ). As a promising solution, integrative approaches have become increasingly used in recent years to resolve the phylogenetic position of conflicting taxa. One of the most important tools for understanding the history of biodiversity and species distributions is phylogeography, which has allowed to describe the genetic structure and demographic history of some conflicting earthworm species (Fernández et al., 2013 ). Additionally, several molecular studies have identified many cryptic species within species that were earlier considered solid based on morphological characters, such as Lumbricus rubellus and Allolobophora chlorotica (REFS???). These cryptic species differ in their ecological requirements and tolerances to potential environmental stresses, and in some cases are not usually found sympatrically (Knowlton, 2000 ). Therefore, the alpha diversity of these ambiguous species needs to be re-examined (Schlick-Steiner et al., 2007 ). Without comprehensive integrated taxonomic research, the real number of earthworm species and their distribution will remain uncertain. Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) is a cosmopolitan earthworm that is widely distributed throughout the Holarctic region (Tiunov et al., 2006 ). This species shows a high intraspecific variation and several cryptic genetic lineages (Shekhovtsov et al., 2020 ). Based on mitochondrial gene data, King et al. ( 2008 ) and later Porco et al. ( 2013 ) identified three and four lineages, respectively. Later, another study, focusing on some southwestern European and North African populations, concluded that the species can be divided into two major lineages, namely Mediterranean and Eurosiberian (Fernandez et al., 2016). The study reported that after the split of A. rosea into the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian lineages, the latter lineage diversified into Eastern Europe and recolonized the Mediterranean region. However, in other parts of the world, particularly in less studied regions, the results obtained require further study. In this study, we investigated whether the cryptic diversity of A. rosea in West Asian populations, is caused by the phylogeographic origin of their distribution (Eurosiberian/Mediterranean). Alternatively, it is possible that some of their morphological and ecological characteristics reflect the difference in their reproductive mode (sexual/parthenogenetic). 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Earthworm sampling In this study the samples were collected by hand sorting in a 50 × 50 × 25 cm soil blocks at 14 different locations from western of Iran (Table 1 , Fig. 1). The specimens were fixed in 96% ethanol and preserved at -20°C. Mature individuals were identified morphologically according to Csuzdi and Zicsi (2003). Additionally, a tissue sample from each specimen was cut and cleaned under a stereomicroscope to remove soil particles and preserved in absolute ethanol until DNA extraction. Table 1 Locality and accession number of COI and H3 sequences retrieved from GenBank and the present study. Accession number Reference Lineage COI Locality Accession number Reference Lineage H3 Locality MT501989 Marchan et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + France MN862083 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia MT501906 Marchan et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + France MN862082 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441945 Fernandez et al. (2019) Eurosiberian + Spain MN862075 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia HQ946111 IBOL (2011) Eurosiberian + Canada MN862072 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia MN854054 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia MN862071 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441968 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Italy MN862076 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441950 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain FJ214262 Lund et al. (2008) Eurosiberian + Denmark KF441921 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF442119 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441946 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian Eurosiberian + Spain KF442117 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441917 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF442116 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441918 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF442121 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain MN854053 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442062 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854058 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russian E4717(58) MN854057 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russian KF442089 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854059 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russian KF442115 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain OR475044 Karimifard et al., (2023) Eurosiberian + Iran KF442111 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442110 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442100 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442068 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442067 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854063 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442125 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441969 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF442124 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854062 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442109 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854060 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442108 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442063 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854061 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442022 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442103 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain OR475037 Karimifard et al. (2023) Eurosiberian + Iran KF442102 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442088 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain kF441922 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF442087 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain DQ092894 Admassu et al. (2006) Eurosiberian + Austria KF442125 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854068 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442124 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854067 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442109 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854066 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442108 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854065 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442063 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN854064 Shekhovtsov et al. (2020) Eurosiberian + Russia KF442122 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MT501985 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + Porquerolles island KF442103 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MT501908 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + France KF442102 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441941 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF442088 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441957 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF442087 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441978 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF442092 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441977 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442066 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441991 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442085 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441988 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442070 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MT502015 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + France KF442069 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MT502060 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + France JQ771763 Fernandez et al. (2012) Mediterranen + Spain KF441964 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF442076 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441981 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442075 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441965 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442090 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441932 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442091 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441966 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442064 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441993 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain E4683(35) KF441936 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442093 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441935 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442103 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441937 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442106 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441930 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN862074 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441926 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN862073 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441923 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442080 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441963 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442079 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441933 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442120 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441998 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442078 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441997 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442077 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441905 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF442118 