Temporal-Spatial Evolution Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies of Heat Transfer in Deep Carbonate Geothermal Reservoirs under Multi-Physics Coupling: A Case Study of the D22 Well in the Xiongan New Area, China

Temporal-Spatial Evolution Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies of Heat Transfer in Deep Carbonate Geothermal Reservoirs under Multi-Physics Coupling: A Case Study of the D22 Well in the Xiongan New Area, China | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Temporal-Spatial Evolution Mechanisms and Optimization Strategies of Heat Transfer in Deep Carbonate Geothermal Reservoirs under Multi-Physics Coupling: A Case Study of the D22 Well in the Xiongan New Area, China Xinghui Wu, Peng Li, Bolin Mu, Meifeng Cai, Yan Liu, Wensai Xiong This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-7467377/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract The efficient development of deep carbonate geothermal reservoirs faces complex challenges arising from multi-physics thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (THMC) coupling interactions. This study establishes a COMSOL-based THMC model using geological data from the deep geothermal system in the Xiongan New Area. We systematically examine the synergistic effects of fracture aperture, injection/production rates, and chemical precipitation on reservoir performance. Numerical simulations reveal three key findings: (1) Heat transfer efficiency increases significantly with fracture apertures > 2 mm but declines beyond 3 mm due to reduced connectivity; (2) CaCO₃ precipitation causes an annual permeability attenuation of 2.1%, while cyclic acid injection (pH 4–5, five-year intervals) reduces cumulative permeability loss by 9.2%; (3) Optimal injection rates of 30–50 kg/s yield minimal levelized energy costs (0.09/kWh)and maximum net present value( $ 19.5 million). This study contributes to the geothermal modeling field by providing a strongly coupled THMC framework that integrates geochemical feedback and economic evaluation to optimize fracture engineering strategies for deep carbonate reservoirs. Geothermal reservoir THMC modeling Fracture aperture impact analysis Reactive transport Heat recovery efficiency Economic evaluation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Posted Version 1 posted You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-7467377","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":534221090,"identity":"7b3e3eb0-09a2-4e86-87b8-b6fef3c010de","order_by":0,"name":"Xinghui Wu","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"Zaozhuang University","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Xinghui","middleName":"","lastName":"Wu","suffix":""},{"id":534221092,"identity":"93e839a2-fc47-4379-b122-329b98d3f66d","order_by":1,"name":"Peng 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China","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":true,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":false,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"researchsquare","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":true,"externalIdentity":"","sideBox":"","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"/submission","title":"Research Square","twitterHandle":"researchsquare","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"","reportingPortfolio":"","inReviewEnabled":false,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"Geothermal reservoir, THMC modeling, Fracture aperture impact analysis, Reactive transport, Heat recovery 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