Comparison of Screening Guidelines for Cardiovascular disease Prevention and Early Detection:a scoping review

ABSTRACT Objective Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) has a significant role in morbidity and early death. This review’s objective is to provide a summary of the strengths and weaknesses in the variety of screening guidelines made by several international organizations for the early identification and prevention of CVD. Methods As the reporting guideline for this review, we used Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). We performed a scoping review using a few guideline-specific databases. We tabulated the main key differences between the included screening guidelines for CVD prevention and early detection from different perspectives. Results We included a total of 20 unique guidelines that were developed by various organizations throughout the world and focused on screening for CVD prevention and early detection out of the 2,466 guidelines discovered by our search based on our eligibility criteria. We concluded that the target populations, CVD risk assessment techniques, outcomes, and categories of the chosen CVD prevention guidelines widely varied. Additionally, some guidelines adopted no grading scheme for their evidence, while others did not advocate the use of any imaging screening tools in their evaluation of the CVD risk. Conclusions This scoping review highlights the areas of each guideline’s strengths and weaknesses and conducts a systematic comparison of a number of worldwide guidelines for CVD prevention and early diagnosis. What is already known in this review? Based on the most recent evidence and consensus among experts, each nation creates its own set of guidelines for the early detection and prevention of CVD. What this review adds This review conducted a systematic comparison and summarized the strengths and weaknesses of the various screening guidelines made by numerous international organizations for the early detection and prevention of CVD. • How this review might affect research, practice or policy This review provided opportunities to improve the future development of the clinical practice guidelines for CVD prevention and early detection.