In Vitro Screening of Antioxidant, Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Cyanobacteria Found Across Odisha Coast, India

Abstract Cyanobacteria contain a rich source of several bioprospective molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. The objective of the current study was determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer potential of methanol and acetone extracts of two cyanobacterial species (Lyngbya majuscule and Lyngbya martensiana) isolated from Odisha coast. The free radical scavenging assay of the extracts was performed against DPPH and ABTS+. The reducing power assay of the extracts was also determined. The maximum DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity is recorded on L. majuscule and the IC50 values were 251.34±0.96 and 282.24±0.87 µg/ml respectively. Similarly, the reducing power assay was also highest in L. majuscule (0.762±0.0015). The total phenolic (69.18±0.79 µg gallic acid equivalents g−1) and total flavonoid (38.21±0.61 µg quersentin equivalents g−1) was found more in methanolic extract. The methanol extract of L. majuscule exhibited higher antimicrobial activity (23±0.74 mM) as compared to other test species. Further, methanol extract of L. majuscule, active fractions was analysed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and bioactive compounds like 1-Monolinoleoylglycerol trimethylsilyl ether (31.182%) and n-Hexadecanoic acid(15.42%)were detected. Similarly the cytotoxicity results exhibited decreasing cell viability of HepG2 cells in methanol extracts L. majuscule in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity on normal cells.These results concluded that extracts of studied cyanobacterial species exhibited appreciable antioxidant and antimicrobial activity and further the methanol extract of L. majuscule possess sufficient amount of bioactive compounds having antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticancer activity and thus could be a promising source for health products.