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441900 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN862078 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia GU013833 Porco (2009) Mediterranen + France MN862077 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441967 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain KF441938 Fernandez et al. (2013) Mediterranen + Spain MN862080 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia 58 Present study Mediterranen + Iran KF442096 Fernandez et al. (2013) Eurosiberian + Spain KF441906 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain MN862079 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia MT502042 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + France KF441960 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain MN862081 Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ) Eurosiberian + Russia KF441954 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441957 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF442099 Fernandez et al. (2013) - + Spain KF441987 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441982 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441971 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441961 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441952 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain KF441996 Fernandez et al. (unpublished) Mediterranen + Spain MT502028 Marchan et al., (2020) Mediterranen + France OR475043 Karimifard et al., (2023) Mediterranen + Iran OR475050 Karimifard et al., (2023) Mediterranen + Iran Figure 1. Geographical locations of the sampled sites. 2.2 Morphological study The cluster analysis was conducted based on the clitellum position, the shape and position of tubercula pubertatis, the body length, the male pore size, and the body pigmentation (Table 1 ). A similarity matrix was produced using Jaccard’s coefficient. The dendrogram of similarity derived from the Jaccard’s index using SPSS ver. 22 software. 2.3 DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing Total DNA was extracted from 50 µg of tissue on commercial columns (BioSilica, Russia) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Amplification was done using the Biomaster HS-Taq PCR Mix (Biolabmix, Russia). A fragment of the CO1 gene was amplified using universal primers LCOm (5'-TACTC-AACAA-ATCAC-AAAGA-TATTG-G-3'; modified from Folmer et al., 1994) and COI-E (5'-TATAC-TTCTG-GGTGT-CCGAA-GAATC-A-3'; Bely, Wray, 2004 ). A fragment of the histone H3 gene was amplified using the primers H3-FA (5'-ATGGC-TCGTA-CCAAG-CAGAC-AGC-3') and H3-AR2R (5'-GCATG-ATGGT-GACAC-GCTTG-G-3') designed specifically for A. rosea (Shekhovtsov et al., 2020 ). The amplified gene fragments were sequenced from both ends using the same primer pairs that were used for the initial amplification. Sanger sequencing was done on a 3130xl DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) in SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia) using both forward and reverse primers. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers PQ130328- PQ130348 for COI and PQ141092 – PQ141098 for H3. 2.4 Phylogenetic analyses Molecular phylogenetic analyzes were based on the sequence of nuclear (H3) and mitochondrial (COI) gene regions of the specimens collected. In addition, 74 sequences were downloaded from GenBank (Table 1 ). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using IQ-TREE v.2.0.3 (Minh et al., 2020 ). We used the TIM2 + F + I + G4 substitution model suggested by ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al., 2017 ). Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was performed in IQ-TREE with 1000 bootstrap repetitions. Table 1 . Locality and accession number of COI and H3 sequences retrieved from GenBank and the present study. 3. Results 3.1 Morphological analyses The specimens collected in the field showed some variation in several of the established morphological characteristics used to identify this species (Table 2 ). Table 2 Morphological characteristics of the A. rosea adult specimens from Iran. Specimen No. Clitellum position Tubercle position Tubercle shape Body length (mm) Male pore size Pigmentation 1 24–32 28–30 Band 32 very small reddish 5 24–32 28–30 Band 35 very small reddish 9 24–33 27–29 Band 40 small reddish 14 25–32 29–32 Saddle 38 very small pale 16 25–33 29–31 Saddle 44 large pale 27 24–32 28–30 Band 47 small reddish 28 24–33 29–31 Band 52 very small reddish 30 24–32 29–32 Band 42 very small reddish 32 25–32 29–31 Saddle 30 very small pale 35 24–32 28–30 Band 58 very small reddish 36 24–33 28–31 Band 35 very small reddish 38 24–32 28–32 Band 25 very small reddish 44 24–33 28–33 Band 31 large reddish 51 25–32 29–31 Band 41 large pale 55 25–33 29–32 Saddle 35 small pale 58 23–32 29–32 Band 32 large reddish 73 28–33 31–33 Saddle 40 large reddish 79 24–32 29–31 Band 32 large reddish 84 24–31 28–30 Saddle 45 small pale 86 24–31 28–30 Saddle 50 small pale 87 28–33 31–33 Saddle 45 large reddish Table 2 . Morphological characteristics of the A. rosea adult specimens from Iran. On the basis of these results, two morphotypes can be distinguished: a pale morphotype that is typical of habitats with low moisture and low organic matter such as grassland, and a reddish morphotype that is mostly associated with wet and organic-rich habitats such as arboreal habitats. The cluster analysis based on the morphological characteristics confirmed the existence of these two morphotypes by being assigned to two distinct Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), i.e., the specimens with reddish pigmentation belonging to OTU A, and the specimens pale in color to OUT B. The difference in body length between the morphotypes was found to be no statistically significant (t = 0.482, df = 17, p = 0.636). Furthermore, the reddish morphotype can be subdivided into two subgroups, A 1 and A 2 OTUs based on their clitellum extension and the shape and position of tubercula pubertatis. In addition, OUT A 2 can be subdivided further into A 2.1 and A 2.2 OTUs based on clitellum position. In the pale morphotype (OUT B), the B 1 and B 2 subgroups also differ according to their clitellum and tubercula positions (Fig. 2, Table 2 ). The pale (OTU B) and A 2 reddish morphotypes differ in fresh pigmentation, clitellum position, tubercle position, and tubercle shape (pale vs. reddish; 24–31 or 25–32/33 vs. 24–32/33; 28–30 or 29–31/32 vs. 27–29 or 28–30/31/32/33 or 29–31/32; and saddle-shape vs. band-shape; respectively). Figure 2. Jaccard’s similarity dendrogram of A. rosea based on morphological characteristics for the present study specimens. The numbers on the left side indicate specimen codes. 3.2 Molecular analyses The phylogenetic analysis of COI gene sequences obtained in the present study and those retrieved from GenBank produced a tree (Fig. 3) with a major clade (clade A) and a minor clade (clade D). The minor clade consists of the Iranian samples of Karimifard et al. (2024) together with the present study specimens (lineage L 4 ) plus the outgroup. The Iranian samples have an intra-lineage genetic distance of 2%. The major clade A is divided into two main subclades, B corresponding to the lineages with an Eurosiberian distribution and C associated with Mediterranean regions (K2P = 14%). Subclade B is further divided into two infraclades. Infraclade B 1 includes lineage L 1 which contains four samples from Iran. Infraclade B 2 includes lineage L 2 which contains four samples from Iran, three, from Russia, and one from Spain (Fig. 3). The genetic distance within the L 1 lineage is 0%, within the L 2 lineage is 7%, and the genetic distance between the two lineages is 10% (Table 3 ). Table 3 Mean COI K2P genetic distance (%) between lineages Lineage L 1 L 2 L 3 L 4 L 1 - L 2 10 - L 3 18 17.5 - L 4 20 19 19.5 - Subclade C is further divided into two infraclades, C 1 and C 2 (K2P = 13%). Genetic distance within C 1 and C 2 is 5%. One of the lineages (L 3 ) of the infraclade C 2 contains a large number of samples from Iran as well as two samples from France and Spain (Fig. 3). The genetic distance within Subclade C is 6%. The pairwise COI K2P genetic distances between the lineages, including the Iranian samples, exceeded 15%, except for the L 1 -L 2 (Table 3 ). Table 3 . Mean COI K2P genetic distance (%) between lineages The phylogenetic analysis of the H3 gene sequences derived from the present study specimens and those retrieved from GenBank produced a tree (Fig. 4) that confirmed the outlines of the COI tree pattern (Fig. 3). Figure 3. Phylogenetic tree derived from COI gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The red boxes represent the sequences obtained for the current study specimens. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as A. rosea in the GenBank. Figure 4. Phylogenetic tree derived from H3 gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The sequences from this study are highlighted in red boxes. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as A. rosea in the GenBank. 