Effective methods for reactivating inactive blood donors: a stratified randomized controlled study

Effective methods for reactivating inactive blood donors: a stratified randomized controlled study | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research article Effective methods for reactivating inactive blood donors: a stratified randomized controlled study Jian OU-YANG, Chun-Hua BEI, Hua-Qin LIANG, Bo HE, Jin-Yan CHEN, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.2.13932/v2 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Apr, 2020 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 2 posted 6 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Abstract Background: Recruiting of sufficient numbers of donors of blood products is vital worldwide. In this study we assessed the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders for re-recruitment of inactive blood donors. Methods: This single-centre, non-blinded, parallel randomized controlled trial in Guangzhou, China included 11,880 inactive blood donors whose last donation was between January 1 and June 30, 2014. The donors were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups (telephone call or short message service [SMS] communications) or to a control group without intervention. SMS messages with altruistic appeal were adopted in the SMS group; in addition to altruistic appeal, reasons for deferral of blood donation were also asked in the telephone group. All participants were followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome was re-donation rate, and rates in different groups were compared by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and estimation of the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT). Secondary outcomes were the self-reported deterrents. Other outcomes included the re-donation interval, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of telephone calls and SMS reminders on re-recruitment. Results: ITT analysis revealed no significant differences in the re-donation rate among the three groups. ATT estimations indicated that among compliers, telephone calls significantly increased re-donation compared to both SMS reminders and no intervention. Donor return behaviour was positively associated with receiving reminders successfully, being male, older age, and previous donation history. The SMS reminder prompted donors to return sooner than no reminder within 6 months, and according to ICER calculations, SMS reminders were more cost-effective than telephone calls. Donors reported time constraints as the most main causes of self-deferral in the telephone group, and altruistic appeal had a positive effect on these donors. Conclusions: Interventions to reactivate inactive blood donors can be effective, with telephone calls prompting more donors to return but at a greater cost than SMS messages. SMS reminder with altruistic appeal can urge donors to re-donate sooner within 6 months than no reminder. Health Economics & Outcomes Research Health Policy Infectious Diseases Blood donation altruism inactive donors recruitment self-reported deterrents Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Background Blood products play a vital role in saving lives in a wide variety of medical conditions. Along with the rapid development of the economy and improvement of modern medicine in China, the demand for blood products has continued to grow. Many cities in China have faced a “blood shortage” dilemma, in which the blood supply cannot meet the clinical demand [1]. Therefore, effective strategies for recruiting sufficient numbers of blood donors are critically needed. It has been widely established that repeat donors have a lower transfusion-transmissible infection risk [2], and this reduced risk is maintained in donors who have not donated blood for 5 years. [3]. In addition, individuals with a previous donation experience are more likely to restart donations in the future than are first-time donors [2]. The approach of reactivating inactive donors is nonetheless challenging. The percentage of donations from repeat donors in China was reported to be 34-40% [4-6], which is lower than that in the United States (68%) [7] and that in England (55%)[8]. It is essential to determine effective methods for reactivating lapsed donors (defined as those who have made at least one donation within the last 24 months, but not within the previous 12 months) and inactive donors (those who have made at least one donation but have not donated within the previous 24 months) [9] in order to maintain an adequate blood supply. The most common and accessible reminders for promoting the return of blood donors include telephone calls, cell phone short message service (SMS) messages, mailings, and e-mails, which may help to support the intrinsic motivations of donors, thereby increasing their commitment to donation [10]. Aside from its wide availability, low cost, and convenience, SMS messaging has been proven to be an effective intervention for a variety of health behaviours [11, 12], including blood donation [13, 14]. Upon receiving SMS message, donors may recall positive feelings from previous blood donations, thus increasing their desire to repeat the experience [11]. However, instead of sending only generic information via SMS messages, telephone calls have the advantage of personalizing communication with donors. Godin et al. found that a first phone call reminder could encourage first-time donors to return [15]. Sinclair et al. reported that the use of an adapted motivational interview via telephone calling could increase the chance of future donation [10]. Donors also reviewed their donation experience in consideration of their wider motivations for giving and extended this line of thinking to problem-solving solutions to perceived barriers [10]. Eliminating the deterrents for inactive donors is a critical retention strategy. Research has shown that participants are more likely to donate again after they have been invited to report their reasons for not donating [16]. Reports from different countries have indicated that medical reasons, time constraints, fear (of needles/bleeding), and negative physical reactions are the most frequently self-reported deterrents among lapsed and inactive donors. [17-21]. Blood donors report multiple motivations for blood donation [22-26], and campaigns to encourage them to donate should focus on multiple perspectives for different groups. However, in the era of information overload, SMS messaging has the disadvantage of being easily ignored by recipients; hence, the recruitment message needs to be short and simple to understand. Altruistic appeal is a common and acceptable way of recruiting blood donors, which has been widely adopted in various campaigns. Therefore, in the present study, SMS messages with an altruistic appeal that emphasized “saving a life” were sent in an attempt to re-recruit inactive blood donors. Meanwhile, telephone calls were made to re-recruit inactive donors by calling them with not only an altruistic appeal but also questions regarding the reasons why they stopped and providing corresponding solutions. The objective of this stratified, randomized controlled trials was to assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS messages for blood donor re-recruitment. A secondary objective was to explore the self-reported reasons for deferral among donors who received the telephone call. Other aims included evaluating donor return according to demographic characteristics, the time to return among the different interventions, and the cost of telephone calls versus SMS messages to former blood donors. Methods Study design, setting and participants The Guangzhou Blood Center is one of the largest blood centres in China along with the Beijing and Shanghai Centers. A total of 263,681 donors donated blood during 2014, of which 179,964 (68.3%) then became inactive and 83,717 (31.7%) donated again before 2016 [27]. This single-centre, non-blinded parallel randomized controlled trial involved two intervention groups (telephone or SMS reminders) and a no-intervention control group. Figure 1 shows a flow chart of the study design. During the experiment period, donors who had donated blood after July 1, 2014 were continuing to receive phone call and/or SMS reminders occasionally from Guangzhou Blood Center. Therefore, in order to avoid contaminations, both whole blood and apheresis platelet donors whose last donations were between January 1 and June 30, 2014 were eligible for the screening. The age range for blood donors in mainland China is 18-55 years. Those aged above 50 years old were excluded from the screening based on the previous finding that most older individuals are unlikely to donate again due to physical reasons [28]. All data were provided by the Guangzhou Blood Center through the Blood Donation and Supply System [27]. The calculated sample size needed for each group was 2,252 [29], and in order to better detect significant differences and balance the sample size in each tier, the actual sample size was 3,960 in each group (11,880 total). All participants were stratified into 18 tiers by age (20-30, 31-40, and 41-50 years), gender (male and female), and frequency of prior donation, which refers to number of times a donor donated before becoming inactive (one time, two or three times, and four times or more). Based on a computer-generated list of random numbers, the first 220 eligible participants in each tier were assigned to the telephone group, the 221 st to 440 th were assigned to the SMS group, and the 441 st to 660 th were assigned to the control group. Interventions and endpoint The experimental period lasted from October 20 to November 10, 2016. The details of the recruitment method were described in the pilot study [29]. The start time was set at the day that an intervention was made. Telephone call reminder Telephone interviews were conducted over a 1-month period by two interviewers (O-Y and BEI, staff members at the Guangzhou Blood Center with the responsibility of blood donor recruitment). The interviews were conducted using pre-designed questionnaires and lasted 2.4-21.3 min (mean±SD, 4.8±1.2 min). Prior to this study, the interviewers summarized the barriers to donation frequently mentioned by participants in the pilot study [29], discussed the challenges that arose during the interviews, reviewed the optimal response techniques, and practiced via role playing to ensure adherence to the script. Donors who could not be reached by telephone because the phone number was wrong were marked as non-responders. Donors with a disconnected phone line or who did not answer were called two more times on subsequent days before being classified as “no answer”. Donors who answered the phone but refused the interview request were marked as “refusal”. All participants, including those marked as non-responders, no answer, and refusal, were further followed up as described below. After contact was successfully made, a brief and scripted interview was delivered with the donors’ permission (Additional file 1). SMS reminder In the SMS group, participants received a text message making an altruistic appeal. As follow: “Dear donors, Thank you for your donation through which your love brought hope to those helpless patients and your donated blood reignited the fire in their lives. If you can, please consider donating blood again to save a life. Thank you again for your support!” The message was sent via the SMS platform of the Guangzhou Blood Center. Message receipts, which stated if a message was received successfully or not were retrieved from the SMS platform within 48 hours. All participants, whether they received the message or not, remained on the list for further follow-up as described below. Follow-up and outcome measures The donation activity of each participant was followed for 365 days from the recruitment day. All participants could be followed via the Blood Donation and Supply System in which their blood donation records in Guangzhou could be checked. The primary outcome was to identify the occurrence of the first next blood donation attempt among all participants within the 1-year follow-up and evaluate the return rates according to donor characteristics (gender, age and past donation frequency). A participant was classified as a re-activated donor if he/she made at least one subsequent donation by the end of the 1-year follow-up period; otherwise, the donor was classified as “no return”. The secondary outcomes were the main self-reported reasons for deferral given by donors during the telephone calls. Other outcomes included the re-donation interval for each group after recruitment, the efficacy of each intervention, and the cost-effectiveness of telephone calls versus SMS reminders on re-recruitment. Statistical analysis The database and foundation for analyses were established by recoding data in an Excel software (2013, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) file and importing into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS Statistics version 23 for Windows, SPSS Inc., Armonk, NY, USA) and The R Project for Statistical Computing (R version 3.6.1). For intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, the re-donation rate was calculated by dividing the number of participants who donated again during the follow-up period by the corresponding number of initially randomized donors. Because of the large disparity in the intervention received rates between the two interventional groups, the ITT result might have masked a true effect on the re-donation rate among those who received reminders as intended. Therefore, estimation of the effects of the interventions on inactive blood donors while accounting for compliance with assigned intervention was also conducted. Previous studies defined four compliance types on the basis of individuals’ treatment assignment status and potential treatment receipt status [30-32]. In this study, strict adherence to the intervention assignment meant that those in the control group did not receive any telephone call or SMS message; meanwhile, participants in the telephone group did not receive an SMS message and vice versa. Thus, in this case, there were no directly observed always-takers (defined as those who will always implement the treatment, regardless of the group to which they are assigned), nor defiers (defined as those who will not implement if assigned to the treatment group but will implement if assigned to the control group). The participants did include compliers (defined as those who will implement the treatment when assigned to the treatment group but will not implement if assigned to the control group) and those could still be never-takers (defined as those who will never implement, regardless of the treatment assignment). In other words, this was a one-sided non-compliance situation, with only