Successful Engraftment of HLA-matched Peripheral Hematopoietic-stem-cell Transplantation for Severe Aplastic Anemia With Multidrug-resistant Bacterial and Fungal Infections

Abstract Allogeneic hematopoietic-stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is relatively challenging for the patients with serious infection and intensifying complications. Patients often lost the timing of HSCT due to the poor health status. We report a rare case of successful engraftment of HLA -matched peripheral hematopoietic stem cells for a 15-year-old girl with severe aplastic anemia (SAA), suffering multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infection and fungal infections. With strong antibiotics and life support treatments, the patient received Cy + ATG precondition. The patient received cyclosporine A, methotrexate and mycophenolate for GVHD prophylaxis. Leukocyte and Platelet engraftment occurred on day + 15 and + 35 respectively. The patient’s blood routine test returned to normal on day + 72. The conditioning regimen was well tolerated by patient. Donor's engraftments were achieved successfully. The immunosuppressants were weaned off gradually. We hope this case's experience can be a reference for patients with SAA suffering severe infection on HSCT in future.