Seroprevalence of Dengue infection in the Caribbean: A Literature Review

The Caribbean exhibits hyperendemic dengue transmission with near-universal adult seroprevalence in many territories, driven by sustained co-circulation of all four DENV serotypes and the domestic ecology of Aedes aegypti. Serosurveys report adult IgG rates as high as 93–100% in the French West Indies, Puerto Rico, and Jamaica, while children frequently acquire multitypic immunity before adolescence. High inapparent infection rates and population mobility complicate surveillance and mask true transmission intensity. These immunoepidemiological conditions elevate the risk of severe disease via antibody-dependent enhancement and challenge both acute diagnostics and vaccine policy. Effective control demands year-round integrated vector management, improved molecular and neutralization-based surveillance, pediatric-focused prevention strategies, and cautious deployment of balanced tetravalent vaccines informed by serotype-specific and genomic data.