compliers (who received the telephone or SMS reminders successfully in the intervention groups, and who were in the control group) and never-takers (who failed to receive the telephone or SMS reminders in the intervention groups) [33]. Therefore, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) were also estimated [33]. Chi-square test was used to identify statistical differences of the re-donation rate among groups and conduct paired comparisons between contact methods, and Bonferroni correction was applied. R Package “ATE” was used to estimate the ATT the ATT among compliers under the intervention and control conditions (random assignment was used as an instrumental variable that telephone or SMS group coded as 1, control group coded as 0; complier in the telephone or SMS group was coded as 1, never-taker and those in the control group were coded as 0). The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether the re-donation intervals within 30, 90, 180, 270 and 365 days were affected by different reminders, and Mann-Whitney U test was applied for comparisons of two groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were adopted to identify associations of donor characteristics with donor return behaviour to determine the best predictors of future donation; odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was applied to compare the cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders. All hypothesized differences were considered statistically significant if the P -values from two-tailed tests were < 0.05. Ethics considerations All procedures were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center. The registration ID for this study on ClinicalTrial.gov is: NCT03366441. This study is reported according to the CONSORT guidelines (Additional file 2). Results Study Participants Twenty-nine donors in the telephone group, 37 in the SMS group, and 26 in the control group found to have donated blood before the day of recruitment. They were all excluded and replaced by an equal number of matched participants in the same tier. In the telephone group, 40% of the participants were successfully interviewed, 20.8% could not be reached due to an incorrect number, 36.1% did not answer the phone and 3.1% refused to participate. Since the rate at which lapsed blood donors answered telephone interviews from Guangzhou Blood Center was 35-45%, the response rate in the present study was close to the real percentage [27]. In the SMS group, 79.3% participants received the message successfully, and 20.7% did not (successful intervention rates in telephone and SMS groups: 40.0% vs. 79.3%, P <0.001). Interventions Effects of interventions on donor return For ITT analysis, the re-donation rates were 8.1% (n = 322) in the telephone group, 8.5% (n = 337) in the SMS group, and 7.4% (n = 291) in the control group. Chi-square test showed no significant difference in the re-donation rates among the three groups ( P = 0.154). The re-donation rates within compliers in the telephone and SMS groups were 11.7% (185/1583) and 8.6% (270/3142), respectively. Table 1 shows the ATT estimation results that among those who received the intervention successfully, the telephone call was estimated to significantly increase re-donation by 2.3 percentage points compared to SMS reminder, and by 6.0 compared to no intervention. Interaction between covariates and receipt of reminders on donor return Table 2 summarizes the basic information of the reactivated donors. Logistic regression analysis showed that donors who were older, those with a larger donation frequency before recruitment, or those who accepted the interventions successfully were more likely to re-donate (Table 3). Table 4 indicates the associations of re-donation and donors who were successfully interviewed, received the message and were in the control group. Donor return behaviour was positively associated with receiving reminders, being male, being of older age, and having a previous donation history. Among those participants who were successfully contacted, older donors (1.02, CI: 1.00–1.04, P =0.019) and those with a greater past donation frequency (1.08, CI: 1.03–1.13, P =0.001) in the telephone group; as well as male donors (1.33, CI: 1.03–1.71, P =0.028) and those with a greater past donation frequency (1.11, CI: 1.07–1.16, P <0.001) in the SMS group were more likely to return. Impact of reminders on time to return Table 5 shows the 1-year re-donation intervals for the three groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in the time to re-donation only within a 180-day interval among the three groups ( P =0.023), but not within the other intervals (data not shown). The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that participants returned to donate sooner in the SMS group (76.7±50.9) than those in the control group (90.9±51.2) within the 180-day interval ( Z =2.730, P =0.006). Cost-effectiveness of telephone and SMS reminders The ICERs for the telephone and SMS reminders were evaluated from the bottom-up approach. In the telephone group, all interviews were completed in 7,694 minutes, while recruiters waited on hold three times for a total of 7,131 minutes. The hourly pay for one recruiter was RMB¥60 in the Guangzhou Blood Center, and therefore, the cost was RMB¥1 for a recruiter to work for 1 minute. The telephone merchant charged RMB¥0.22 for the first 3 minutes and RMB¥0.11 for every 1 minute thereafter for one call, whereas answering a call was free of charge. Thus, it cost RMB¥678.6 totally for 1,583 calls. The average cost per participant in this group was: (See Equation 1 in the Supplementary Files) In the SMS group, it took 5 minutes for one recruiter to send all the messages. The system maintenance cost for the automatic message sending system is RMB¥2523 per year, and the SMS operator charges RMB¥0.05 for each message successfully sent. Thus, the total cost was RMB¥157.1 for sending 3,142 messages successfully. The average cost per participant in this group was: (see Equation 2 in the Supplementary Files) Table 6 presents the ICER estimation results, which indicated that the SMS reminder was more cost-effective than the telephone call. Self-reported reasons for blood donation deferral The distribution of self-reported reasons for deferral is shown in Figure 2. Those who reported time constraints were more likely to return after a phone call reminder than those who claimed other deterrents (14.2% vs. 10.6%, P = 0.037). Medical reasons included multiple different causes (Table 7). Donors who believed they had an inadequate health status were not able to reveal more specific details. Group-sponsored donation is a special form of donation in China, which is defined as blood donation organized by universities, companies, governmental agencies and any other groups. Seventy-seven (43.0%) former donors who had donated during a group-sponsored event had not donated again because they had missed the blood donation activity organized by their affiliation, 66 (36.9%) did not donate again because their affiliations stopped organizing the blood donation activity, and 36 (20.1%) reported that they did not re-donate because there is no “quota” for them to donate. Donors who simply did not want to donate again did not provide more information even when they were further asked about the reasons. Among the “other reasons”, “adverse reaction” was reported by the highest percentage of donors (23/60, 38.3%). Table 8 compares the willingness of former donors to re-donate and the actual re-donation rates according to the different self-reported deterrents to re-donation. Discussion Blood donor retention and re-enrolment are critical for the collection of a sufficient blood supply but are challenges in clinical practice. The use of a stratified, randomized trial design in the present study allowed us to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone call and SMS message reminders for prompting inactive blood donors to donate blood again. Altruism, as a genuine part of human nature, has been found to be the most frequent motivator driving people to donate blood [23-25]. In the SMS group, inactive donors received a short text message on their cell phones that contained an altruistic appeal that emphasized how they could “save a life”, and in the telephone group, in addition to the altruistic appeal, inactive donors were also questioned about the reasons why they stopped donating and provided corresponding solutions according to their answers. ITT analysis showed that the differences in the re-donation rates among all participants in the three groups were not statistically significant. ATT estimations revealed that among those who received the interventions successfully, the telephone call was more effective than the SMS reminder or no intervention. Our results also showed that donor reactivation was positively associated with receiving reminders. Moreover, participants in the SMS group returned to donate sooner than control participants ( P =0.006) within 6 months and based on the calculated ICERs, SMS reminders were more cost-effective than telephone calls. In summary, interventions to promote inactive donors’ return to give blood are appropriate. As mentioned above, an altruistic (‘save a life’) message was used in the SMS group in this study, because that help-seeking message can evoke empathy, create positive emotional feelings in the reader and connect them to the recipient of their help, which eventually increases helpful behaviour [34]. Nonetheless, it has been proven that blood donation is driven by multiple motives [22, 23, 35], and the results of the present study suggest that a message with an altruistic appeal might not be strong enough to prompt action among donors. Gemelli et al. found that sending a personalized post-donation message was effective for retaining donors [14]. Notably, the SMS messages sent via the Guangzhou Blood Center automatic message sending system are all personalized. After donation each donor receives a message including his/her name, blood type and blood test results confirming their eligibility to donate (donors who are ineligible are informed by phone call). Therefore, the message sent for the purpose of recruiting inactive blood donors becomes personalized if sent via the automatic message sending system, which might increase the re-donation rate. Moreover, male donors or those with a greater past donation frequency were more likely to return after they received a message with an altruistic appeal, and thus, SMS reminders can be used to target these donors. The SMS reminder is overall an effective and convenient strategy for reactivating inactive donors, with the additional advantage of being cost-effective. After the study period, SMS messages were also sent to those who could not be reached in the telephone group and those in the control group. Although the successful contact rate for the telephone group was much lower than that for the SMS group, the donors in the telephone group were more likely to return once they received the call successfully. Moreover, the effect was greater on those with a higher past donation frequency and older donors. Previous studies proved that the number of previous returns of a donor is positively associated with future return [6]. As more donations are made, the perception of oneself as a donor becomes internalized and serves as a motivating force for repeat donation [36]. Blood donors who gave more than 4 donations a year considered blood donation as an act of altruism and promised to continue donating blood in the absence of benefits and rewards [37]. Therefore, altruistic appeal, by either telephone or SMS reminder, was effective for these donors. In this study, we not only used an altruistic appeal but also communicated with the donors to better understand their self-reported reasons for blood donation deferral. The altruistic appeal via the telephone call had a significantly greater positive effect on those who reported time constraints than on those who claimed other deterrents kept them from donating again, and in multiple studies, time constraints were the most frequently stated factor preventing donors from continuing to donate blood [21, 38, 39]. One study found that people believed that spending time on blood donation had no more or less value than any other moment in their day [17]. They might have a positive attitude towards a request for blood donation, but did not take corresponding action due to a lack of urgency or motivation [40]. When we mentioned the idea of “saving a life” to emphasize the urgency of the need as well as revisit their original motivation for donating, they returned to donate. Therefore, blood donation agencies should make efforts to minimize the time required for donation, to implement more extensive and flexible opening hours, and also to convince donors of the importance of donation. An altruistic appeal could not effectively reactivate those who reported medical reasons for their donation deferral. Self-perceived inadequate health status, adverse reaction to blood donation, and becoming unhealthy after blood donation represented particular barriers to blood donation and seem to have similarities in China and other countries. In the Chinese traditional culture, people believe that blood is vital to human life (the Mother of Qi) and loss of blood equates to ruining one’s constitution [41]. Once donors experience adverse events or even they simply feel tired after donation, they likely deem that they experienced substantial detrimental effects or long-term consequences from blood donation. In addition, some donors may have mentioned medical barriers as a "false" reason that is more socially acceptable than stating that they do not have time [38]. To develop a strategy to recruit these donors, more specific psychological research should be carried out. Blood donors in China typically fit into one of two types: those who spontaneously donate at blood collection sites, and those who donate through a group donation. State-owned and state-run enterprises and governmental agencies will compensate workers with either subsidies (small amounts of money for nutritional supplementation) or a few days off (with or without paid vacation), and hence, some groups will limit the number of donors. In light of these findings, the objectives of group donors for blood donation might include a combination of motives, such as modestly self-serving incentives, instead of pure altruism. In addition, with the convenience of the donation process occurring at ones’ place of work, donors do not perceive blood donation as time-consuming or something that must be done too far away. According to these factors, individuals rarely donate again at blood collection sites, if their group stops organizing a blood donation activity or has no quota. In the present study, most group donors refused to donate at