Gastrointestinal Quality of Life and Bowel Function in Adults Born With Anorectal Malformation and Hirschsprung Disease

Purpose: To assess the quality of life and disease-specific functioning of adults with anorectal malformations (ARM) or Hirschsprung disease (HD) compared to healthy reference scores. Methods Patients with the diagnosis of ARM or HD from the Adult Colorectal Research Registry completed the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQoLI), and the Bowel Function Score (BFS) between October 2019 and August 2022. One-sample Wilcoxon test compared the results to reported healthy references with a significance level of < 0.05. Results The response rate was 67%. All three surveys were completed by 133 adults with a slight preponderance of males (51%). Median age was 31 years, 117 were born with ARM and 16 with HD. All subgroups had significantly lower BFS than healthy references. ARM patients scored significantly lower than the healthy reference population when assessed for GIQoL. All showed significant impairment with the mental component summary (MCS) of SF-36. Patients with a successful bowel management had significantly higher scores on all three questionnaires than those with fecal accidents. Conclusion Our results emphasize the importance of a successful bowel management and its impact on the quality of life and bowel function. Long-term follow-up is recommended with attention to mental health.