Exploring the Anti-inflammatory and Anti-Arthritic Potential of Malus peel Phenolics: A comprehensive comparative analysis of Royal delicious, Delicious, Golden delicious, andMaharaji Cultivars from Kashmir, India

The aim of the current investigation was to reveal whether the peel phenolics of three red-colored ("Royal Delicious", "Delicious", "Maharaji") and one yellow-colored ("Golden Delicious") malus variety might have a differential tendency with regard to inflammation and arthritis, as these varieties indigenous to Kashmir have not yet been exploited for the same. The comparative assessment of the immunomodulatory properties of decoctures, prepared by amalgamating the extracts of different polar menstruums, was analyzed by subjecting them to in vitro assays of inflammation and arthritis. In the decoctures, the presence of carboxylic acids, poly-hydroxy compounds, aromatic rings, alcohols, alkenes, ethers, nitro compounds, phenols, hydrogen-bonded alcohols, and esters was demonstrated by FTIR. All the FTIR spectra correlate to the functionality of phenolic and polyphenolic compounds deemed to be present in malus varieties. All the peel decoctions showed significant inflammation suppressive and anti-arthritic efficacy, in a dose-dependent fashion. With the goal to treat oxidative stress-related, inflammatory, and arthritic illnesses, the present research assigns the greatest pharmacological precedence to the bioactive compounds extracted on a polarity premise from peels of Malus domestica var Maharaji.