Modality-specificity is not a necessary condition for grounded semantic cognition: A Commentary on Calzavarini (2023)

We present a response to Calzavarini (2023) arguing that modality-specificity is not a necessary condition for grounded semantic cognition. Modality-specific perceptuomotor simulations scaffold word and object meaning. We argue that the question of whether these simulations are executed by primary sensory regions, networks, or association cortices is not essential for grounded semantic theories.