4. Discussion Aporrectodea rosea is a typical synanthropic species widely introduced in Europe, North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The origin of this species is the western Mediterranean, according to Fernandez et al. (2016). Two distinct lineages (Eurosiberian and Mediterranean) have been identified for this species based on COI and H3 phylogenetic analyses (Fernandez et al., 2016; Shekhovtsov et al., 2020 ). Our molecular analyses confirmed the divergence according to biogeographical distributions, with strong phylogenetic support for the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean clades. The two pigment-based morphotypes identified in the Iranian samples can also be assigned to each of these two clades. Accordingly, the pale B 1 and reddish A 2 morphotypes are concordant with the B and C 2 clades. The two morphotypes differ in the shape of the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis, in the body color, in the color and concentration of the coelomic fluid, in the type of habitat and the coexistence with other species of the genus Aporrectodea . It is questionable whether these ecological and morphological differences can be considered cryptic species (Marchán et al., 2018 ) or to the result of genetic variations often seen in peregrine species (Porco et al., 2013 ). However, some researchers disagree with the latter explanation (Porco et al., 2013 ) and suggest that invasive species might have experienced a decrease in genetic diversity (Fernández et al., 2011). Another alternative explanation is the fact that some of these variations can be caused by the effect of a specific season, which was also mentioned in previous studies by Vlasenko et al. ( 2011 ). According to Shekhovtsov et al. ( 2020 ), A. rosea genetic diversity is the result of the environmental conditions encountered during its migration from the Palearctic region that started a few million years ago. This ecological plasticity could have also prompted different reproduction strategies. A single morphological species may exhibit a range of ploidy levels. For instance, Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) exhibits a range of forms with varying degrees of ploidy (Omodeo, 1952). Some of these forms are sexual, while others are parthenogenetic. A. rosea includes four chromosomal races (2n = 36, 3n = 54, 6n = 108, 8n = 144) and 96 clones (Vlasenko et al., 2011 ). In this species, there is both sexual reproduction and parthenogenetic reproduction. Therefore, it is likely that the genetic lineages identified in this study correspond to different chromosomal races. This high variability in the genetic structure of A. rosea has been attributed to high genome mutability that has led to not only to several genetic races but also to high morphological variability (Vlasenko et al., 2011 ). 5. Conclusions In the present study, molecular analyses confirm the divergence according to biogeographic distributions, with strong phylogenetic support for the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean clades. Two distinct morphotypes in terms of clitellum and tubercula pubertatis shape, body colour, concentration of coelomic fluid, habitat type and symbiosis with other species of the genus Aporrectodea in Iranian specimens can be found in both clades. If these morphological and ecological differences are not related to cryptic species, considering the Iranian specimens, it can be concluded that this morphological flexibility is due to high genome variability, which has led not only to several genetic races, but also to morphological variations. Declarations Acknowledgements This study was supported by the grant of the Iran National Science Foundation [No. 99003929] and Russian Foundation for Basic Research [No. 20-54-56030]; as well as the State Budget Project FWNR-2022-0022. Sanger sequencing was performed in the SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia). Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflict of interests. References Bely, A. E., & Wray, G. A. (2004). Molecular phylogeny of naidid worms (Annelida: Clitellata) based on cytochrome oxidase I. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 30(1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00180-5 Briones, M.J.I., 1993. 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Diversification patterns in cosmopolitan earthworms: similar mode but different tempo. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 94, 701-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.017 Gates, G.E., 1972. Contributions to North American earthworms (Annelida:Oligochaeta). No. 3: towards a revision of the earthworm family Lumbricidae IV. The trapezoides species group. Bull. Tall Timbers Res. Station 12, 1–146. Kalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B. Q., Wong, T. K. F., von Haeseler, A., & Jermiin, L. S. (2017). ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14(6), 587–589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285 Knowlton, N. (2000). Molecular genetic analyses of species boundaries in the sea. In: Solé-Cava, A.M., Russo, C.A.M., Thorpe, J.P. (eds) Marine Genetics. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 144. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2184-4_8 King, R. A., Tibble, A. L., & Symondson, W. O. (2008). Opening a can of worms: unprecedented sympatric cryptic diversity within British lumbricid earthworms. Molecular ecology, 17(21), 4684-4698. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03931.x Minh, B. Q., Schmidt, H. A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M. D., von Haeseler, A., & Lanfear, R. (2020). IQ-TREE 2: New Models and Efficient Methods for Phylogenetic Inference in the Genomic Era. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 37(5), 1530–1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015 Marchán, D. F., Cosín, D. J. D., & Novo, M. (2018). Why are we blind to cryptic species? Lessons from the eyeless. European Journal of Soil Biology, 86, 49-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2018.03.004. Pop, V.V., 2004. Towards a consistent and convenient genera system of the Lumbricidae family (Oligochaeta). A compromise between splitter and lumper viewpoints, adapted for the Romanian earthworm fauna. In: Moreno, A., Borges, S. (Eds.), Avances en taxonomía de lombrices de tierra/Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy (Annelida: Oligochaeta). Editorial Complutense, Madrid, pp. 317–333. Porco, D., Decaëns, T., Deharveng, L., James, S. W., Skarżyński, D., Erséus, C., ... & Hebert, P. D. (2013). Biological invasions in soil: DNA barcoding as a monitoring tool in a multiple taxa survey targeting European earthworms and springtails in North America. Biological Invasions, 15, 899-910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0338-2. Shekhovtsov, S. V., Derzhinsky, Y. A., Poluboyarova, T. V., Golovanova, E. V., & Peltek, S. E. (2020). Phylogeography and genetic lineages of Aporrectodea rosea (Lumbricidae, Annelida). European Journal of Soil Biology, 99, 103191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2020.103191 Sims, R.W, Gerard, B.M., 1985. Earthworms, Keys and Notes for the Identification and Study of the Species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) No. 31. Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-Water Sciences Association, London. Schlick-Steiner BC, Seifert B, Stauffer C et al. (2007) Without morphology, cryptic species stay in taxomonic crypsis following discovery. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 22, 391–392. 10.1016/j.tree.2007.05.004 Tiunov, A.V., Hale, C.M., Holdsworth, A.R., Vsevolodova-Perel, T.S. (2006). Invasion patterns of Lumbricidae into the previously earthworm-free areas of northeastern Europe and the western Great Lakes region of North America. In: Hendrit, P.F. (eds) Biological Invasions Belowground: Earthworms as Invasive Species. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5429-7_4 Vlasenko, R. P., Mezhzherin, S. V., Garbar, A. V., & Kotsuba, Y. (2011). Polyploid races, genetic structure and morphological features of earthworm Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in Ukraine. Comparative Cytogenetics, 5(2), 91. 10.3897/compcytogen. v5i2.968. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 24 Apr, 2025 Read the published version in Molecular Biology Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 27 Feb, 2025 Reviews received at journal 26 Feb, 2025 Reviews received at journal 12 Feb, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 08 Feb, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Feb, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 04 Feb, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 03 Feb, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 03 Feb, 2025 First submitted to journal 02 Feb, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5945831","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":411239274,"identity":"6db22290-77b2-42f8-9246-6b4ec004c33a","order_by":0,"name":"Robabeh Latif","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA10lEQVRIiWNgGAWjYFAC5gYGBgM5OSQRxgYCWoAKDhgYG5OqhcE4kZAyBDBvYGz8/KHAIH1+e3fag587GOT5G5jbPuDTInOAsVnigIFB7oYzZ7cb9p5hMJwBFJmBT4sE0GFALX9yN0jkbpPgbWNg3MDA2IzXYUAtzT+AtqTLz3+7TfJvG4M9MVraQA5LYLjBu00aaEsiYS3MjG0WZwwMDDecyd0mLdsmkTzjMCEt7M2Hb1T8MZCXbz+7TfJtm41tf3v7Y7xaGJjRHYouMgpGwSgYBaOADAAAT95Dc7J5Ih0AAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"Semnan University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Robabeh","middleName":"","lastName":"Latif","suffix":""},{"id":411239275,"identity":"6ea941d2-18aa-4bf5-be25-3c485339c359","order_by":1,"name":"Atabak Roohi Aminjan","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Bu-Ali Sina University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atabak","middleName":"Roohi","lastName":"Aminjan","suffix":""},{"id":411239276,"identity":"96b24dd0-0c68-4d0d-b0a1-8850f6698b1c","order_by":2,"name":"Masoumeh Malek","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"University of Tehran","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Masoumeh","middleName":"","lastName":"Malek","suffix":""},{"id":411239277,"identity":"863cff74-8a1d-45d2-8b63-139217471cb0","order_by":3,"name":"Sergei V Shekhovtsov","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Sergei","middleName":"V","lastName":"Shekhovtsov","suffix":""},{"id":411239278,"identity":"0e004153-2529-49f4-9815-a4cb3b4ff475","order_by":4,"name":"Tatiana V. Poluboyarova","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Tatiana","middleName":"V.","lastName":"Poluboyarova","suffix":""},{"id":411239280,"identity":"c2cb2272-1708-4a40-b586-81943a9dee07","order_by":5,"name":"Maria J.I. Briones","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Universidad de Vigo","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Maria","middleName":"J.I.","lastName":"Briones","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-02-02 12:53:21","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-025-10511-5","type":"published","date":"2025-04-24T15:57:37+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":75540685,"identity":"1d7ca49d-979c-427e-9ae5-c46b817b11a1","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-05 15:56:24","extension":"jpg","order_by":1,"title":"Figure 1","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1543269,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eGeographical locations of the sampled sites.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure1.