Vertical Distribution Characteristics of the Phenotypic Traits of High-Yielding Wheat Varieties Under Limited Irrigation and Nitrogen Supply

To clarify the vertical distribution characteristics of the phenotypic traits of high-yielding wheat varieties, the canopy was used as the system, with the leaf position and node position as the level, stratified from top to bottom. The morphological structure characteristics of the leaf layer, node layer and light transmittance of the high-yielding wheat varieties under limited irrigation and nitrogen supply were studied and discussed. The results showed that two-year test yield and nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency (NPF) were the highest in the spring irrigation at jointing and anthesis stages (W2) and 192 kg/hm2 (N1), which achieved high yield and efficient nitrogen utilization. With the decrease of the leaf layer from top to bottom, the leaf area of the two wheat varieties displayed a trend of being higher in the upper layer and lower in the lower layer, while the light transmittance showed a decreasing trend. As the node layer decreased from top to bottom, the node length of the two wheat varieties decreased sequentially. Comprehensive research suggested that appropriate irrigation and nitrogen input improved the vertical distribution characteristics of wheat phenotypic traits, and can obtain higher grain yield and nitrogen fertilizer production efficiency.