A Dual-Loop Control Scheme for Energy-Efficient LED Lighting Systems

The escalating global population and depletion of energy resources have intensified the challenge of energy conservation, with buildings alone responsible for 30% to 40% of total energy consumption. Lighting, constituting up to 20% of global energy usage, necessitates innovative strategies for conservation. LED technology, renowned for its efficiency, serves as a pivotal solution. Various control methods, including proportional-derivative plus integral (PD+I) control, have been explored to enhance energy savings while ensuring visual comfort. Mathematical models, both linear and nonlinear, are employed for lamp characterization and control scheme design. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed PD+I control in achieving energy efficiency across different scenarios.