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5945831/v1/cfc0a98e2bd5829eed97639a.jpg"},{"id":75539779,"identity":"d940807a-522d-4dce-8a77-fd939b5044a2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-05 15:48:30","extension":"jpg","order_by":2,"title":"Figure 2","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":408963,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003eJaccard’s similarity dendrogram of \u003cem\u003eA. rosea \u003c/em\u003ebased on morphological characteristics for the present study specimens. The numbers on the left side indicate specimen codes.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure2.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5945831/v1/8d9149090138b1c02cf4c24c.jpg"},{"id":75539760,"identity":"81a3f777-6e3a-4f95-aa17-cd2c9b99168a","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-05 15:48:24","extension":"jpg","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":5861193,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic tree derived from COI gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The red boxes represent the sequences obtained for the current study specimens. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e in the GenBank.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure3.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5945831/v1/d445e825828f91478d1ed0a5.jpg"},{"id":75539776,"identity":"01f21f46-8cf5-443d-a2f6-204894c0fd78","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-02-05 15:48:25","extension":"jpg","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":1706510,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"\u003cp\u003ePhylogenetic tree derived from H3 gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The sequences from this study are highlighted in red boxes. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e in the GenBank.\u003c/p\u003e","description":"","filename":"Figure4.jpg","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5945831/v1/92a0c4201a72b502b20c01c3.jpg"},{"id":81569642,"identity":"432e1f02-43cc-4773-a13c-d1fb8001a166","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-04-28 16:08:56","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":10868506,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-5945831/v1/a3a4eb24-2708-42af-bf2b-45624c316eaa.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)","fulltext":[{"header":"1. Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eMorphological characters have been traditionally used to identify earthworms (Gates, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR9\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1972\u003c/span\u003e; Bouch\u0026eacute;, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR4\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1972\u003c/span\u003e) despite its limitations. This is the result of many morphological and anatomical characters used to identify earthworms being variable and that different taxa often display overlapping variability in the same characters (Pop et al., 2003). The lack of taxonomically robust characters has led to the grouping of many morphologically similar species into a single species with different morphotypes, or into a species complex that includes several taxa of uncertain taxonomic categories (Sims and Gerard, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR18\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1985\u003c/span\u003e; Briones, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR2\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1993\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR3\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e1996\u003c/span\u003e). Consequently, even with the high number of morphological studies, the taxonomy of most earthworms remains unresolved (Pop, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR15\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAs a promising solution, integrative approaches have become increasingly used in recent years to resolve the phylogenetic position of conflicting taxa. One of the most important tools for understanding the history of biodiversity and species distributions is phylogeography, which has allowed to describe the genetic structure and demographic history of some conflicting earthworm species (Fern\u0026aacute;ndez et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR6\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdditionally, several molecular studies have identified many cryptic species within species that were earlier considered solid based on morphological characters, such as \u003cem\u003eLumbricus rubellus\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAllolobophora chlorotica\u003c/em\u003e (REFS???). These cryptic species differ in their ecological requirements and tolerances to potential environmental stresses, and in some cases are not usually found sympatrically (Knowlton, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR11\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2000\u003c/span\u003e). Therefore, the alpha diversity of these ambiguous species needs to be re-examined (Schlick-Steiner et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR19\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2007\u003c/span\u003e). Without comprehensive integrated taxonomic research, the real number of earthworm species and their distribution will remain uncertain.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Savigny, 1826) is a cosmopolitan earthworm that is widely distributed throughout the Holarctic region (Tiunov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR20\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2006\u003c/span\u003e). This species shows a high intraspecific variation and several cryptic genetic lineages (Shekhovtsov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). Based on mitochondrial gene data, King et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR12\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2008\u003c/span\u003e) and later Porco et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) identified three and four lineages, respectively. Later, another study, focusing on some southwestern European and North African populations, concluded that the species can be divided into two major lineages, namely Mediterranean and Eurosiberian (Fernandez et al., 2016). The study reported that after the split of \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e into the Mediterranean and Eurosiberian lineages, the latter lineage diversified into Eastern Europe and recolonized the Mediterranean region. However, in other parts of the world, particularly in less studied regions, the results obtained require further study. In this study, we investigated whether the cryptic diversity of \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e in West Asian populations, is caused by the phylogeographic origin of their distribution (Eurosiberian/Mediterranean). Alternatively, it is possible that some of their morphological and ecological characteristics reflect the difference in their reproductive mode (sexual/parthenogenetic).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"2. Materials and Methods","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec3\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.1 Earthworm sampling\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn this study the samples were collected by hand sorting in a 50 \u0026times; 50 \u0026times; 25 cm soil blocks at 14 different locations from western of Iran (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e, Fig.\u0026nbsp;1). The specimens were fixed in 96% ethanol and preserved at -20\u0026deg;C. Mature individuals were identified morphologically according to Csuzdi and Zicsi (2003). Additionally, a tissue sample from each specimen was cut and cleaned under a stereomicroscope to remove soil particles and preserved in absolute ethanol until DNA extraction.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab1\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 1\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocality and accession number of COI and H3 sequences retrieved from GenBank and the present study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"10\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c8\" colnum=\"8\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c9\" colnum=\"9\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c10\" colnum=\"10\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccession number\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLineage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCOI\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccession number\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLineage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eH3\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLocality\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT501989\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862083\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT501906\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862082\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441945\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2019)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862075\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eHQ946111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIBOL (2011)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eCanada\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862072\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854054\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862071\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441968\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eItaly\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862076\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441950\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFJ214262\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLund et al. (2008)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDenmark\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441921\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442119\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441946\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian Eurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442117\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441917\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442116\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441918\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442121\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854053\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854058\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE4717(58)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854057\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442089\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854059\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442115\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR475044\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKarimifard\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2023)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442111\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442110\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442100\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442068\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442067\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854063\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441969\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854062\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442108\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442063\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854061\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442022\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR475037\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKarimifard\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2023)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442088\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ekF441922\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eDQ092894\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAdmassu et al. (2006)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eAustria\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442125\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854068\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442124\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854067\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442109\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442108\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854065\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442063\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN854064\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442122\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT501985\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePorquerolles island\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT501908\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442102\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441941\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442088\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441957\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442087\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441978\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442092\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441977\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442066\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441991\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442085\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441988\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442070\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT502015\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442069\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT502060\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eJQ771763\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2012)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441964\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442076\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441981\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442075\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441965\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442090\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441932\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442091\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441966\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442064\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441993\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eE4683(35)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441936\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442093\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441935\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442103\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441937\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442106\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441930\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862074\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441926\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862073\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441923\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441963\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442079\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441933\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442120\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441998\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442078\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441997\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442077\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441905\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442118\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441900\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862078\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eGU013833\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePorco (2009)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862077\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441967\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441938\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862080\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePresent study\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442096\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441906\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862079\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT502042\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441960\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMN862081\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eShekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eEurosiberian\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eRussia\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441954\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441957\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF442099\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez et al. (2013)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441987\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441982\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441971\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441961\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441952\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKF441996\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFernandez\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al. (unpublished)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpain\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMT502028\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMarchan\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2020)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eFrance\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR475043\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKarimifard\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2023)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eOR475050\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eKarimifard\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eet al., (2023)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMediterranen\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e+\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eIran\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c8\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c9\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c10\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure 1. Geographical locations of the sampled sites.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec4\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.2 Morphological study\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cluster analysis was conducted based on the clitellum position, the shape and position of tubercula pubertatis, the body length, the male pore size, and the body pigmentation (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA similarity matrix was produced using Jaccard\u0026rsquo;s coefficient. The dendrogram of similarity derived from the Jaccard\u0026rsquo;s index using SPSS ver. 22 software.