Experimental study of deposition characteristics of electrospray as a function of experimental parameters

Experimental study of deposition characteristics of electrospray as a function of experimental parameters | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Experimental study of deposition characteristics of electrospray as a function of experimental parameters Ji Yeop Kim, Mun Hee Lee, Jung Goo Hong This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6631961/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract In this study, the spray mode and droplet size of an electrospray system were compared with those of a system incorporating a ring electrode. The parameters of the ring electrode specifically, the outer diameter of the nozzle, the nozzle-to-ring distance, and the applied voltage were examined to evaluate their influence on the droplet size and spray characteristics. In addition, the experimentally obtained droplet sizes were compared with values calculated using existing theoretical models. The Sauter mean diameter (SMD) for ethanol and distilled water was calculated using the equations: SMD ethanol = a(1 + RNV) b and SMD water = a(1 + RNV) b , where RNV denotes the applied ring-to-nozzle voltage. These equations are applicable for determining nozzle-to-ring/outer-diameter ratios up to a maximum of 10. Electrospray Ring electrode Cone jet mode SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter) Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-6631961","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":464645490,"identity":"90a20216-5e83-4a27-8c95-40bbfc9b2698","order_by":0,"name":"Ji Yeop Kim","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kyungpook National University Bukgu","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ji","middleName":"Yeop","lastName":"Kim","suffix":""},{"id":464645491,"identity":"7cf09a1d-de92-4829-bdba-338365e38210","order_by":1,"name":"Mun Hee Lee","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Kyungpook National University Bukgu","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Mun","middleName":"Hee","lastName":"Lee","suffix":""},{"id":464645492,"identity":"c87aaca3-1c2d-47b8-918c-f6930b283bb2","order_by":2,"name":"Jung Goo Hong","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAA2UlEQVRIiWNgGAWjYBACxgYeEPWfh58HKiJBpBZmOckeYrUwMEC0GBucIVYLc//ag48LfrElbj5z9pgEQ40dg+TsAwQcNuNdsvHMPp7EbWf70iQYjiUzSPMlENJyxkyat0cicdt5HjMJBrYDDHI8+HXAtBgkbu4HaflHjJb+HjNpnh8Jxga8PWYSjG0HGKQJ28JjbMzbcEBO4swZY4vEvmQeeGjjAob9Zwwf8/w5wMPfk2N448M3O6BeQlpmJACtaoPyEqDRhBfI8x8Akn8IqhsFo2AUjIKRDAD14TxTRhfqFQAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"","institution":"Kyungpook National University Bukgu","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Jung","middleName":"Goo","lastName":"Hong","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-05-10 02:23:15","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6631961/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6631961/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":97876120,"identity":"987c1b63-74ef-413a-a365-f21cf1f5539b","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2025-12-10 11:09:46","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":696066,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"Experimentalstudyofdepositioncharacteristicsofelectrosprayasafunctionofexperimentalparametersmainscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6631961/v1_covered_881201df-e54f-449c-a63a-914c2e0adb41.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Experimental study of deposition characteristics of electrospray as a function of experimental parameters","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Electrospray, Ring electrode, Cone jet mode, SMD (Sauter Mean Diameter)","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6631961/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6631961/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"\u003cp\u003eIn this study, the spray mode and droplet size of an electrospray system were compared with those of a system incorporating a ring electrode. The parameters of the ring electrode specifically, the outer diameter of the nozzle, the nozzle-to-ring distance, and the applied voltage were examined to evaluate their influence on the droplet size and spray characteristics. In addition, the experimentally obtained droplet sizes were compared with values calculated using existing theoretical models. The Sauter mean diameter (SMD) for ethanol and distilled water was calculated using the equations: SMD\u003csub\u003eethanol\u003c/sub\u003e = a(1\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;RNV)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e and SMD\u003csub\u003ewater\u003c/sub\u003e = a(1\u0026thinsp;+\u0026thinsp;RNV)\u003csup\u003eb\u003c/sup\u003e, where RNV denotes the applied ring-to-nozzle voltage. 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