blood collection sites because they thought it too inconvenient, but they would donate again at their group. Our study has some limitations. First, we only used an altruistic appeal in the SMS group, and altruism might not be the main driver for blood donation. Further research using different messages to re-recruit donors is needed to determine which type of message is the optimal intervention. Secondly, telephone and SMS reminders are different interventions, and thus, we cannot determine precisely which factor prompted the donors to return. Future research that explores how inactive donors interact with the interventions is needed to determine which factor is more effective. Moreover, even with delivery confirmation receipts, as available in newer smartphones, one cannot know with certainty that messages were read and understood. In addition, just as we mentioned above, donation records from outside of Guangzhou could not be confirmed. Therefore, the donation frequency history for inactive donors might not be correct, and the re-donation rate, especially for those who cited moving out of Guangzhou as a deterrent, might be underestimated. Conclusions In conclusion, inactive blood donors may be encouraged to re-donate after receiving telephone calls or SMS reminders. Telephone calls may be more effective than SMS messages for reactivating inactive donors, but the effectiveness of each method must be weighed with the corresponding costs. More detailed studies are needed to evaluate the effects of the contents of the SMS message for reactivating inactive donors. Moreover, future studies should also focus on strategies for re-recruiting those who stopped donating because of a self-perception of inadequate health status. List of Abbreviations ITT: intention-to-treat; ATT: average treatment effect on the treated; ICER: incremental cost-effectiveness ratio Declarations Ethic approval and consent to participate All procedures were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center (Approval Number: GZBC20161001). Oral informed consents were only retrieved from donors in telephone group but not in other two groups, since it was a low-risk study comparing operational recruitment techniques that would have been applied to the donors in any case, except for randomization; besides all data were processed anonymously. The ethics committee (The Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center) approved of the verbal consent procedure for participants in telephone group, and waiving the need for consent for the other two groups. All donors were not informed of the study goals or provided explanations about the nature of the interventions, otherwise they might have changed their return behaviour and thus compromised the results of the study. The Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center also approved these. The registration ID for this study on ClinicalTrial.gov is: NCT03366441. Consent for publication Not applicable. Availability of data and material The datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request. Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Funding This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province 2019 (General Program: 2019A1515011505), the Western Medicine Guide Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Guangzhou Municipality (20161A010073), the Major Project of Health Bureau of Guangzhou (20141A031001), the Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Science Technology and Innovation Commission (201509010009) and The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou. The funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. Authors’ contributions OYJ and BCH did the recruitment and led the data analysis. OYJ wrote the first draft of the manuscript. FYS led the coding of the key messages. HB and CJY aided in data analysis. RX and LHQ were involved in critically revising the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript. Acknowledgements The author thanks Mr. HE Jun who supported this project. 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Czeizler A, Garbarino E: Give blood today or save lives tomorrow: Matching decision and message construal level to maximize blood donation intentions . Health marketing quarterly 2017, 34 (3):175-186. Guangzhou Blood Center: PAss Aladdin System . In . : Passsoft CO. LTD.; 2017. LIU Z: Analysis of populational distribution status in Haixi City from 2006 to 2010 ( in Chinese) . Qinghai Medical Journal 2012, 42 (5):65-66. Ou-Yang J, He B, Rong X, Bei CH: Can inactive blood donors be re-recruited? A stratified randomised pilot study . Transfusion medicine 2017, 27 (6):421-427. Angrist JD, Imbens GW, Rubin DB: Identification of Causal Effects Using Instrumental Variables . Journal of the American Statistical Association 1996, 91 (434):444-455. Holland PW: Statistics and Causal Inference . Journal of the American Statistical Association 2012, 81 (396):945-970. Frangakis CE, Rubin DB: Principal stratification in causal inference . Biometrics 2015, 58 (1):21-29. 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Tables Table 1 Average treatment effect on the treated estimations among three groups Point Estimate Standard Error 95% CI Z P Telephone vs. SMS 0.023 0.008 0.007, 0.038 2.885 0.004 Telephone vs. Control 0.060 0.009 0.041, 0.078 6.363 <0.001 SMS vs. Control 0.004 0.011 -0.017, 0.025 0.372 0.710 Table 2 Summary of reactivated donors among all participants in the three groups Telephone group -1 SMS group -2 Control group -3 P 1 vs. 2 1 vs. 3 2 vs. 3 Gender Male 164 (51.1) 186 (55.2) 158 (54.3) 0.292 0.428 0.822 Female 157 (48.9) 151 (44.8) 133 (45.7) Age, years* 36.8±8.0 37.0±8.0 37.3±7.5 0.873 0.203 0.150 Previous donations, n* 4.8±6.5 4.5±3.5 4.4±3.1 0.250 0.167 0.597 Type of re-donation Whole blood 306 (95.3) 328 (97.3) 282 (96.9) 0.003 0.363 0.388 Apheresis platelet 15 (4.7) 9 (2.7) 9 (3.1) Additional donations, n 1 291 (90.7) 305 (90.5) 269 (92.4) 0.213 0.318 0.752 ≥2 30 (9.3) 32 (9.5) 22 (7.6) Data presented as no. (%), unless otherwise stated. *Data presented as mean ± standard deviation. Table 3 Logistic regression analysis of associations of groups, donor characteristics, and intervention status with re-donation among all participants OR (95% CI) 1 vs. 2 vs. 3 OR (95% CI) 1 vs. 2 OR (95% CI) 1 vs 3 OR (95% CI) 2 vs. 3 Group Telephone call-1 0.92 (0.76, 1.11) 1.10 (0.93, 1.31) 0.80 (0.55, 1.00) - SMS-2 0.83 (0.66, 1.04) reference - 1.17 (0.89, 1.55) Control-3 reference - reference reference Gender Male 1.14 (0.99, 1.31) 1.13 (0.96, 1.33) 1.10 (0.93, 1.30) 1.20 (1.02, 1.41) * Female reference reference reference reference Age 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) ** 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) ** 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) ** 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) ** Donation history 1.08 (1.06, 1.10) ** 1.11 (1.08, 1.13) ** 1.07 (1.05, 1.09) ** 1.06 (1.04, 1.08) ** Status of intervention # Successful 1.56 (1.30, 1.88) ** 1.56 (1.29, 1.88) ** 2.01 (1.60, 2.55) ** 1.02 (0.77, 1.35) Failed reference reference reference reference Coding: Telephone call = 1, SMS = 2, Control = 3; Male = 1, Female = 2; Status of intervention (Successful) =1, (Failed/Control) = 2 #: Referred to those who accepted the interventions successfully; *: P <0.05; **: P <0.001 Table 4 Logistic regression analysis of associations of groups and donor characteristics with donor reactivation among those who were successfully contacted OR (95% CI) 1 vs. 2 vs. 3 OR (95% CI) 1 vs. 2 OR (95% CI) 1 vs 3 OR (95% CI) 2 vs. 3 Group Telephone call-1 1.63 (1.34, 1.98) ** 1.33 (1.09, 1.63) ** 1.62 (1.33, 1.97) ** - SMS-2 1.20 (1.00, 1.43) * reference - 1.20 (1.01, 1.43) * Control-3 reference - reference reference Gender Male 1.25 (1.07, 1.45) * 1.28 (1.05, 1.56) * 1.19 (0.99, 1.44) 1.24 (1.04, 1.48) * Female reference Reference reference Reference Age 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) ** 1.01 (1.00, 1.03) * 1.03 (1.02, 1.04) ** 1.02 (1.10, 1.03) ** Donation history 1.06 (1.04, 1.08) ** 1.10 (1.06, 1.13) ** 1.05 (1.03, 1.07) ** 1.06 (1.04, 1.08) ** Coding: Telephone call = 1, SMS = 2, Control = 3; Male = 1, Female = 2 *: P <0.05; **: P <0.001 Table 5 Donors’ 1-year re-donation intervals (in days) among the three groups (mean ± SD) Intervals for reactivated donors who were enrolled Intervals for reactivated donors who were successfully contacted Telephone group 1 to 365 (157.4 ± 102.8) 1 to 365 (163.3 ± 95.8) SMS group 1 to 365 (141.5 ± 102.7) 1 to 365 (155.5 ± 101.4) Control group 1 to 365 (151.7 ± 99.2) Not applicable Table 6 Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio estimations of telephone and SMS groups Cost per participant (C) (RMB¥) Effectiveness (E) (%) D C D E Ratio ( D C/ D E) Control group - 7.4 - - - Telephone group 3.9 8.1 3.9 0.007 557.1 SMS group 0.7 8.4 0.7 0.010 70 Table 7 Medical reasons for the lack of re-donation reported by donors who were successfully contacted by telephone (n, %) Self-perception of inadequate health status 197 (40.8) Pregnancy/lactation 124 (25.7) Confirmed diagnosis of severe disease 43 (8.8) Self-perception as being too old to donate 42 (8.7) Becoming unhealthy after blood donation 33 (6.8) Confirmed diagnosis of anaemia 23 (4.8) Other temporary reasons for deferral* 21 (4.3) *Other temporary reasons for deferral included reasons such as ineligible weight, menstrual disorder etc. Table 8 Summary of willingness to re-donate and re-donation status of donors contacted by telephone according to the different reported reasons for deferral (n, %) Total Willing to re-donate Not willing to re-donate Uncertain Actually re-donated Time constraints 485 444 (91.5) 5 (1.0) 36 (7.4) 69 (14.2) Medical reasons 483 266 (55.1) 150 (61.0) 67 (13.9) 37 (7.7) Self-perception of inadequate health status (unrelated to donation) 197 125 (63.5) 38 (19.3) 31(15.7) 20 (8.7) Pregnancy/lactation 124 101(81.4) 7 (5.6) 16 (12.9) 5 (4.0) Self-perception as being too old to donate 42 14 (33.3) 14 (33.3) 14 (33.3) 3 (7.1) Becoming unhealthy after blood donation (related to donation) 33 7 (21.2) 22 (66.7) 4 (12.1) 3 (9.1) Moving away from Guangzhou 195 55 (28.2) 136 (69.7) 4 (2.1) 18 (9.3) Group-sponsored donation 179 160 (89.4) 7 (3.9) 12 (6.7) 26 (14.5) Not wanting to donate again 65 25 (38.5) 21 (32.3) 19 (29.2) 6 (7.7) Being far away from blood collection locations 56 53 (94.6) 1 (1.8) 2 (3.6) 12 (21.4) Forgetting to donate 31 30 (96.8) 1 (3.2) 0 (0.0) 6 (19.4) Inability to be prioritized to receive blood 27 8 (29.6) 15 (55.6) 4 (14.8) 4 (14.8) Adverse reaction 23 3 (12.5) 2 (8.7) 18 (75.0) 1 (4.2) Additional Files - Additional file 1 - Interview script and examples of responses - Contents are the recruitment message scripts of the telephone groups. - Additional file 2 - CONSORT 2010 checklist of information to include when reporting a randomised trial - Contents are the CONSORT 2010 checklists of this study. Supplementary Files Equation1.jpg BMCAdditionalfile2.doc Equation2.jpg BMCAdditionalfile1.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 10 Apr, 2020 Read the published version in BMC Public Health → Version 2 posted Review # 1 received at journal 05 Mar, 2020 Reviewer # 1 agreed at journal 18 Dec, 2019 Editor assigned by journal 09 Dec, 2019 Reviewers invited by journal 09 Dec, 2019 Submission checks completed at journal 08 Dec, 2019 Editor invited by journal 08 Dec, 2019 You are reading this latest preprint version Show more versions Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4634","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":249958,"identity":"2f0f9127-358b-4dec-9a79-daeafa494a9b","order_by":1,"name":"Jian OU-YANG","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"PLA North Military Command Region General Hospital","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jian","middleName":"","lastName":"OU-YANG","suffix":""},{"id":249959,"identity":"493b8383-d7bf-4c7b-9338-0fa74068d027","order_by":2,"name":"Chun-Hua BEI","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Guangzhou Blood 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variety of medical conditions. Along with the rapid development of the economy and improvement of modern medicine in China, the demand for blood products has continued to grow. Many cities in China have faced a \u0026ldquo;blood shortage\u0026rdquo; dilemma, in which the blood supply cannot meet the clinical demand [1]. Therefore, effective strategies for recruiting sufficient numbers of blood donors are critically needed. It has been widely established that repeat donors have a lower transfusion-transmissible infection risk [2], and this reduced risk is maintained in donors who have not donated blood for 5 years. [3]. In addition, individuals with a previous donation experience are more likely to restart donations in the future than are first-time donors [2]. The approach of reactivating inactive donors is nonetheless challenging. The percentage of donations from repeat donors in China was reported to be 34-40% [4-6], which is lower than that in the United States (68%) [7] and that in England (55%)[8]. It is essential to determine effective methods for reactivating lapsed donors (defined as those who have made at least one donation within the last 24 months, but not within the previous 12 months) and inactive donors (those who have made at least one donation but have not donated within the previous 24 months) [9] in order to maintain an adequate blood supply.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most common and accessible reminders for promoting the return of blood donors include telephone calls, cell phone short message service (SMS) messages, mailings, and e-mails, which may help to support the intrinsic motivations of donors, thereby increasing their commitment to donation [10]. Aside from its wide availability, low cost, and convenience, SMS messaging has been proven to be an effective intervention for a variety of health behaviours [11, 12], including blood donation [13, 14]. Upon receiving SMS message, donors may recall positive feelings from previous blood donations, thus increasing their desire to repeat the experience [11]. However, instead of sending only generic information via SMS messages, telephone calls have the advantage of personalizing communication with donors. Godin \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e found that a first phone call reminder could encourage first-time donors to return [15]. Sinclair \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e reported that the use of an adapted motivational interview \u003cem\u003evia\u003c/em\u003e telephone calling could increase the chance of future donation [10]. Donors also reviewed their donation experience in consideration of their wider motivations for giving and extended this line of thinking to problem-solving solutions to perceived barriers [10].