Identification of Efficient Energy Source among Solar, Biomass and Battery for Electric Vehicle Charging using Novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm

Identification of Efficient Energy Source among Solar, Biomass and Battery for Electric Vehicle Charging using Novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Identification of Efficient Energy Source among Solar, Biomass and Battery for Electric Vehicle Charging using Novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm Nishant Kumar, Kumari Namrata This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-665796/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Background: The EV (Electric Vehicles) is rapidly growing as a substitute to oil dependant vehicles to minimize the pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHS) emissions. Various charging schemes and grid integration techniques are introduced to minimize the impacts of EV charging. Hence, this study introduced a system that uses renewable energy sources (RES) like solar energy, biomass and battery for EV charging. Objective: This study intended to calculate the cost of the system design as well as variations in its cost during the usage on an annual basis. In addition, it used various energy conversion technologies such as solar panel, battery and biomass to find the effective source of energy for EV charging through the proposed novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm (OFA). Methodology: An initial setup is made that consists of number of buildings, overall load demand, ratings of EV charging, storage capacity, grid intake and solar panel. Then, the proposed novel OFA is used to find the count of EVs that gets charged from the charging stations and its choice of charging from the charging stations. The computation is performed on an annual basis for the cost, energy and count of EVs that arrive to the charging stations to get it charged. Results: The proposed methodology is used to compare the efficiency of the solar, biomass and battery efficiency in charging an EV through computation of Net present cost, Cost of Energy, EV savings and power generation. The results revealed that that the proposed system is effective than the traditional methods and effectively identified that the solar energy is the effective source for EV charging. Systems and Networking Scientific Communication Technical Communication Electrophysics Electric Vehicles Renewable Energy Resources Optimal Firefly Algorithm Annual cost and Charging Stations Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 09 Jul, 2021 Editor assigned by journal 30 Jun, 2021 First submitted to journal 29 Jun, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-665796","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":38524297,"identity":"79494b9d-5977-4a70-a4c8-3fc357de23fd","order_by":0,"name":"Nishant Kumar","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA9ElEQVRIiWNgGAWjYDACZgY2EJXAIMFgcCChAiTC3ECMFgOQFsMHD86ARBgJaGFAaDE2fNgGEiCgxZyd/dmDnzv+5JlLN2+TSJxXG83fDtTyo2IbTi2WzTzmhr1nDIot5xwrk0jcdjx3xmHGBsaeM7dxajE4zMMmwdtmkLjhRo4ZUMux3AagFmbGNnxa2J9J/oVrmXMsdz5hLQxm0lBbjA0SG2pyNxDWwmMmLdtmnLhzRlrhg4RjB3I3ArUcxOuX88efSb5tk0vcLpG84eCPmrrceecPH3zwowK3FoReCHUYTB4grB6hpY4oxaNgFIyCUTCyAAB9AV/p5uHF8QAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3869-1244","institution":"National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur","correspondingAuthor":true,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Nishant","middleName":"","lastName":"Kumar","suffix":""},{"id":38524298,"identity":"424cc05e-0ac1-4f0d-92c8-7c3ac586e9ba","order_by":1,"name":"Kumari Namrata","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"National Institute of Technology Jamshedpur","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Kumari","middleName":"","lastName":"Namrata","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2021-06-28 06:27:24","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-665796/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-665796/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":13657286,"identity":"aa4edc89-e581-4fa1-872e-c86a3af27d3e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-09-17 10:09:42","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":743745,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-665796/v1_covered.pdf"},{"id":11383201,"identity":"a4bf8ce4-52ae-4e22-881e-8f9f3749e24e","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2021-07-12 16:29:37","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":740088,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-665796/v1_covered.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"","formattedTitle":"Identification of Efficient Energy Source among Solar, Biomass and Battery for Electric Vehicle Charging using Novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm","fulltext":[{"header":"Full Text","content":"This preprint is available for \u003ca href='/article/rs-665796/latest.pdf' target='_blank'\u003edownload as a PDF\u003c/a\u003e."}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"wireless-personal-communications","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"wire","sideBox":"Learn more about [Wireless Personal Communications](https://www.springer.com/journal/11277)","snPcode":"11277","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/11277/3","title":"Wireless Personal Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"stoa","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"Electric Vehicles, Renewable Energy Resources, Optimal Firefly Algorithm, Annual cost and Charging Stations","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-665796/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-665796/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBackground: \u003c/strong\u003eThe EV (Electric Vehicles) is rapidly growing as a substitute to oil dependant vehicles to minimize the pollutant and greenhouse gas (GHS) emissions. Various charging schemes and grid integration techniques are introduced to minimize the impacts of EV charging. Hence, this study introduced a system that uses renewable energy sources (RES) like solar energy, biomass and battery for EV charging.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eObjective:\u003c/strong\u003e This study intended to calculate the cost of the system design as well as variations in its cost during the usage on an annual basis. In addition, it used various energy conversion technologies such as solar panel, battery and biomass to find the effective source of energy for EV charging through the proposed novel Optimal Firefly Algorithm (OFA). \u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMethodology: \u003c/strong\u003eAn initial setup is made that consists of number of buildings, overall load demand, ratings of EV charging, storage capacity, grid intake and solar panel. 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