Personalized Occlusal Scheme: Occlusion and Biomechanical Risk Factors in Implant-Supported Complete Fixed Dentures. Narrative Review

The biophysiological differences between teeth and dental implants and the issue of occlusal overload, although controversial, form the basis for the management of occlusion in im-plant-supported fixed complete dental prostheses (IFCDPs). Although occlusion management is currently lacking in scientific evidence, it is nevertheless evident that the favorable prognosis of IFCDPs is linked to a correct understanding of the biomechanical principles involved. In the de-sign of IFCDPs, the lack of proprioceptive feedback requires special attention to biomechanical factors: minimizing overload complications and conferring biomechanical stability are among the main goals of occlusion. In IFCDPs, the occlusion has to be decided on the basis of several factors affecting the loads on prosthesis and implants: each case has to be evaluated individually and needs a customized occlusion. The main goal of this narrative review is to provide an overview of the occlusal principles and materials that can be used in IFCDPs based on the data currently available in the literature. The research proposes practical clinical recommendations for the oc-clusion management of IFCDPs and a biomechanical risk score index aimed at customizing im-plant-prosthetic treatment.