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEliminating the deterrents for inactive donors is a critical retention strategy. Research has shown that participants are more likely to donate again after they have been invited to report their reasons for not donating [16]. Reports from different countries have indicated that medical reasons, time constraints, fear (of needles/bleeding), and negative physical reactions are the most frequently self-reported deterrents among lapsed and inactive donors. [17-21].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlood donors report multiple motivations for blood donation [22-26], and campaigns to encourage them to donate should focus on multiple perspectives for different groups. However, in the era of information overload, SMS messaging has the disadvantage of being easily ignored by recipients; hence, the recruitment message needs to be short and simple to understand. Altruistic appeal is a common and acceptable way of recruiting blood donors, which has been widely adopted in various campaigns. Therefore, in the present study, SMS messages with an altruistic appeal that emphasized \u0026ldquo;saving a life\u0026rdquo; were sent in an attempt to re-recruit inactive blood donors. Meanwhile, telephone calls were made to re-recruit inactive donors by calling them with not only an altruistic appeal but also questions regarding the reasons why they stopped and providing corresponding solutions.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe objective of this stratified, randomized controlled trials was to assess the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS messages for blood donor re-recruitment. A secondary objective was to explore the self-reported reasons for deferral among donors who received the telephone call. Other aims included evaluating donor return according to demographic characteristics, the time to return among the different interventions, and the cost of telephone calls versus SMS messages to former blood donors.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Methods","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy design, setting and participants\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Guangzhou Blood Center is one of the largest blood centres in China along with the Beijing and Shanghai Centers. A total of 263,681 donors donated blood during 2014, of which 179,964 (68.3%) then became inactive and 83,717 (31.7%) donated again before 2016 [27].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis single-centre, non-blinded parallel randomized controlled trial involved two intervention groups (telephone or SMS reminders) and a no-intervention control group. Figure 1 shows a flow chart of the study design. During the experiment period, donors who had donated blood after July 1, 2014 were continuing to receive phone call and/or SMS reminders occasionally from Guangzhou Blood Center. Therefore, in order to avoid contaminations, both whole blood and apheresis platelet donors whose last donations were between January 1 and June 30, 2014 were eligible for the screening. The age range for blood donors in mainland China is 18-55 years. Those aged above 50 years old were excluded from the screening based on the previous finding that most older individuals are unlikely to donate again due to physical reasons [28]. All data were provided by the Guangzhou Blood Center through the Blood Donation and Supply System [27].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe calculated sample size needed for each group was 2,252 [29], and in order to better detect significant differences and balance the sample size in each tier, the actual sample size was 3,960 in each group (11,880 total). All participants were stratified into 18 tiers by age (20-30, 31-40, and 41-50 years), gender (male and female), and frequency of prior donation, which refers to number of times a donor donated before becoming inactive (one time, two or three times, and four times or more). Based on a computer-generated list of random numbers, the first 220 eligible participants in each tier were assigned to the telephone group, the 221\u003csup\u003est\u003c/sup\u003e to 440\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e were assigned to the SMS group, and the 441\u003csup\u003est\u003c/sup\u003e to 660\u003csup\u003eth\u003c/sup\u003e were assigned to the control group.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterventions and endpoint\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe experimental period lasted from October 20 to November 10, 2016. The details of the recruitment method were described in the pilot study [29]. The start time was set at the day that an intervention was made.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eTelephone call reminder\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTelephone interviews were conducted over a 1-month period by two interviewers (O-Y and BEI, staff members at the Guangzhou Blood Center with the responsibility of blood donor recruitment). The interviews were conducted using pre-designed questionnaires and lasted 2.4-21.3 min (mean\u0026plusmn;SD, 4.8\u0026plusmn;1.2 min). Prior to this study, the interviewers summarized the barriers to donation frequently mentioned by participants in the pilot study [29], discussed the challenges that arose during the interviews, reviewed the optimal response techniques, and practiced via role playing to ensure adherence to the script.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDonors who could not be reached by telephone because the phone number was wrong were marked as non-responders. Donors with a disconnected phone line or who did not answer were called two more times on subsequent days before being classified as \u0026ldquo;no answer\u0026rdquo;. Donors who answered the phone but refused the interview request were marked as \u0026ldquo;refusal\u0026rdquo;. All participants, including those marked as non-responders, no answer, and refusal, were further followed up as described below. After contact was successfully made, a brief and scripted interview was delivered with the donors\u0026rsquo; permission (Additional file 1).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eSMS reminder\u0026nbsp; \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u0026nbsp;In the SMS group, participants received a text message making an altruistic appeal. As follow:\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026ldquo;Dear donors,\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThank you for your donation through which your love brought hope to those helpless patients and your donated blood reignited the fire in their lives. If you can, please consider donating blood again to save a life. \u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eThank you again for your support!\u0026rdquo;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe message was sent via the SMS platform of the Guangzhou Blood Center. Message receipts, which stated if a message was received successfully or not were retrieved from the SMS platform within 48 hours. All participants, whether they received the message or not, remained on the list for further follow-up as described below.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eFollow-up and outcome measures\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe donation activity of each participant was followed for 365 days from the recruitment day. All participants could be followed via the Blood Donation and Supply System in which their blood donation records in Guangzhou could be checked. The primary outcome was to identify the occurrence of the first next blood donation attempt among all participants within the 1-year follow-up and evaluate the return rates according to donor characteristics (gender, age and past donation frequency). A participant was classified as a re-activated donor if he/she made at least one subsequent donation by the end of the 1-year follow-up period; otherwise, the donor was classified as \u0026ldquo;no return\u0026rdquo;. The secondary outcomes were the main self-reported reasons for deferral given by donors during the telephone calls. Other outcomes included the re-donation interval for each group after recruitment, the efficacy of each intervention, and the cost-effectiveness of telephone calls versus SMS reminders on re-recruitment.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eStatistical analysis\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe database and foundation for analyses were established by recoding data in an Excel software (2013, Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA, USA) file and importing into the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software (SPSS Statistics version 23 for Windows, SPSS Inc., Armonk, NY, USA) and The R Project for Statistical Computing (R version 3.6.1). For intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, the re-donation rate was calculated by dividing the number of participants who donated again during the follow-up period by the corresponding number of initially randomized donors. Because of the large disparity in the intervention received rates between the two interventional groups, the ITT result might have masked a true effect on the re-donation rate among those who received reminders as intended. Therefore, estimation of the effects of the interventions on inactive blood donors while accounting for compliance with assigned intervention was also conducted. Previous studies defined four compliance types on the basis of individuals\u0026rsquo; treatment assignment status and potential treatment receipt status [30-32]. In this study, strict adherence to the intervention assignment meant that those in the control group did not receive any telephone call or SMS message; meanwhile, participants in the telephone group did not receive an SMS message and vice versa. Thus, in this case, there were no directly observed always-takers (defined as those who will always implement the treatment, regardless of the group to which they are assigned), nor defiers (defined as those who will not implement if assigned to the treatment group but will implement if assigned to the control group). The participants did include compliers (defined as those who will implement the treatment when assigned to the treatment group but will not implement if assigned to the control group) and those could still be never-takers (defined as those who will never implement, regardless of the treatment assignment). In other words, this was a one-sided non-compliance situation, with only compliers (who received the telephone or SMS reminders successfully in the intervention groups, and who were in the control group) and never-takers (who failed to receive the telephone or SMS reminders in the intervention groups) [33]. Therefore, the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT) were also estimated [33].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChi-square test was used to identify statistical differences of the re-donation rate among groups and conduct paired comparisons between contact methods, and Bonferroni correction was applied. R Package \u0026ldquo;ATE\u0026rdquo; was used to estimate the ATT the ATT among compliers under the intervention and control conditions (random assignment was used as an instrumental variable that telephone or SMS group coded as 1, control group coded as 0; complier in the telephone or SMS group was coded as 1, never-taker and those in the control group were coded as 0).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe Kruskal-Wallis test was used to determine whether the re-donation intervals within 30, 90, 180, 270 and 365 days were affected by different reminders, and Mann-Whitney U test was applied for comparisons of two groups. Binary logistic regression analyses were adopted to identify associations of donor characteristics with donor return behaviour to determine the best predictors of future donation; odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was applied to compare the cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders. All hypothesized differences were considered statistically significant if the \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e-values from two-tailed tests were \u0026lt; 0.05.\u003cstrong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEthics considerations\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll procedures were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center. The registration ID for this study on ClinicalTrial.gov is: NCT03366441. This study is reported according to the CONSORT guidelines (Additional file 2).\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eStudy Participants\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTwenty-nine donors in the telephone group, 37 in the SMS group, and 26 in the control group found to have donated blood before the day of recruitment. They were all excluded and replaced by an equal number of matched participants in the same tier. In the telephone group, 40% of the participants were successfully interviewed, 20.8% could not be reached due to an incorrect number, 36.1% did not answer the phone and 3.1% refused to participate. Since the rate at which lapsed blood donors answered telephone interviews from Guangzhou Blood Center was 35-45%, the response rate in the present study was close to the real percentage [27]. In the SMS group, 79.3% participants received the message successfully, and 20.7% did not (successful intervention rates in telephone and SMS groups: 40.0% \u003cem\u003evs.\u003c/em\u003e 79.3%, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eInterventions\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eEffects of interventions on donor return\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor ITT analysis, the re-donation rates were 8.1% (n = 322) in the telephone group, 8.5% (n = 337) in the SMS group, and 7.4% (n = 291) in the control group. Chi-square test showed no significant difference in the re-donation rates among the three groups (\u003cem\u003eP \u003c/em\u003e= 0.154). The re-donation rates within compliers in the telephone and SMS groups were 11.7% (185/1583) and 8.6% (270/3142), respectively. Table 1 shows the ATT estimation results that among those who received the intervention successfully, the telephone call was estimated to significantly increase re-donation by 2.3 percentage points compared to SMS reminder, and by 6.0 compared to no intervention.