Design and Analysis of wide bandwidth Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial for Wi-Fi and Satellite Applications

Abstract In this paper, we report a novel design of wide bandwidth Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial (MTM) structure for Wi-Fi and Satellite Applications. Further, the geometrical parameters of the copper-based metamaterial on FR- 4 epoxy resin fiber substrate is optimized and analyzed for a triple-band operation in the frequency range of 0.1 GHz-16 GHz. The proposed design exhibits left-handed characteristics over the three (L, C and Ku) frequency bands in microwave regime. The electric field, magnetic field and surface current distribution of the proposed MTM unit has been studied at three resonance frequencies (𝑓𝑟) namely 1.4 GHz, 5.0 GHz and 14.8 GHz. The effective electromagnetic parameters for the MTM were calculated using the obtained Propagation (transmission and reflection) characteristics. The unit cell provides negative permittivity (𝜀𝑟 ) in the region 0.5-1 GHz and a broad negative permeability (𝜇𝑟 ) in the 9-16 GHz region. The structure exhibits a negative refractive index (𝜂𝑟 ) in the region 0.5-1 GHz, 3-3.5 GHz, and 9-12 GHz. The effects of dielectric materials, design parameters, resonator width (𝑤𝑟), substrate thickness (𝑡𝑠), middle gap width (r), and the influence of different metal conductors of unit cell on resonance frequencies were also investigated. The proposed design has an unprecedented effective medium ratio (EMR) value of 13.37, implying better effectiveness and compactness of the Quad ‘e’ mirror-shaped metamaterial. The designed structure could be extremely useful for design and development of compact wide bandwidth devices for Wi-Fi and satellite applications.