Refined Kinematic Relations and Numerical Evaluation of Static Stiffness of Multi-layered Conductors Under Coupled Tension, Torsion, and Bending Loads

Refined Kinematic Relations and Numerical Evaluation of Static Stiffness of Multi-layered Conductors Under Coupled Tension, Torsion, and Bending Loads | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Refined Kinematic Relations and Numerical Evaluation of Static Stiffness of Multi-layered Conductors Under Coupled Tension, Torsion, and Bending Loads HADIYA PRITESH DULABHAI, THEJARAJU R, SANTHOSH N, ADISU FRINJO This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8588846/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The behaviour of helical cable strands under axial and bending actions is governed by the complex interaction of its individual helical wires. In this study, the fundamental expressions for curvature, wire twist, within strands are modified to incorporate the combined influence of wire elongation—a factor largely overlooked in earlier research. Additionally, the resulting shear displacement from this elongation is introduced into the normal and binormal shear force calculations, marking the first inclusion of such effects in coupled axial–bending analysis. Using these kinematic improvements, a mathematical framework is developed to determine the single layer cable stiffness subjected to simultaneous loading patterns. The approach is subsequently applied to multi-layer conductors typical of overhead transmission systems. Numerical outcomes are compared with existing published data, highlighting the differences produced by the enhanced formulation. The results of the numerical analysis through refined kinematic relations for a single-layer 7-wire strand indicates that the elongation of the wire results in a decrease of normal flexural strain by 10% to 12% and bending stiffness by 5%. Where as in case of multilayer conductors (Panther, Zebra, Moose), there is no change in axial and torsional stiffness in comparison with the existing mathematical models, but bending stiffness decreases slightly for Panther and Moose multilayer conductors, thereby validating the novelty of the refined kinematic relations. Physical sciences/Engineering Physical sciences/Materials science Physical sciences/Mathematics and computing kinematic relations helical cable stiffness bending tension torsion loads mathematical models Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8588846","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":576954701,"identity":"8752fc5b-ecab-42f8-ac80-4210502c1734","order_by":0,"name":"HADIYA PRITESH DULABHAI","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"CHRIST (DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"HADIYA","middleName":"PRITESH","lastName":"DULABHAI","suffix":""},{"id":576954702,"identity":"172d8c0d-a840-482f-b198-44ab06787f31","order_by":1,"name":"THEJARAJU R","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"CHRIST (DEEMED TO BE 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