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec5\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.3 DNA extraction, amplification, and sequencing\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eTotal DNA was extracted from 50 \u0026micro;g of tissue on commercial columns (BioSilica, Russia) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Amplification was done using the Biomaster HS-Taq PCR Mix (Biolabmix, Russia). A fragment of the CO1 gene was amplified using universal primers LCOm (5'-TACTC-AACAA-ATCAC-AAAGA-TATTG-G-3'; modified from Folmer et al., 1994) and COI-E (5'-TATAC-TTCTG-GGTGT-CCGAA-GAATC-A-3'; Bely, Wray, \u003cspan citationid=\"CR1\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2004\u003c/span\u003e). A fragment of the histone H3 gene was amplified using the primers H3-FA (5'-ATGGC-TCGTA-CCAAG-CAGAC-AGC-3') and H3-AR2R (5'-GCATG-ATGGT-GACAC-GCTTG-G-3') designed specifically for \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Shekhovtsov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). The amplified gene fragments were sequenced from both ends using the same primer pairs that were used for the initial amplification. Sanger sequencing was done on a 3130xl DNA Analyzer (Applied Biosystems) in SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia) using both forward and reverse primers. The obtained sequences were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers PQ130328- PQ130348 for COI and PQ141092 \u0026ndash; PQ141098 for H3.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec6\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e2.4 Phylogenetic analyses\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eMolecular phylogenetic analyzes were based on the sequence of nuclear (H3) and mitochondrial (COI) gene regions of the specimens collected. In addition, 74 sequences were downloaded from GenBank (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e). Phylogenetic trees were constructed using IQ-TREE v.2.0.3 (Minh et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR13\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e). We used the TIM2\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;F\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;I\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;G4 substitution model suggested by ModelFinder (Kalyaanamoorthy et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR10\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2017\u003c/span\u003e). Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis was performed in IQ-TREE with 1000 bootstrap repetitions.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab1\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e. Locality and accession number of COI and H3 sequences retrieved from GenBank and the present study.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"3. Results","content":"\u003cdiv id=\"Sec8\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.1 Morphological analyses\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe specimens collected in the field showed some variation in several of the established morphological characteristics used to identify this species (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab2\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 2\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMorphological characteristics of the \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e adult specimens from Iran.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"7\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"char\" char=\".\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c6\" colnum=\"6\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c7\" colnum=\"7\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSpecimen No.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eClitellum position\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTubercle position\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eTubercle shape\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBody length (mm)\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMale pore size\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ePigmentation\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e1\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e9\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u0026ndash;29\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esmall\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e14\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e16\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e27\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e47\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esmall\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e52\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e42\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e36\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e38\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003every small\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e44\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e51\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e41\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e55\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e25\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e35\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esmall\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e58\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e23\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e73\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e40\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e79\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e29\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eBand\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e32\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e84\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esmall\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e86\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e24\u0026ndash;31\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;30\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e50\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003esmall\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003epale\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e87\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e28\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e31\u0026ndash;33\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eSaddle\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"char\" char=\".\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e45\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c6\"\u003e \u003cp\u003elarge\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c7\"\u003e \u003cp\u003ereddish\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e. Morphological characteristics of the \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e adult specimens from Iran.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOn the basis of these results, two morphotypes can be distinguished: a pale morphotype that is typical of habitats with low moisture and low organic matter such as grassland, and a reddish morphotype that is mostly associated with wet and organic-rich habitats such as arboreal habitats.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe cluster analysis based on the morphological characteristics confirmed the existence of these two morphotypes by being assigned to two distinct Operational Taxonomic Units (OTUs), i.e., the specimens with reddish pigmentation belonging to OTU A, and the specimens pale in color to OUT B. The difference in body length between the morphotypes was found to be no statistically significant (t\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.482, df\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;17, p\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;0.636).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFurthermore, the reddish morphotype can be subdivided into two subgroups, A\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e and A\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e OTUs based on their clitellum extension and the shape and position of tubercula pubertatis. In addition, OUT A\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e can be subdivided further into A\u003csub\u003e2.1\u003c/sub\u003e and A\u003csub\u003e2.2\u003c/sub\u003e OTUs based on clitellum position. In the pale morphotype (OUT B), the B\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e and B\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e subgroups also differ according to their clitellum and tubercula positions (Fig.\u0026nbsp;2, Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab2\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e2\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pale (OTU B) and A\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e reddish morphotypes differ in fresh pigmentation, clitellum position, tubercle position, and tubercle shape (pale vs. reddish; 24\u0026ndash;31 or 25\u0026ndash;32/33 vs. 24\u0026ndash;32/33; 28\u0026ndash;30 or 29\u0026ndash;31/32 vs. 27\u0026ndash;29 or 28\u0026ndash;30/31/32/33 or 29\u0026ndash;31/32; and saddle-shape vs. band-shape; respectively).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure 2. Jaccard\u0026rsquo;s similarity dendrogram of \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e based on morphological characteristics for the present study specimens. The numbers on the left side indicate specimen codes.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv id=\"Sec9\" class=\"Section2\"\u003e \u003ch2\u003e3.2 Molecular analyses\u003c/h2\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe phylogenetic analysis of COI gene sequences obtained in the present study and those retrieved from GenBank produced a tree (Fig.\u0026nbsp;3) with a major clade (clade A) and a minor clade (clade D). The minor clade consists of the Iranian samples of Karimifard et al. (2024) together with the present study specimens (lineage L\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e) plus the outgroup. The Iranian samples have an intra-lineage genetic distance of 2%.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe major clade A is divided into two main subclades, B corresponding to the lineages with an Eurosiberian distribution and C associated with Mediterranean regions (K2P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;14%). Subclade B is further divided into two infraclades. Infraclade B\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e includes lineage L\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e which contains four samples from Iran. Infraclade B\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e includes lineage L\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e which contains four samples from Iran, three, from Russia, and one from Spain (Fig.