Епително-мезенхимен преход при ендометриални карциноми, карциносаркоми на маточното тяло и ендометриоза

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) causes reduced intercellular adhesion in the process of carcinogenesis; the epithelial cells’ shape changes to more elongated, losing cellular polarity, combined with increased mobility and proliferative potential. The dissertation includes a retrospective study of biopsies of tumors of the uterine body and endometriosis from the departments of clinical pathology at UMHAT “St.George” and UMHAT “Pulmed” over a period of 3 years. Our aim was to evaluate the significance of EMT in the evolution of endometrial carcinomas, carcinosarcomas of the uterine body and endometriosis, using immunohistochemical markers: e-cadherin, beta-catenin, vimetin, estrogen, p53 and Ki67. The tumor cells proliferate and differentiate in their microenvironment. The study of EMT and the proof of epithelial and mesenchymal markers can give a new viewing angle to the progression and invasion of uterine tumors. Endometriosis is an estrogen-dependent disease, which includes adhesion, invasion and angiogenesis of endometrial glands and stroma outside the uterine cavity and is a suitable model for expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers. From a morphological aspect, there are various types of malignant epithelial tumors, which are biologically and pathogenetically different. Carcinosarcomas represent about 10% of the malignant tumors of the uterus. The diagnosis relies on the presence of two components – epithelial and mesenchymal.