Synchronization in coherently and dissipatively coupled spinor polariton time crystals | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Synchronization in coherently and dissipatively coupled spinor polariton time crystals Alejandro Fainstein, Ignacio Carraro-Haddad, Iván Ramos-Perez, and 6 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The spinor degree of freedom associated to exciton-polariton condensates can spontaneously self-oscillate breaking time translation symmetry, thus showing a continuous time-crystal (CTC) behavior. An open question in such driven-dissipative and non-linear quantum open systems is what happens when CTCs are brought together to interact. Here we experimentally study polariton condensates in coupled traps, evidencing mutual induction and synchronization of the pseudospin temporal GHz dynamics in the CTC phase. The individual and relative orientation of the (limit cycle) precessing pseudospins can be tuned by the optical excitation power, displaying both ferro and anti-ferro dynamical configurations. We theoretically show that the exciton reservoir, and both the coherent and long-range dissipative inter-trap coupling, play important roles in the CTC dynamics. The investigation of time-broken symmetry is thus extended here to more complex non-hermitian systems opening the path to study self-sustained collective dynamics in lattices of non-linear quantum condensates. Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical materials and structures/Microresonators Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanoscale devices/Nanophotonics and plasmonics Full Text Additional Declarations There is NO Competing Interest. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-8491253","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":575073084,"identity":"9fe8691c-4b59-4b5a-9414-2d0e8499c28c","order_by":0,"name":"Alejandro Fainstein","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAABBklEQVRIie2PsWrDMBCGzwicReDVQ2lfQSGgEjD2g3Q5IXCnPkEDdQm4r5CX6Fo6KhwkS6hWQxZ76exu6VYpUCgFO+1WqL7hOB36+O8AAoG/yMSXDPjxga4DiO7NqMJ8Kb3CvFJ6pfqR8tnRcTiqJEu2SQHzs8vErtvu2eaPD+RSFtnVkJJSrAWg5vOVZkLt9vppp5yyKW+qIYf4tI0OjIuGxamq91oap0QVDSoXlPQG8I4LS5ODql+0tN24IohHLSBxYXQMqja5bE6kTCmeCcStW0zP3GIaZeNScOSW8+3yNe3xthB23b2913kh7XXX9ots+HwPfulV9X1ykuI3nwOBQOB/8AGMqF8/0Ie90AAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7875-3609","institution":"Centro Atomico Bariloche (CNEA)","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alejandro","middleName":"","lastName":"Fainstein","suffix":""},{"id":575073085,"identity":"ef273fb7-087a-47c9-b93d-04b2145a8fbd","order_by":1,"name":"Ignacio Carraro-Haddad","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1635-2732","institution":"Centro Atómico Bariloche and Instituto Balseiro","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Ignacio","middleName":"","lastName":"Carraro-Haddad","suffix":""},{"id":575073086,"identity":"f7475bbc-ef8c-4c2a-a196-d00a9254c9cd","order_by":2,"name":"Iván Ramos-Perez","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Instituto Balseiro","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Iván","middleName":"","lastName":"Ramos-Perez","suffix":""},{"id":575073087,"identity":"b5dbeb15-e3df-4a7a-a6d3-de4967dbce1b","order_by":3,"name":"Gonzalo Usaj","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3044-5778","institution":"Centro Atómico Bariloche \u0026 Instituto Balseiro","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Gonzalo","middleName":"","lastName":"Usaj","suffix":""},{"id":575073088,"identity":"331e5ed0-1fc0-4dc9-a7ce-1e7812376fa2","order_by":4,"name":"Axel Bruchhausen","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Centro Atomico Bariloche (CNEA)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Axel","middleName":"","lastName":"Bruchhausen","suffix":""},{"id":575073089,"identity":"d8568151-a68d-4a2a-92d1-d33ae6cca0fe","order_by":5,"name":"Klaus Biermann","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4804-0784","institution":"Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Klaus","middleName":"","lastName":"Biermann","suffix":""},{"id":575073090,"identity":"7b1cdffb-2856-4e23-a203-45589c1c98be","order_by":6,"name":"Alexander Kuznetsov","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1569-0791","institution":"Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Alexander","middleName":"","lastName":"Kuznetsov","suffix":""},{"id":575073091,"identity":"468e75e8-323e-4f07-ac20-6a3cce0cffda","order_by":7,"name":"Paulo Santos","email":"","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0218-8030","institution":"Paul-Drude-Institut für Festkörperelektronik, Leibniz-Institut im Forschungsverbund Berlin e.V.","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Paulo","middleName":"","lastName":"Santos","suffix":""},{"id":575073092,"identity":"b7c694cc-ecf1-422f-96c6-07e92fc3565d","order_by":8,"name":"Andrés Reynoso","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Centro Atomico Bariloche (CNEA)","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Andrés","middleName":"","lastName":"Reynoso","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2025-12-31 16:51:27","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":101753524,"identity":"e1665a0d-856f-4694-a88b-85f195cdc900","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2026-02-03 10:40:12","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":5838466,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"Article File","description":"","filename":"CoupledTCsCarraroHaddadNatPhys.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-8491253/v1_covered_c57838bd-df4c-44f5-995b-4257b49432a6.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"There is \u003cb\u003eNO\u003c/b\u003e Competing Interest.","formattedTitle":"Synchronization in coherently and dissipatively coupled spinor polariton time crystals","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":true,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"nature-portfolio","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"","title":"Nature Portfolio","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":false,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"The spinor degree of freedom associated to exciton-polariton condensates can spontaneously self-oscillate breaking time translation symmetry, thus showing a continuous time-crystal (CTC) behavior. An open question in such driven-dissipative and non-linear quantum open systems is what happens when CTCs are brought together to interact. Here we experimentally study polariton condensates in coupled traps, evidencing mutual induction and synchronization of the pseudospin temporal GHz dynamics in the CTC phase. The individual and relative orientation of the (limit cycle) precessing pseudospins can be tuned by the optical excitation power, displaying both ferro and anti-ferro dynamical configurations. We theoretically show that the exciton reservoir, and both the coherent and long-range dissipative inter-trap coupling, play important roles in the CTC dynamics. The investigation of time-broken symmetry is thus extended here to more complex non-hermitian systems opening the path to study self-sustained collective dynamics in lattices of non-linear quantum condensates.","manuscriptTitle":"Synchronization in coherently and dissipatively coupled spinor polariton time crystals","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2026-02-02 04:11:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-8491253/v1","editorialEvents":[],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"
[email protected]","identity":"nature-communications","isNatureJournal":true,"hasQc":false,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"NCOMMS","sideBox":"Learn more about [Nature Communications](http://www.nature.com/ncomms/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://mts-ncomms.nature.com/","title":"Nature Communications","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"ejp","reportingPortfolio":"Nature Communications","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"451cfef4-bda7-4e57-a587-d658d3a60db7","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 2nd, 2026","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":61190353,"name":"Physical sciences/Optics and photonics/Optical materials and structures/Microresonators"},{"id":61190354,"name":"Physical sciences/Nanoscience and technology/Nanoscale devices/Nanophotonics and plasmonics"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-02-02T04:11:37+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2026-02-02 04:11:37","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-8491253","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-8491253","identity":"rs-8491253","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"XKTyCvWXoU3ODBz1xrDgd","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}
Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below.
Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure
cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can
have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy
(via DOI)
is the canonical version.