\u0026nbsp;3). The genetic distance within the L\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e lineage is 0%, within the L\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e lineage is 7%, and the genetic distance between the two lineages is 10% (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"gridtable\"\u003e\u003ctable float=\"Yes\" id=\"Tab3\" border=\"1\"\u003e \u003ccaption language=\"En\"\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionNumber\"\u003eTable 3\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv class=\"CaptionContent\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eMean COI K2P genetic distance (%) between lineages\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e \u003c/caption\u003e \u003ccolgroup cols=\"5\"\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c1\" colnum=\"1\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c2\" colnum=\"2\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c3\" colnum=\"3\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c4\" colnum=\"4\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cdiv align=\"left\" class=\"colspec\" colname=\"c5\" colnum=\"5\"\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eLineage\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003cth align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/th\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e10\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e18\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c1\"\u003e \u003cp\u003eL\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c2\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e20\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c3\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c4\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003ctd align=\"left\" colname=\"c5\"\u003e \u003cp\u003e-\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/td\u003e \u003c/tr\u003e \u003c/tbody\u003e \u003c/colgroup\u003e \u003c/table\u003e\u003c/div\u003e \u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSubclade C is further divided into two infraclades, C\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e and C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (K2P\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;13%). Genetic distance within C\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e and C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e is 5%. One of the lineages (L\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e) of the infraclade C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e contains a large number of samples from Iran as well as two samples from France and Spain (Fig.\u0026nbsp;3). The genetic distance within Subclade C is 6%.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe pairwise COI K2P genetic distances between the lineages, including the Iranian samples, exceeded 15%, except for the L\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e-L\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e (Table\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTable\u0026nbsp;\u003cspan refid=\"Tab3\" class=\"InternalRef\"\u003e3\u003c/span\u003e. Mean COI K2P genetic distance (%) between lineages\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe phylogenetic analysis of the H3 gene sequences derived from the present study specimens and those retrieved from GenBank produced a tree (Fig.\u0026nbsp;4) that confirmed the outlines of the COI tree pattern (Fig.\u0026nbsp;3).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure 3. Phylogenetic tree derived from COI gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The red boxes represent the sequences obtained for the current study specimens. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e in the GenBank.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigure 4. Phylogenetic tree derived from H3 gene sequences using Maximum Likelihood method. The sequences from this study are highlighted in red boxes. The accession numbers show the sequences identified as \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e in the GenBank.\u003c/p\u003e \u003c/div\u003e"},{"header":"4. Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e is a typical synanthropic species widely introduced in Europe, North and South America, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The origin of this species is the western Mediterranean, according to Fernandez et al. (2016). Two distinct lineages (Eurosiberian and Mediterranean) have been identified for this species based on COI and H3 phylogenetic analyses (Fernandez et al., 2016; Shekhovtsov et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eOur molecular analyses confirmed the divergence according to biogeographical distributions, with strong phylogenetic support for the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean clades. The two pigment-based morphotypes identified in the Iranian samples can also be assigned to each of these two clades. Accordingly, the pale B\u003csub\u003e1\u003c/sub\u003e and reddish A\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e morphotypes are concordant with the B and C\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e clades. The two morphotypes differ in the shape of the clitellum and tubercula pubertatis, in the body color, in the color and concentration of the coelomic fluid, in the type of habitat and the coexistence with other species of the genus \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea\u003c/em\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIt is questionable whether these ecological and morphological differences can be considered cryptic species (March\u0026aacute;n et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR14\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2018\u003c/span\u003e) or to the result of genetic variations often seen in peregrine species (Porco et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e). However, some researchers disagree with the latter explanation (Porco et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR16\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2013\u003c/span\u003e) and suggest that invasive species might have experienced a decrease in genetic diversity (Fern\u0026aacute;ndez et al., 2011). Another alternative explanation is the fact that some of these variations can be caused by the effect of a specific season, which was also mentioned in previous studies by Vlasenko et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAccording to Shekhovtsov et al. (\u003cspan citationid=\"CR17\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2020\u003c/span\u003e), A. \u003cem\u003erosea\u003c/em\u003e genetic diversity is the result of the environmental conditions encountered during its migration from the Palearctic region that started a few million years ago. This ecological plasticity could have also prompted different reproduction strategies. A single morphological species may exhibit a range of ploidy levels. For instance, \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Savigny, 1826) exhibits a range of forms with varying degrees of ploidy (Omodeo, 1952). Some of these forms are sexual, while others are parthenogenetic. \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e includes four chromosomal races (2n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;36, 3n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;54, 6n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;108, 8n\u0026thinsp;=\u0026thinsp;144) and 96 clones (Vlasenko et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e). In this species, there is both sexual reproduction and parthenogenetic reproduction. Therefore, it is likely that the genetic lineages identified in this study correspond to different chromosomal races. This high variability in the genetic structure of \u003cem\u003eA. rosea\u003c/em\u003e has been attributed to high genome mutability that has led to not only to several genetic races but also to high morphological variability (Vlasenko et al., \u003cspan citationid=\"CR21\" class=\"CitationRef\"\u003e2011\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"5. Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn the present study, molecular analyses confirm the divergence according to biogeographic distributions, with strong phylogenetic support for the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean clades. Two distinct morphotypes in terms of clitellum and tubercula pubertatis shape, body colour, concentration of coelomic fluid, habitat type and symbiosis with other species of the genus \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea\u003c/em\u003e in Iranian specimens can be found in both clades. If these morphological and ecological differences are not related to cryptic species, considering the Iranian specimens, it can be concluded that this morphological flexibility is due to high genome variability, which has led not only to several genetic races, but also to morphological variations.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAcknowledgements\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis study was supported by the grant of the Iran National Science Foundation [No. 99003929] and Russian Foundation for Basic Research [No. 20-54-56030]; as well as the State Budget Project FWNR-2022-0022. Sanger sequencing was performed in the SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (ICBFM SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDeclaration of competing interest\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no conflict of interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBely, A. E., \u0026amp; Wray, G. A. (2004). Molecular phylogeny of naidid worms (Annelida: Clitellata) based on cytochrome oxidase I. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 30(1), 50-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00180-5\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBriones, M.J.I., 1993. Two ecotypes in \u003cem\u003eAllolobophora\u003c/em\u003e \u003cem\u003ecaliginosa\u003c/em\u003e (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae). Acta Oecologica 14, 317\u0026ndash;325.