Exploring the mediating role of motivational regulations in the relationship between body image and physical activity by sex: a structural equation modelling approach 

Abstract Background This study examined the relationship between body image (BI), physical activity (PA) level, and the mediating role of motivational regulation. Methods The study used a cross-sectional design and involved 1012 participants. BI was assessed using the Multidimensional Body Self-Relations Questionnaire, motivational regulation using the Behavioural Regulation Exercise Questionnaire, and PA level with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse the results. Results The findings showed that the subjective importance of physical appearance and physical shape had both direct and indirect impacts on moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and motivational regulation. The relationship between BID and MVPA was mainly mediated by intrinsic, integrated, and introjected regulations for men, and integrated, identified, and amotivated regulations for women. Conclusion These findings suggest that motivational regulation plays a crucial role in the relationship between BID and PA level and provide valuable insights for policy-makers and practitioners seeking to promote healthy PA behaviour.