The Application of Full-Size Three-Dimensional Individual Printed Model Combined with Three-Dimensional Digital Demonstration Can Facilitate Patient’s Preoperative Comprehension to Robotic-Assisted Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy

Abstract Background: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of full-size three-dimensional individual printed model (3D-IPM) based on computerized tomography (CT) reconstruction combined with 3D individual digital models (3D-IDMs) for improving the patient’s and their families’ comprehension levels of robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (RALPN) preoperatively. Methods: Between January 2020 and January 2021, 37 patients underwent RALPN in our institution. 3D individual digital models (3D-IDMs) were reconstructed based on the data of computerized tomography (CT) scanning and full-size 3D-IPMs were fabricated correspondingly. For each patient and his/her closest accompanying immediate family member (CAIFM) (spouse or son/daughter), two semi-structured conversations were held by using CT films (1st conversation) and 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration (2nd one) respectively. The preoperative levels of comprehension were evaluated quantitatively by using a self-made preoperative comprehending score (PCS) in the patients and CAIFMs. Results: All the fabrications of full-size 3D-IPMs and all the operations were technically successful. The total PCS elevated significantly by presenting 3D-IPM combined with 3D-IDM demonstration compared with CT films (42.5 vs 35.5 in patients, P<0.001; 42.9 vs 35.8 in CAIFMs, P<0.001). Sub-PCSs in the evaluating aspects of renal anatomy, mass characteristics, the upcoming RALPN procedure, potential complication risks and prognosis also showed a uniformed climbing pattern with the assistance of 3D-IPM+3D-IDM. Conclusion: The application of 3D-IPM presentation combined with 3D-IDM demonstration can improve the preoperative comprehension of patient and CAIFM to RALPN with more intuitionistic and verisimilar presentation， and can be used in RALPN patient education for increasing patients’ and their families’ cognitive empowerment.