A Virtual Environment-based Training System for the Blind Wheelchair User through use of 3D Audio Supported by EEG

Many difficulties are encountered by people with disabilities, especially when a diagnosis is made up of more than one dysfunction, as is the case of visually impaired wheelchair users. In fact, this scenario generates a degree of incapacity in terms of the performing of basic activities on the part of the wheelchair user. The treatment of disabled patients is performed in an individualized manner according to their particular clinical aspects. People with visual and motor disabilities are restricted in independent navigation. In this navigation scenario, there is a requirement for interaction, this requirement justifies the use of Virtual Reality (VR). In addition, locomotion needs to possess natural control, in order to be successfully incorporated. Based on such a condition, Electroencephalography (EEG) has shown great advances in the area of health, concerning spontaneous brain signals. This research demonstrates through experiment, the use of a wheelchair adapted with support of VR and EEG for the training of locomotion and individualized interaction of wheelchair users with visual impairment. The objective being to provide efficient interactions, thus allowing social inclusion of patients considered otherwise incapacitated. This project was based on the following criteria natural control, feedback, stimuli and safety. A multi-layer computer rehabilitation system was developed incorporating natural interaction supported by EEG, which activates the movements in the Virtual Environment and real wheelchair through adequately performed experiments. This research consists of elaborating a suitable approach for blind wheelchair user patients. The results demonstrated that the use of Virtual Reality with EEG signals has the potential for improving the quality of life and independence of blind wheelchair users.