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eInteraction between covariates and receipt of reminders on donor return\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 2 summarizes the basic information of the reactivated donors. Logistic regression analysis showed that donors who were older, those with a larger donation frequency before recruitment, or those who accepted the interventions successfully were more likely to re-donate (Table 3). Table 4 indicates the associations of re-donation and donors who were successfully interviewed, received the message and were in the control group. Donor return behaviour was positively associated with receiving reminders, being male, being of older age, and having a previous donation history. Among those participants who were successfully contacted, older donors (1.02, CI: 1.00\u0026ndash;1.04, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.019) and those with a greater past donation frequency (1.08, CI: 1.03\u0026ndash;1.13, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.001) in the telephone group; as well as male donors (1.33, CI: 1.03\u0026ndash;1.71, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.028) and those with a greater past donation frequency (1.11, CI: 1.07\u0026ndash;1.16, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001) in the SMS group were more likely to return.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eImpact of reminders on time to return\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 5 shows the 1-year re-donation intervals for the three groups. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in the time to re-donation only within a 180-day interval among the three groups (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.023), but not within the other intervals (data not shown). The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that participants returned to donate sooner in the SMS group (76.7\u0026plusmn;50.9) than those in the control group (90.9\u0026plusmn;51.2) within the 180-day interval (\u003cem\u003eZ\u003c/em\u003e=2.730, \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.006).\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eCost-effectiveness of telephone and SMS reminders\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ICERs for the telephone and SMS reminders were evaluated from the bottom-up approach. In the telephone group, all interviews were completed in 7,694 minutes, while recruiters waited on hold three times for a total of 7,131 minutes. The hourly pay for one recruiter was RMB\u0026yen;60 in the Guangzhou Blood Center, and therefore, the cost was RMB\u0026yen;1 for a recruiter to work for 1 minute. The telephone merchant charged RMB\u0026yen;0.22 for the first 3 minutes and RMB\u0026yen;0.11 for every 1 minute thereafter for one call, whereas answering a call was free of charge. Thus, it cost RMB\u0026yen;678.6 totally for 1,583 calls. The average cost per participant in this group was: (See Equation 1 in the Supplementary Files)\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the SMS group, it took 5 minutes for one recruiter to send all the messages. The system maintenance cost for the automatic message sending system is RMB\u0026yen;2523 per year, and the SMS operator charges RMB\u0026yen;0.05 for each message successfully sent. Thus, the total cost was RMB\u0026yen;157.1 for sending 3,142 messages successfully. The average cost per participant in this group was: (see Equation 2 in the Supplementary Files)\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTable 6 presents the ICER estimation results, which indicated that the SMS reminder was more cost-effective than the telephone call.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSelf-reported reasons for blood donation deferral\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe distribution of self-reported reasons for deferral is shown in Figure 2. Those who reported time constraints were more likely to return after a phone call reminder than those who claimed other deterrents (14.2% \u003cem\u003evs.\u003c/em\u003e 10.6%, \u003cem\u003eP \u003c/em\u003e= 0.037). Medical reasons included multiple different causes (Table 7). Donors who believed they had an inadequate health status were not able to reveal more specific details. Group-sponsored donation is a special form of donation in China, which is defined as blood donation organized by universities, companies, governmental agencies and any other groups. Seventy-seven (43.0%) former donors who had donated during a group-sponsored event had not donated again because they had missed the blood donation activity organized by their affiliation, 66 (36.9%) did not donate again because their affiliations stopped organizing the blood donation activity, and 36 (20.1%) reported that they did not re-donate because there is no \u0026ldquo;quota\u0026rdquo; for them to donate. Donors who simply did not want to donate again did not provide more information even when they were further asked about the reasons. Among the \u0026ldquo;other reasons\u0026rdquo;, \u0026ldquo;adverse reaction\u0026rdquo; was reported by the highest percentage of donors (23/60, 38.3%). Table 8 compares the willingness of former donors to re-donate and the actual re-donation rates according to the different self-reported deterrents to re-donation.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003cp\u003eBlood donor retention and re-enrolment are critical for the collection of a sufficient blood supply but are challenges in clinical practice. The use of a stratified, randomized trial design in the present study allowed us to test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone call and SMS message reminders for prompting inactive blood donors to donate blood again. Altruism, as a genuine part of human nature, has been found to be the most frequent motivator driving people to donate blood [23-25]. In the SMS group, inactive donors received a short text message on their cell phones that contained an altruistic appeal that emphasized how they could \u0026ldquo;save a life\u0026rdquo;, and in the telephone group, in addition to the altruistic appeal, inactive donors were also questioned about the reasons why they stopped donating and provided corresponding solutions according to their answers. ITT analysis showed that the differences in the re-donation rates among all participants in the three groups were not statistically significant. ATT estimations revealed that among those who received the interventions successfully, the telephone call was more effective than the SMS reminder or no intervention. Our results also showed that donor reactivation was positively associated with receiving reminders. Moreover, participants in the SMS group returned to donate sooner than control participants (\u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e=0.006) within 6 months and based on the calculated ICERs, SMS reminders were more cost-effective than telephone calls. In summary, interventions to promote inactive donors\u0026rsquo; return to give blood are appropriate.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs mentioned above, an altruistic (\u0026lsquo;save a life\u0026rsquo;) message was used in the SMS group in this study, because that help-seeking message can evoke empathy, create positive emotional feelings in the reader and connect them to the recipient of their help, which eventually increases helpful behaviour [34]. Nonetheless, it has been proven that blood donation is driven by multiple motives [22, 23, 35], and the results of the present study suggest that a message with an altruistic appeal might not be strong enough to prompt action among donors. Gemelli \u003cem\u003eet al.\u003c/em\u003e found that sending a personalized post-donation message was effective for retaining donors [14]. Notably, the SMS messages sent \u003cem\u003evia\u003c/em\u003e the Guangzhou Blood Center automatic message sending system are all personalized. After donation each donor receives a message including his/her name, blood type and blood test results confirming their eligibility to donate (donors who are ineligible are informed by phone call). Therefore, the message sent for the purpose of recruiting inactive blood donors becomes personalized if sent\u003cem\u003e via \u003c/em\u003ethe automatic message sending system, which might increase the re-donation rate. Moreover, male donors or those with a greater past donation frequency were more likely to return after they received a message with an altruistic appeal, and thus, SMS reminders can be used to target these donors. The SMS reminder is overall an effective and convenient strategy for reactivating inactive donors, with the additional advantage of being cost-effective. After the study period, SMS messages were also sent to those who could not be reached in the telephone group and those in the control group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlthough the successful contact rate for the telephone group was much lower than that for the SMS group, the donors in the telephone group were more likely to return once they received the call successfully. Moreover, the effect was greater on those with a higher past donation frequency and older donors. Previous studies proved that the number of previous returns of a donor is positively associated with future return [6]. As more donations are made, the perception of oneself as a donor becomes internalized and serves as a motivating force for repeat donation [36]. Blood donors who gave more than 4 donations a year considered blood donation as an act of altruism and promised to continue donating blood in the absence of benefits and rewards [37]. Therefore, altruistic appeal, by either telephone or SMS reminder, was effective for these donors.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, we not only used an altruistic appeal but also communicated with the donors to better understand their self-reported reasons for blood donation deferral. The altruistic appeal via the telephone call had a significantly greater positive effect on those who reported time constraints than on those who claimed other deterrents kept them from donating again, and in multiple studies, time constraints were the most frequently stated factor preventing donors from continuing to donate blood [21, 38, 39]. One study found that people believed that spending time on blood donation had no more or less value than any other moment in their day [17]. They might have a positive attitude towards a request for blood donation, but did not take corresponding action due to a lack of urgency or motivation [40]. When we mentioned the idea of \u0026ldquo;saving a life\u0026rdquo; to emphasize the urgency of the need as well as revisit their original motivation for donating, they returned to donate. Therefore, blood donation agencies should make efforts to minimize the time required for donation, to implement more extensive and flexible opening hours, and also to convince donors of the importance of donation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn altruistic appeal could not effectively reactivate those who reported medical reasons for their donation deferral. Self-perceived inadequate health status, adverse reaction to blood donation, and becoming unhealthy after blood donation represented particular barriers to blood donation and seem to have similarities in China and other countries. In the Chinese traditional culture, people believe that blood is vital to human life (the Mother of Qi) and loss of blood equates to ruining one\u0026rsquo;s constitution [41]. Once donors experience adverse events or even they simply feel tired after donation, they likely deem that they experienced substantial detrimental effects or long-term consequences from blood donation. In addition, some donors may have mentioned medical barriers as a \"false\" reason that is more socially acceptable than stating that they do not have time [38]. To develop a strategy to recruit these donors, more specific psychological research should be carried out.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBlood donors in China typically fit into one of two types: those who spontaneously donate at blood collection sites, and those who donate through a group donation. State-owned and state-run enterprises and governmental agencies will compensate workers with either subsidies (small amounts of money for nutritional supplementation) or a few days off (with or without paid vacation), and hence, some groups will limit the number of donors. In light of these findings, the objectives of group donors for blood donation might include a combination of motives, such as modestly self-serving incentives, instead of pure altruism. In addition, with the convenience of the donation process occurring at ones\u0026rsquo; place of work, donors do not perceive blood donation as time-consuming or something that must be done too far away. According to these factors, individuals rarely donate again at blood collection sites, if their group stops organizing a blood donation activity or has no quota. In the present study, most group donors refused to donate at blood collection sites because they thought it too inconvenient, but they would donate again at their group.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur study has some limitations. First, we only used an altruistic appeal in the SMS group, and altruism might not be the main driver for blood donation. Further research using different messages to re-recruit donors is needed to determine which type of message is the optimal intervention. Secondly, telephone and SMS reminders are different interventions, and thus, we cannot determine precisely which factor prompted the donors to return. Future research that explores how inactive donors interact with the interventions is needed to determine which factor is more effective. Moreover, even with delivery confirmation receipts, as available in newer smartphones, one cannot know with certainty that messages were read and understood. In addition, just as we mentioned above, donation records from outside of Guangzhou could not be confirmed. Therefore, the donation frequency history for inactive donors might not be correct, and the re-donation rate, especially for those who cited moving out of Guangzhou as a deterrent, might be underestimated.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusions","content":"\u003cp\u003eIn conclusion, inactive blood donors may be encouraged to re-donate after receiving telephone calls or SMS reminders. Telephone calls may be more effective than SMS messages for reactivating inactive donors, but the effectiveness of each method must be weighed with the corresponding costs. More detailed studies are needed to evaluate the effects of the contents of the SMS message for reactivating inactive donors. Moreover, future studies should also focus on strategies for re-recruiting those who stopped donating because of a self-perception of inadequate health status.