The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite

The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite Muharrem Pul This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-355460/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this study, the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) on the machining of CNT-reinforced ZA-27 (zinc-aluminum alloy) nano composite was investigated. For this purpose, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 based composites were produced by powder metallurgy method. Firstly, microscope images of the composites were taken, and hardness and density measurements were made. Then machining tests were carried out. Machinability tests were carried out by turning method to determine the cutting forces and surface roughness values. The tests were carried out with cemented carbide cutting tools under dry cutting conditions. Cutting speeds of 75, 125, 175, 225 m/min, feed values of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mm/rev ​​and constant cutting depth of 1.0 mm were chosen as test parameters. The data obtained as a result of the tests were interpreted together with microstructure, porosity and hardness values. Hardness values ​​decreased and the pore amounts increased with the increase in the CNT-reinforcement ratio within the composite structure.Cutting forces and the surface roughness amounts increased with the increase in feed value. Cutting forces and surface roughness values decreased together with increase in cutting speed. CNT-reinforcement material in the composite structure caused a decrease in cutting forces. However, surface roughness values showed ​​an increase with the increase of CNT-reinforcement ratio. It has been determined that CNT-reinforcement material facilitates machining by lubricating effect in dry machining conditions. Built-up edge (BUE) was observed on all cutting tool bits used in machining tests. BUE amounts increased in itself with the increase in CNT ratios and feed rates. Materials Engineering Mechanical Engineering Nano composite Carbon nanotube ZA-27 Machinability Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Figure 15 Full Text Due to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-355460","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":19187899,"identity":"a2c3b417-9e9a-4abd-8271-d0f610d28e1c","order_by":0,"name":"Muharrem 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01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":3,"title":"Figure 3","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":76009,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Cutting tool and tool holder used in machining tests","description":"","filename":"Fig3.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/92724ea85042972c293c13c7.png"},{"id":7553380,"identity":"a223ae52-1c00-46be-9452-020f088b256b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":4,"title":"Figure 4","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":35372,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Machining test setup","description":"","filename":"Fig4.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/10b98bc8b9cb1b6776d46b81.png"},{"id":7554344,"identity":"2d28a1e6-decc-42fd-8675-274edd49c637","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:18:08","extension":"png","order_by":5,"title":"Figure 5","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":299133,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Microstructures of 0.5% CNT (a), 1.0% CNT (b), 1.5% CNT (c), 3.0% CNT (d) reinforced ZA-27 matrix nano composites","description":"","filename":"Fig5.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/5ce9da9278c3fd93ddfa9653.png"},{"id":7553796,"identity":"d3a7ac47-d7d6-4ea0-be22-97cdbde61fcb","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:15:08","extension":"png","order_by":6,"title":"Figure 6","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":243965,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"CNT-reinforcing elements in composite structure","description":"","filename":"Fig6.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/03c38895926251933ff264b4.png"},{"id":7553797,"identity":"b06df37b-a66c-4a2b-8590-47379344acb8","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:15:08","extension":"png","order_by":7,"title":"Figure 7","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":39063,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Hardness and porosity amounts of Nano CNT-reinforced ZA-27 composites.","description":"","filename":"Fig7.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/5fd235d0a745b65de5d04c0f.png"},{"id":7553801,"identity":"04a28e21-9f7e-4ee4-8f31-642854bfdcb4","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:15:08","extension":"png","order_by":8,"title":"Figure 8","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":134793,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Cutting forces measured in CNT/ZA-27 composites depending on feed and cutting speed.","description":"","filename":"Fig8.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/90fccc7db507a921c600bcef.png"},{"id":7553388,"identity":"26901b93-cbfa-44ef-aa03-83bf681bc240","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":9,"title":"Figure 9","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":387847,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Cutting tools used in 0% and 3% CNT-reinforced composites machined at a cutting speed of 75 m/min, 225 m/min and feed rate of 0.05 mm/rev, 0.1 mm/rev, 0.2 mm/rev","description":"","filename":"Fig9.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/9a1910d4aee346a12c396e9e.png"},{"id":7553394,"identity":"cc0e1ae8-dde1-4315-a2dc-49c5c8816072","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":10,"title":"Figure 10","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":40283,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Representation of the direction of the forces received by the tool when machining below and above the nose radius. ","description":"","filename":"Fig10.