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBriones, M.J.I., 1996. A taxonomic study of the \u003cem\u003eAllolobophora caliginosa\u003c/em\u003e complex (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae): a preliminary study. Can. J. Zool. 74, 240\u0026ndash;244.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBouch\u0026eacute;, M.B., 1972. Lombriciens de France. \u0026Eacute;cologie et Syst\u0026eacute;matique. INRA, Paris.671 pp.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFlomer, O. (1994). DNA primers for amplification of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I from diverse metazoan invertebrates. \u003cem\u003eMol Mar Biol Biotech\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003e3\u003c/em\u003e, 294-299.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFern\u0026aacute;ndez, R., Almod\u0026oacute;var, A., Novo, M., Guti\u0026eacute;rrez, M., \u0026amp; Cos\u0026iacute;n, D. J. D. (2013). Earthworms, good indicators for palaeogeographical studies? Testing the genetic structure and demographic history in the peregrine earthworm \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea trapezoides\u003c/em\u003e (Dug\u0026egrave;s, 1828) in southern Europe. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 58, 127-135. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2012.10.021\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFern\u0026aacute;ndez, R., Novo, M., March\u0026aacute;n, D. F., \u0026amp; Cos\u0026iacute;n, D. J. D. (2016). Diversification patterns in cosmopolitan earthworms: similar mode but different tempo. Molecular phylogenetics and evolution, 94, 701-708. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2015.07.017\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGates, G.E., 1972. Contributions to North American earthworms (Annelida:Oligochaeta). No. 3: towards a revision of the earthworm family Lumbricidae IV. The trapezoides species group. Bull. Tall Timbers Res. Station 12, 1\u0026ndash;146.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKalyaanamoorthy, S., Minh, B. Q., Wong, T. K. F., von Haeseler, A., \u0026amp; Jermiin, L. S. (2017). ModelFinder: fast model selection for accurate phylogenetic estimates. Nature Methods, 14(6), 587\u0026ndash;589. https://doi.org/10.1038/nmeth.4285\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKnowlton, N. (2000). Molecular genetic analyses of species boundaries in the sea. In: Sol\u0026eacute;-Cava, A.M., Russo, C.A.M., Thorpe, J.P. (eds) Marine Genetics. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 144. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2184-4_8\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eKing, R. A., Tibble, A. L., \u0026amp; Symondson, W. O. (2008). Opening a can of worms: unprecedented sympatric cryptic diversity within British lumbricid earthworms. Molecular ecology, 17(21), 4684-4698. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.03931.x\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMinh, B. Q., Schmidt, H. A., Chernomor, O., Schrempf, D., Woodhams, M. D., von Haeseler, A., \u0026amp; Lanfear, R. (2020). IQ-TREE 2: New Models and Efficient Methods for Phylogenetic Inference in the Genomic Era. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 37(5), 1530\u0026ndash;1534. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msaa015\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMarch\u0026aacute;n, D. F., Cos\u0026iacute;n, D. J. D., \u0026amp; Novo, M. (2018). Why are we blind to cryptic species? Lessons from the eyeless. European Journal of Soil Biology, 86, 49-51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2018.03.004.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePop, V.V., 2004. Towards a consistent and convenient genera system of the Lumbricidae family (Oligochaeta). A compromise between splitter and lumper viewpoints, adapted for the Romanian earthworm fauna. In: Moreno, A., Borges, S. (Eds.), Avances en taxonom\u0026iacute;a de lombrices de tierra/Advances in Earthworm Taxonomy (Annelida: Oligochaeta). Editorial Complutense, Madrid, pp. 317\u0026ndash;333.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePorco, D., Deca\u0026euml;ns, T., Deharveng, L., James, S. W., Skarżyński, D., Ers\u0026eacute;us, C., ... \u0026amp; Hebert, P. D. (2013). Biological invasions in soil: DNA barcoding as a monitoring tool in a multiple taxa survey targeting European earthworms and springtails in North America. Biological Invasions, 15, 899-910. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-012-0338-2.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eShekhovtsov, S. V., Derzhinsky, Y. A., Poluboyarova, T. V., Golovanova, E. V., \u0026amp; Peltek, S. E. (2020). Phylogeography and genetic lineages of \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Lumbricidae, Annelida). European Journal of Soil Biology, 99, 103191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejsobi.2020.103191\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSims, R.W, Gerard, B.M., 1985. Earthworms, Keys and Notes for the Identification and Study of the Species. Synopses of the British Fauna (New Series) No. 31. Linnean Society of London and the Estuarine and Brackish-Water Sciences Association, London.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchlick-Steiner BC, Seifert B, Stauffer C et al. (2007) Without morphology, cryptic species stay in taxomonic crypsis following discovery. Trends in Ecology \u0026amp; Evolution, 22, 391\u0026ndash;392. 10.1016/j.tree.2007.05.004\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiunov, A.V., Hale, C.M., Holdsworth, A.R., Vsevolodova-Perel, T.S. (2006). Invasion patterns of Lumbricidae into the previously earthworm-free areas of northeastern Europe and the western Great Lakes region of North America. In: Hendrit, P.F. (eds) Biological Invasions Belowground: Earthworms as Invasive Species. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-5429-7_4\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVlasenko, R. P., Mezhzherin, S. V., Garbar, A. V., \u0026amp; Kotsuba, Y. (2011). Polyploid races, genetic structure and morphological features of earthworm \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Savigny, 1826) (Oligochaeta, Lumbricidae) in Ukraine. Comparative Cytogenetics, 5(2), 91. 10.3897/compcytogen. v5i2.968.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"molecular-biology-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mole","sideBox":"Learn more about [Molecular Biology Reports](https://www.springer.com/journal/11033)","snPcode":"11033","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11033/3","title":"Molecular Biology Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Earthworms, Lumbricidae, Eurosiberian lineage, Mediterranean lineage, Iran","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e \u003cem\u003eAporrectodea rosea\u003c/em\u003e (Savigny, 1826) is one of the most common earthworm species found in the temperate regions of the Holarctic. In this study, we examined the molecular variation within this species by analyzing both nuclear and mitochondrial sequences. The phylogenetic results were combined with morphological, ecological, and genomic evidence to test species boundaries. Previous studies have divided this species into two lineages: Mediterranean and Eurosiberian. Our analyses revealed that almost all specimens collected from Iran lie within the two established lineages. Some genetic differences observed among the morphotypes in the Iranian populations may relate to their phylogeographic origins (Euro-Siberian/Mediterranean). Additionally, some morphological features might reflect differences in reproductive mode (sexual/parthenogenetic) due to specific ecological conditions.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Integrative study of various populations of Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny, 1826) based on morphological and molecular analyses (Oligochaeta: Lumbricidae)","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-02-05 15:48:19","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5945831/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-02-27T09:15:59+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-02-26T19:16:14+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-02-12T15:32:44+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"320106748398415714435808940579308038891","date":"2025-02-08T14:30:01+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"93927579892850861686390468277466219846","date":"2025-02-04T20:46:28+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-02-04T13:02:25+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-02-03T14:54:02+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-02-03T14:50:22+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Molecular Biology Reports","date":"2025-02-02T12:50:32+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"molecular-biology-reports","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mole","sideBox":"Learn more about [Molecular Biology Reports](https://www.springer.com/journal/11033)","snPcode":"11033","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11033/3","title":"Molecular Biology Reports","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ca13f462-2a6e-45de-97e5-ce0617fc0f11","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 5th, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2025-04-28T16:01:58+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-5945831","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-025-10511-5","journal":{"identity":"molecular-biology-reports","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Molecular Biology Reports"},"publishedOn":"2025-04-24 15:57:37","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 24th, 2025"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-02-05 15:48:19","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s11033-025-10511-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-025-10511-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-5945831","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-5945831","identity":"rs-5945831","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}