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"List of Abbreviations","content":"\u003cp\u003eITT: intention-to-treat; ATT: average treatment effect on the treated; ICER: incremental cost-effectiveness ratio\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eEthic approval and consent to participate\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAll procedures were reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center (Approval Number: GZBC20161001). Oral informed consents were only retrieved from donors in telephone group but not in other two groups, since it was a low-risk study comparing operational recruitment techniques that would have been applied to the donors in any case, except for randomization; besides all data were processed anonymously. The ethics committee (The Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center) approved of the verbal consent procedure for participants in telephone group, and waiving the need for consent for the other two groups. All donors were not informed of the study goals or provided explanations about the nature of the interventions, otherwise they might have changed their return behaviour and thus compromised the results of the study. The Institutional Review Board of the Guangzhou Blood Center also approved these. The registration ID for this study on ClinicalTrial.gov is: NCT03366441.\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eConsent for publication\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eAvailability of data and material\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets used and analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eCompeting interests\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare that they have no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eFunding\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the Natural\u0026ensp;Science\u0026ensp;Foundation\u0026ensp;of\u0026ensp;Guangdong\u0026ensp;Province\u0026ensp;2019 (General Program: 2019A1515011505), the Western Medicine Guide Project of Health and Family Planning Commission of Guangzhou Municipality (20161A010073), the Major Project of Health Bureau of Guangzhou (20141A031001), the Key Laboratory of Guangzhou Science Technology and Innovation Commission (201509010009) and The Key Medical Disciplines and Specialties Program of Guangzhou. The funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript.\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eAuthors\u0026rsquo; contributions\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOYJ and BCH did the recruitment and led the data analysis. OYJ wrote the first draft of the manuscript. FYS led the coding of the key messages. HB and CJY aided in data analysis. RX and LHQ were involved in critically revising the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eAcknowledgements\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author thanks Mr. HE Jun who supported this project. The author would also like to thank all blood donors for giving their blood.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLiang XH, Zhou SH, Fan YX, Meng QL, Zhang ZY, Gao Y, Li YJ, Liu Z: \u003cstrong\u003eA survey of the blood supply in China during 2012-2014\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eTransfusion medicine \u003c/em\u003e2019, \u003cstrong\u003e29\u003c/strong\u003e(1):28-32.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eGuo N, Wang J, Ness P, Yao F, Dong X, Bi X, Mei H, Li J, He W, Lu Y\u003cem\u003e et al\u003c/em\u003e: \u003cstrong\u003eAnalysis of Chinese donors' return behavior\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eTransfusion \u003c/em\u003e2011, \u003cstrong\u003e51\u003c/strong\u003e(3):523-530.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSchreiber GB, Glynn SA, Damesyn MA, Wright DJ, Tu Y, Dodd RY, Murphy EL: \u003cstrong\u003eLapsed donors: an untapped resource\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eTransfusion \u003c/em\u003e2003, 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A review of research on blood donors since 1977\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eTransfusion \u003c/em\u003e1990, \u003cstrong\u003e30\u003c/strong\u003e(5):444-459.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eWevers A, Wigboldus DH, van den Hurk K, van Baaren R, Veldhuizen IJ: \u003cstrong\u003eIncreasing first-time blood donation of newly registered donors using implementation intentions and explicit commitment techniques\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eVox sanguinis \u003c/em\u003e2015, \u003cstrong\u003e108\u003c/strong\u003e(1):18-26.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTison GH, Liu C, Ren F, Nelson K, Shan H: \u003cstrong\u003eInfluences of general and traditional Chinese beliefs on the decision to donate blood among employer-organized and volunteer donors in Beijing, China\u003c/strong\u003e. \u003cem\u003eTransfusion \u003c/em\u003e2007, \u003cstrong\u003e47\u003c/strong\u003e(10):1871-1879.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"},{"header":"Tables","content":"\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"\u003eTable 1 Average treatment effect on the treated estimations among three groups\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" width=\"595\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"page-break-inside: avoid;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003ePoint Estimate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 78.0pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eStandard Error\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e95% CI\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"\u003eZ\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"page-break-inside: avoid;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; Telephone vs. SMS\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.023\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 78.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.008\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.007, 0.038\u0026nbsp; \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e2.885\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;0.004\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"page-break-inside: avoid;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; Telephone vs. Control\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.060\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 78.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.009\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.041, 0.078\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e6.363\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"page-break-inside: avoid;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; SMS vs. Control\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.004\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 78.0pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.011\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e-0.017, 0.025\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 0in 0in 0in;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.372\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 45.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; background: white; padding: 0in 3.35pt 0in 3.35pt;\" width=\"61\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;0.710\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 2 Summary of reactivated donors among all participants in the three groups \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" width=\"643\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 16.25pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 16.25pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"160\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 16.25pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eTelephone group\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e-1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 16.25pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eSMS group -2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 16.25pt;\" rowspan=\"2\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eControl group -3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 127.55pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 16.25pt;\" colspan=\"3\" width=\"170\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eP\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 14.55pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 14.55pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e1 vs. 2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 14.55pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e1 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 14.55pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e2 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eGender\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eMale\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e164 (51.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e186 (55.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e158 (54.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.292\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.428\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.822\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eFemale\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e157 (48.9)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e151 (44.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e133 (45.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 5.8pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eAge, years*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e36.8\u0026plusmn;8.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e37.0\u0026plusmn;8.0\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e37.3\u0026plusmn;7.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.873\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.203\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 5.8pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.150\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 1.95pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003ePrevious donations, n*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e4.8\u0026plusmn;6.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e4.5\u0026plusmn;3.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e4.4\u0026plusmn;3.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.250\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.167\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 1.95pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.597\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 354.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" colspan=\"4\" width=\"473\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eType of re-donation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eWhole blood\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e306 (95.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e328 (97.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e282 (96.9)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.003\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.363\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.388\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eApheresis platelet\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e15 (4.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e9 (2.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e9 (3.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 354.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" colspan=\"4\" width=\"473\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003eAdditional donations, n\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"margin-right: 22.0pt; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e291 (90.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e305 (90.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e269 (92.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.213\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.318\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e0.752\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.2pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"160\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 22.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026ge;2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.45pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e30 (9.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 63.8pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"85\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e32 (9.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 77.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"104\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e22 (7.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.55pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 42.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"57\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right; word-break: break-all;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; color: #000000;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;\"\u003eData presented as no. (%), unless otherwise stated. *Data presented as mean \u0026plusmn; \u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003estandard deviation.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 3 Logistic regression analysis of associations of groups, donor characteristics, and intervention status with re-donation among all participants\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse; border: none;\" width=\"662\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs. 2 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs. 2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e2 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eGroup\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Telephone call-1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.92 (0.76, 1.11)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.10 (0.93, 1.31)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.80 (0.55, 1.00)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 63.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-indent: 21.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSMS-2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.83 (0.66, 1.04)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 63.