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/41a34ea82afd97f7eb839c75.png"},{"id":7553382,"identity":"ea881115-11ea-4062-8b11-47f09d89e683","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":11,"title":"Figure 11","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":72620,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Fc main cutting forces according to feed rates in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 composites","description":"","filename":"Fig11.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/55de8c635e32c7b299374b3f.png"},{"id":7553384,"identity":"a995c0a3-0781-4c4f-9e62-d75a16daa92f","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":12,"title":"Figure 12","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":91390,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Surface roughness amounts according to feed in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 composites","description":"","filename":"Fig12.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/95abb008977d9df274e26b71.png"},{"id":7554347,"identity":"2d62c9cc-3931-4d7f-888e-0b1938748847","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:18:08","extension":"png","order_by":13,"title":"Figure 13","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":61256,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Sources of heat generation in the orthogonal cutting process [29]","description":"","filename":"Fig13.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/8b6c39ebe41336a2323dd04a.png"},{"id":7553390,"identity":"558c3d80-46fd-4204-b53b-4b6ff21eca31","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:12:08","extension":"png","order_by":14,"title":"Figure 14","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":103051,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Surface roughness amounts according to the cutting speed in 0%, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5% and 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 composites\n\n","description":"","filename":"Fig14.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/90573c02faccec9943f61b40.png"},{"id":7554672,"identity":"17522e83-a96c-4d00-9600-87562932c368","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:21:08","extension":"png","order_by":15,"title":"Figure 15","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"figure","size":18617,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Surface roughness relationship with tool nose radius in machining","description":"","filename":"Fig15.png","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1/4f15614de9553833fd2985ae.png"},{"id":13615307,"identity":"9269b35a-e613-43c3-b8b2-dab98a5491a2","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-17 06:44:57","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1869678,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedArticle.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":7555023,"identity":"e3620714-db24-422e-a139-06e60d59e998","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-04-01 01:24:14","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":1508923,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"RevisedArticle.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-355460/v1_stamped.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"\u003cp\u003eDue to technical limitations, full-text HTML conversion of this manuscript could not be completed. However, the manuscript can be downloaded and accessed as a PDF.\u003c/p\u003e\n"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Nano composite, Carbon nanotube, ZA-27, Machinability","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-355460/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-355460/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"In this study, the effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) on the machining of CNT-reinforced ZA-27 (zinc-aluminum alloy) nano composite was investigated. For this purpose, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 3.0% CNT-reinforced ZA-27 based composites were produced by powder metallurgy method. Firstly, microscope images of the composites were taken, and hardness and density measurements were made. Then machining tests were carried out. Machinability tests were carried out by turning method to determine the cutting forces and surface roughness values. The tests were carried out with cemented carbide cutting tools under dry cutting conditions. Cutting speeds of 75, 125, 175, 225 m/min, feed values of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20 mm/rev ​​and constant cutting depth of 1.0 mm were chosen as test parameters. The data obtained as a result of the tests were interpreted together with microstructure, porosity and hardness values. Hardness values ​​decreased and the pore amounts increased with the increase in the CNT-reinforcement ratio within the composite structure.Cutting forces and the surface roughness amounts increased with the increase in feed value. Cutting forces and surface roughness values decreased together with increase in cutting speed. CNT-reinforcement material in the composite structure caused a decrease in cutting forces. However, surface roughness values showed ​​an increase with the increase of CNT-reinforcement ratio. It has been determined that CNT-reinforcement material facilitates machining by lubricating effect in dry machining conditions. Built-up edge (BUE) was observed on all cutting tool bits used in machining tests. BUE amounts increased in itself with the increase in CNT ratios and feed rates.","manuscriptTitle":"The effect of carbon nanotube amount in machining of ZA-27 matrix carbon nanotube reinforced nano composite","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-04-01 01:12:06","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-355460/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"e20c7925-7565-4c61-9f45-e427e934ab4e","owner":[],"postedDate":"April 1st, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[{"id":3347863,"name":"Materials Engineering"},{"id":3347864,"name":"Mechanical Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-04-24T22:33:23+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-04-01 01:12:06","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-355460","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-355460","identity":"rs-355460","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}