A New Grid Model for Estimation of Zenith Tropospheric Delay Considering Vertical Adjustment Based on Gaussian Function over China

A New Grid Model for Estimation of Zenith Tropospheric Delay Considering Vertical Adjustment Based on Gaussian Function over China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article A New Grid Model for Estimation of Zenith Tropospheric Delay Considering Vertical Adjustment Based on Gaussian Function over China Jihong Zhang, Xiaoqing Zuo, Shipeng Guo, Shaofeng Xie, Xu Yang, and 2 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3879166/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) play an important role in the troposphere. This study proposed a new ZTD vertical profile grid model considering the height scale factor (NGZTD-H) based on the Gaussian function that adjusts the ZTD from the starting to the target height. To estimate the ZTD directly, a new NGZTD that considers the ZTD delicate diurnal variation was developed. The effectiveness of vertical and spatial interpolation for the NGZTD-H model was validated. Regarding vertical interpolation, the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the NGZTD-H model improved by 58% and 22%, compared to the global pressure and temperature 3 (GPT3) model. For spatial interpolation, the RMSE of the NGZTD-H model improved by 17% compared to that of the GPT3 model. The NGZTD model’s effectiveness for directly estimating the ZTD was validated. The NGZTD model improved by 22% and 31% compared to the GPT3 model using GNSS-derived ZTD and layered ZTD at radiosonde stations, respectively. The NGZTD model exhibited outstanding advantages in capturing diurnal variations and adapting to undulating terrain. This new ZTD model has potential applications in enhancing the reliability of navigation, positioning, and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurements and is recommended to promote the development of space geodesy techniques. Diurnal variation ERA5 Gaussian function Zenith tropospheric delay Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-3879166","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":268658015,"identity":"03707ff9-42ee-48fa-a3ba-c33c77f1af9f","order_by":0,"name":"Jihong 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This study proposed a new ZTD vertical profile grid model considering the height scale factor (NGZTD-H) based on the Gaussian function that adjusts the ZTD from the starting to the target height. To estimate the ZTD directly, a new NGZTD that considers the ZTD delicate diurnal variation was developed. The effectiveness of vertical and spatial interpolation for the NGZTD-H model was validated. Regarding vertical interpolation, the root mean squared error (RMSE) of the NGZTD-H model improved by 58% and 22%, compared to the global pressure and temperature 3 (GPT3) model. For spatial interpolation, the RMSE of the NGZTD-H model improved by 17% compared to that of the GPT3 model. The NGZTD model\u0026rsquo;s effectiveness for directly estimating the ZTD was validated. The NGZTD model improved by 22% and 31% compared to\u003ca class=\"FNLink\" href=\"#Fn1\" id=\"#FNLinkFn1\"\u003e\u003c/a\u003e the GPT3 model using GNSS-derived ZTD and layered ZTD at radiosonde stations, respectively. 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This new ZTD model has potential applications in enhancing the reliability of navigation, positioning, and interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) measurements and is recommended to promote the development of space geodesy techniques.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"A New Grid Model for Estimation of Zenith Tropospheric Delay Considering Vertical Adjustment Based on Gaussian Function over China","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-01-23 19:48:42","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-3879166/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"6464ac41-2893-43a3-b765-d34b4816d9fa","owner":[],"postedDate":"January 23rd, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"posted","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-04-05T00:14:27+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2024-01-23 19:48:42","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-3879166","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-3879166","identity":"rs-3879166","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}