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.17 (0.89, 1.55)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Control-3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; -\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eGender\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Male\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.14 (0.99, 1.31)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.13 (0.96, 1.33)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.10 (0.93, 1.30)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.20 (1.02, 1.41)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Female\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eAge \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.03 (1.02, 1.04)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.03 (1.02, 1.04)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.03 (1.02, 1.04)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.03 (1.02, 1.04)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eDonation history\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.08 (1.06, 1.10)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.11 (1.08, 1.13)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.07 (1.05, 1.09)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.06 (1.04, 1.08)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eStatus of intervention\u003csup\u003e#\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Successful\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.56 (1.30, 1.88)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.56 (1.29, 1.88)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e2.01 (1.60, 2.55)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.02 (0.77, 1.35)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Failed\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eCoding: Telephone call = 1, SMS = 2, Control = 3; Male = 1, Female = 2; Status of intervention (Successful) =1, (Failed/Control) = 2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e#: Referred to those who accepted the interventions successfully; *: \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.05; **:\u003cem\u003e P\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 4 Logistic regression analysis of associations of groups and donor characteristics with donor reactivation among those who were successfully contacted\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse; border: none;\" width=\"662\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs. 2 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs. 2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 vs 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOR (95% CI)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e2 vs. 3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eGroup\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Telephone call-1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.63 (1.34, 1.98)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.33 (1.09, 1.63)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.62 (1.33, 1.97)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 63.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-indent: 21.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSMS-2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.20 (1.00, 1.43)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 63.0pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.20 (1.01, 1.43)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Control-3\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; -\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: 31.5pt;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ereference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eGender\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Male\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.25 (1.07, 1.45)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.28 (1.05, 1.56)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.19 (0.99, 1.44)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.24 (1.04, 1.48)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Female\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; Reference\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eAge \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.02 (1.01, 1.03)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.01 (1.00, 1.03)\u003csup\u003e*\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.03 (1.02, 1.04)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.02 (1.10, 1.03)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 10.2pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 113.4pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"151\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eDonation history\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.65pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.06 (1.04, 1.08)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.10 (1.06, 1.13)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.05 (1.03, 1.07)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 95.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 10.2pt;\" width=\"128\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1.06 (1.04, 1.08)\u003csup\u003e**\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eCoding: Telephone call = 1, SMS = 2, Control = 3; Male = 1, Female = 2\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e*: \u003cem\u003eP\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.05; **:\u003cem\u003e P\u003c/em\u003e\u0026lt;0.001\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 5 Donors\u0026rsquo; 1-year re-donation intervals (in days) among the three groups \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(mean\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003cem\u003eSD)\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"width: 410.85pt; border-collapse: collapse;\" width=\"548\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 34.25pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 34.25pt;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 150.6pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 34.25pt;\" width=\"201\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eIntervals for reactivated donors who were enrolled\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 155.95pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 34.25pt;\" width=\"208\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eIntervals for reactivated donors who were successfully contacted\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTelephone group\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 150.6pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"201\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 to 365 (157.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e102.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 155.95pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"208\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;1 to 365 (163.3\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e95.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSMS group\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 150.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"201\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 to 365 (141.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e102.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 155.95pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"208\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 to 365 (155.5\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e101.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eControl group\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 150.6pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"201\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;1 to 365 (151.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026plusmn;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e99.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 155.95pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"208\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eNot applicable\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 6 Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio estimations of telephone and SMS groups \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" width=\"605\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 29.15pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eCost per participant (C)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(RMB\u0026yen;)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eEffectiveness (E)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(%)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eD\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eC\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eD\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eE\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 29.15pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eRatio\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eD\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eC/\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: Symbol;\"\u003eD\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eE)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eControl group \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e7.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;-\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; -\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp; -\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTelephone group \u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e3.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e8.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e3.9\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.007\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e557.1\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 23.4pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSMS group\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 120.5pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"161\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 92.15pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"123\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e8.4\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.7\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0.010\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 23.4pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 11.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 70\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 7 Medical reasons for the lack of re-donation reported by donors who were successfully contacted by telephone (n, %)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; border: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSelf-perception of inadequate health status\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; border: none; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e197 (40.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ePregnancy/lactation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e124 (25.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eConfirmed diagnosis of severe disease\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 43 (8.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSelf-perception as being too old to donate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 42 (8.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eBecoming unhealthy after blood donation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 33 (6.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eConfirmed diagnosis of anaemia\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 23 (4.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 2.95in; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"283\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eOther temporary reasons for deferral*\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 85.3pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"114\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp; 21 (4.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003c/tbody\u003e\n\u003c/table\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e*Other temporary reasons for deferral included reasons such as ineligible weight, menstrual disorder etc.\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\u003c/br\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center; text-indent: .25in; line-height: 150%; text-autospace: none;\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTable 8 Summary of willingness to re-donate and re-donation status of donors contacted by telephone according to the different reported reasons for deferral (n, %)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/em\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ctable style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\" width=\"614\"\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTotal\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eWilling to re-donate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eNot willing to re-donate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eUncertain\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border-top: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-left: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; border-right: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eActually re-donated\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eTime constraints\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e485\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e444 (91.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e5 (1.0)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e36 (7.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; border: none; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e69 (14.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 13.5pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eMedical reasons\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e483\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e266 (55.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e150 (61.0)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e67 (13.9)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 13.5pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e37 (7.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSelf-perception of inadequate health status\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(unrelated to donation)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e197\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e125 (63.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e38 (19.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e31(15.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e20 (8.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003ePregnancy/lactation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e124\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e101(81.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e7 (5.