The relation between vitamin D level, body mass index, and post-menopausal endometrial thickness

Mawaje Malik Manih, Nawfal Azzo
In: International Journal of Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology · 2021 · vol. 5(3) , pp. 385–389 · doi:10.33545/gynae.2021.v5.i3f.952 · W3178488886
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⚙ AI-generated summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-08 ⓘ

This study found that lower vitamin D levels were significantly associated with increased post-menopausal endometrial thickness in women, with and without bleeding or endometrial cancer.

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⚙ AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-09 ⓘ

This cross-sectional study assessed the relationship between vitamin D level, body mass index (BMI), and post-menopausal endometrial thickness (≥5 mm) in 100 post-menopausal women attending Baghdad Teaching Hospital in 2020, using trans-vaginal ultrasound measurements plus BMI and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D testing. Women with post-menopausal bleeding underwent endometrial biopsy and histopathology, stratifying them into malignant (group I) versus non-malignant (group II), while women without vaginal bleeding formed group III. Endometrial thickness differed significantly across groups (P=0.02), whereas BMI did not differ significantly (P=0.3), and logistic regression indicated a significant association between vitamin D and endometrial thickness (p=0.02). The paper relates vitamin D inversely to post-menopausal endometrial thickness and discusses its relation to post-menopausal bleeding and probability of endometrial cancer, and it does not explicitly state a limitation about design or sampling in the provided text. This paper is centrally about endometriosis and/or adenomyosis? It is not specifically about either condition; it was included in the corpus via keyword match because it examines post-menopausal gynecologic endometrial changes relevant to disorders of the endometrium.

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Abstract

Background: Endometrial thickening is a commonly measured parameter on routine gynecological ultrasound and magnetic resonance image. Recent studies show there is a relation between vitamin D (vit D), obesity and the degree of endometrial thickness. Aim of the study: To assess the relation between Vit (D) level and body mass index with post-menopausal endometrium thickness. Patients and Method: A cross sectional study that carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Baghdad Teaching Hospital from the first of Jan 2020 to the end of Dec 2020. A sample of 100 post-menopausal women participated in the study after fulfilling inclusion criteria (Menopause for 12 months, endometrial thickness ≥5 mm) for each patient we did for her pelvic ultrasound for endometrial thickness, measure Vit (D) level and body mass index. The patients were divided into: - patients who had post-menopausal bleeding we did endometrial biopsy and sent for histopathology depending on the result subdivided into group I with malignant changes and group II without malignant changes and group III = patients without Vaginal bleeding. Results: Endometrial thickness in group I was (16.15 ± 8.4) for group II was (14.3 ± 7) and for group III with significant difference found (P = 0.02), BMI were represented in group I (37.25 ± 5.15), (30.6 ± 8) for group II and (31.63 ± 7.47) in group III with no significant difference (P = 0.3), on logistic regression between these parameters and (ET) the result was significant with (vit D) with (p value = 0.02). Conclusion: Vitamin (D) level inversely related for post-menopausal endometrial thickness, post-menopausal bleeding and probability of endometrial cancer.

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