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e16 (12.9)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e5 (4.0)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eSelf-perception as being too old to donate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;42\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e14 (33.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e14 (33.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e14 (33.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e3 (7.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eBecoming unhealthy after blood donation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left; text-indent: .25in;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e(related to donation)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;33\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;7 (21.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e22 (66.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e4 (12.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e3 (9.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eMoving away from Guangzhou\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e195\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e55 (28.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e136 (69.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e4 (2.1)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e18 (9.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eGroup-sponsored donation\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e179\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e160 (89.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e7 (3.9)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e12 (6.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e26 (14.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eNot wanting to donate again\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;65\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e25 (38.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e21 (32.3)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e19 (29.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e6 (7.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eBeing far away from blood collection locations\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;56\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e53 (94.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 (1.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e2 (3.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e12 (21.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eForgetting to donate\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;31\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e30 (96.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e1 (3.2)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e0 (0.0)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e6 (19.4)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eInability to be prioritized to receive blood\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;27\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e8 (29.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e15 (55.6)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e4 (14.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 49.6pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"66\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e4 (14.8)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003c/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr style=\"height: 15.75pt;\"\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 205.85pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"274\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 10.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003eAdverse reaction\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 35.4pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"47\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e\u0026nbsp;23\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.2pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"75\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e3 (12.5)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; border: none; border-bottom: solid windowtext 1.0pt; padding: 0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; height: 15.75pt;\" width=\"76\"\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: right;\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 9.0pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;\"\u003e2 (8.7)\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003c/td\u003e\n\u003ctd style=\"width: 56.7pt; 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In this study we assessed the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of telephone calls and SMS reminders for re-recruitment of inactive blood donors.\nMethods: This single-centre, non-blinded, parallel randomized controlled trial in Guangzhou, China included 11,880 inactive blood donors whose last donation was between January 1 and June 30, 2014. The donors were randomly assigned to one of two intervention groups (telephone call or short message service [SMS] communications) or to a control group without intervention. SMS messages with altruistic appeal were adopted in the SMS group; in addition to altruistic appeal, reasons for deferral of blood donation were also asked in the telephone group. All participants were followed up for 1 year. The primary outcome was re-donation rate, and rates in different groups were compared by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and estimation of the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT). Secondary outcomes were the self-reported deterrents. Other outcomes included the re-donation interval, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of telephone calls and SMS reminders on re-recruitment.\nResults: ITT analysis revealed no significant differences in the re-donation rate among the three groups. ATT estimations indicated that among compliers, telephone calls significantly increased re-donation compared to both SMS reminders and no intervention. Donor return behaviour was positively associated with receiving reminders successfully, being male, older age, and previous donation history. The SMS reminder prompted donors to return sooner than no reminder within 6 months, and according to ICER calculations, SMS reminders were more cost-effective than telephone calls. Donors reported time constraints as the most main causes of self-deferral in the telephone group, and altruistic appeal had a positive effect on these donors.\nConclusions: Interventions to reactivate inactive blood donors can be effective, with telephone calls prompting more donors to return but at a greater cost than SMS messages. SMS reminder with altruistic appeal can urge donors to re-donate sooner within 6 months than no reminder.","manuscriptTitle":"Effective methods for reactivating inactive blood donors: a stratified randomized controlled study","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":2,"date":"2019-12-12 19:39:59","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.13932/v2","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2020-03-05T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Reviewer's comments unavailable pending editorial decision\n"},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2019-12-18T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2019-12-09T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2019-12-09T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2019-12-08T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2019-12-08T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}},{"code":1,"date":"2019-09-17 07:56:10","doi":"10.21203/rs.2.13932/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Major revision","date":"2019-11-11T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2019-11-09T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":"Recommendation: Major revisions required\nForm responses:\n---\n* Are the methods appropriate and well described?: **Yes**\n* Does the work include the necessary controls?: **Yes**\n* Are the conclusions drawn adequately supported by the data shown?: **Yes**\n* Are you able to assess any statistics in the manuscript or would you recommend an additional statistical review?: **I am able to assess the statistics**\n* Quality of written English: **Not suitable for publication unless extensively edited**\n* Declaration of competing interests: **I do not have any competing interests**\n\nComments to Author:\n---\n\nI have read this paper and reviewed the paper again. Below are my comments:\n\n1. METHODS\n\n-ATE vs. ATE\n-On page 11, you said that: \"…..Therefore, the average treatment effect (ATE) and average 8 treatment effect on the treated (ATT) were also estimated [33]\". I am very confused here. In the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, you are estimating the ATE. The ATE is then the average of the slope over the entire population and the ATT is the average of the slope over the subset of the population (those who actually received the program). Since you have only a one-side compliance, the ATT is the coefficients of causal impact divided by the proportion of participants who actually received in the intervention in the treated group. Hence, I will suggest that you report the proportion of respondents who actually received the intervention in the treated group. Then estimate the ATT following my advice above. In Stata, you first need to estimate the causal impact of your program based on the ITT. Then, you save the coefficients of the ITT. Lastly, you estimate the ATT: divide the coefficients of the ITT by the proportion of respondents who actually received the intervention in the treated group. To report the standard errors and 95% confidence interval, you should use the delta method, nlcom command in Stata. The link below provides a comprehensive understanding of this:\nhttps://www.hhs.gov/ash/oah/sites/default/files/estimating-program-effects-on-program-participants-brief.pdf\n\n2. RESULTS\n-Accounting for attrition\nIn the results section, it is reported that 40% of participants were successfully interviewed in the telephone group. It seems you recruited respondents and followed-up for one year in the two intervention groups and control group. Does this mean that that among the participants followed up from baseline to endline, 60% have missing data between baseline and endline? Is this attrition rate? If yes, 60% attrition is too much and unusual in impact evaluation study. Were they any strategies adopted to reduce this attrition? If 60% is the attrition, your estimates of the causal impact should account for this attrition. First, you also need to report the percentage of respondents in the control group who was fully followed-up between baseline (recruitment) and endline. Second, you need to explore whether there is balance in terms of attrition in the intervention group and control group. Third, you should account for this attrition rate using an inverse probability weighting.\n-On page 13, you said: \"the re-donation rates within compliers in the telephone and SMS groups were 11.7% (185/1583) and 8.6% (270/3142), respectively\". How did you estimate this?\n\n3. OTHER MAJOR COMMENTS:\nLine 8-9 (page 2). It is written: \"The donors were randomly assigned to either one of two intervention groups (received telephone or short message service…. I think there is a confusion here. You should use telephone call instead of received telephone.\nLine 13-14 (page 2). Maybe you should edit these lines by writing: \"The primary outcome were re-donation rates, estimated by the intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis………\"\nLine 17-18 (page 2). It reads: \"Other outcomes included the re-donation interval, and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of telephone calls versus SMS reminders on re-recruitment\". I am confused here. You have two interventions here: telephone calls and SMS reminder here: you should do the ICER by comparing the telephone calls versus control, then SMS reminders versus control. Your figure (Figure 1, page 33) explained to the reader that you have two interventions: telephone call and SMS reminder. You also have a control group. Thus, your ICER should be based on telephone calls versus control, then SMS reminders versus control.\nLine 20-22 (page 2). It reads: \"ATE estimation showed that participants who were randomly 21 assigned to the telephone group were more likely to re-donate than those in the SMS group\". This sentence contradicts the sentences found in Line 8-10. In fact, Line 8-10 read: \"The donors were randomly assigned to either one of two intervention groups (received telephone or short message service [SMS] communications) or to a control group without intervention\". The question is this: what is your control group? Is it the control group without intervention? Or the SMS group? I am very confused here.\n\n"},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"","date":"2019-10-09T12:00:00+00:00","index":1,"fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2019-09-09T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2019-08-30T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2019-08-23T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2019-08-22T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"","date":"2019-08-20T12:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-public-health","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"pubh","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Public Health](http://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/pubh/default.aspx","title":"BMC Public Health","twitterHandle":"@BMC_series","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"ca882104-79dd-4b5f-a825-3b0b0b8c7f28","owner":[],"postedDate":"December 12th, 2019","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[{"id":26498,"name":"Health Economics \u0026 Outcomes Research"},{"id":26499,"name":"Health Policy"},{"id":26500,"name":"Infectious Diseases"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-08-26T18:28:00+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4634","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08594-9","journal":{"identity":"bmc-public-health","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Public Health"},"publishedOn":"2020-04-10 20:38:22","publishedOnDateReadable":"April 10th, 2020"},"versionCreatedAt":"2019-12-12 19:39:59","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12889-020-08594-9","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-08594-9","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v2","identity":"rs-4634","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"identity":"rs-4634","version":["v2"]},"buildId":"WrCJVZZCHTDjtuVLN7oU0","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}