Flexibility evaluation of a new distribution system based on cooperative game-Gaussian cloud model

preprint OA: closed CC-BY-4.0
📄 Open PDF Full text JSON View at publisher
AI-generated deep summary by claude@2026-06, 2026-06-24 · read from full text

The paper develops and tests a flexibility evaluation framework for a new electrical distribution system by constructing an index system spanning power supply, grid, load, and energy storage, using four first-level and twelve secondary indicators. It applies a cooperative game approach to integrate three indicator-weighting methods—entropy weight, CRITIC, and coefficient of variation—to improve weighting accuracy, then uses a Gaussian cloud model to analyze a case from a region in China. The Gaussian cloud model results are compared with those from a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to support reliability and accuracy, with the study reporting that the method can identify weak links. The main caveat is that the validation is based on a single regional example rather than broader datasets, limiting generalizability. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

Read from the paper's body, not the abstract. Not a substitute for reading the paper. No clinical advice. How this works

Abstract

Abstract Scientific and reasonable evaluation of the flexibility of the new distribution system is of great significance for the construction of the new distribution system. Firstly, based on the characteristics of the new distribution system, a flexibility evaluation index system with 4 first-level indicators and 12 secondary-level indicators is established from the four levels of power supply side, grid side, load side and energy storage side. Secondly, the cooperative game idea is used to combine and assign the three objective assignment methods, namely, entropy weight method, CRITIC method and coefficient of variation method, to ensure the accuracy of the weighting results. Finally, the Gaussian cloud model is used to analyze the distribution system in a region of China, and the calculation results of the Gaussian cloud model in the example are compared with the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to verify the reliability and accuracy of the method. The results show that the proposed evaluation method can identify the weak links of the new distribution system and provide theoretical reference for accelerating the construction and sustainable development of the new distribution system.
Full text 12,380 characters · extracted from preprint-html · click to expand
Flexibility evaluation of a new distribution system based on cooperative game-Gaussian cloud model | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Flexibility evaluation of a new distribution system based on cooperative game-Gaussian cloud model Dai Xinyin This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 30 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Electrical Engineering → Version 1 posted 12 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Scientific and reasonable evaluation of the flexibility of the new distribution system is of great significance for the construction of the new distribution system. Firstly, based on the characteristics of the new distribution system, a flexibility evaluation index system with 4 first-level indicators and 12 secondary-level indicators is established from the four levels of power supply side, grid side, load side and energy storage side. Secondly, the cooperative game idea is used to combine and assign the three objective assignment methods, namely, entropy weight method, CRITIC method and coefficient of variation method, to ensure the accuracy of the weighting results. Finally, the Gaussian cloud model is used to analyze the distribution system in a region of China, and the calculation results of the Gaussian cloud model in the example are compared with the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to verify the reliability and accuracy of the method. The results show that the proposed evaluation method can identify the weak links of the new distribution system and provide theoretical reference for accelerating the construction and sustainable development of the new distribution system. New distribution system Flexibility evaluation Cooperative game Gaussian cloud modeling Comprehensive evaluation Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 30 Sep, 2024 Read the published version in Electrical Engineering → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 16 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 12 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 06 Aug, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Aug, 2024 Reviews received at journal 30 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2024 Reviewers agreed at journal 29 Jul, 2024 Reviewers invited by journal 29 Jul, 2024 Editor assigned by journal 11 Jun, 2024 Submission checks completed at journal 11 Jun, 2024 First submitted to journal 11 Jun, 2024 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-4562553","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":316336200,"identity":"da328a6f-00c8-414c-ad4c-e281a5ada802","order_by":0,"name":"Dai Xinyin","email":"data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAZAAAAAyAQMAAABI0h/eAAAABlBMVEX///8AAABVwtN+AAAACXBIWXMAAA7EAAAOxAGVKw4bAAAAy0lEQVRIie3RsQrCMBCA4SuB6BBaxwR8iAOhOBR8EJdIoZOupUMRQaiL4MP4AkqgXYJdO6ZvoJuj1cktGQXzz/dxOQLg8/1iFyBGFpxFhFyNK6Fo9HwqDjRFVwKir4oEWxZPnETYrRFXFWczBTFAmSytRGiNRt44ixVkBupss7MRbI6IMv+QBoOdciCKIZd0eNg+qLgbGbZwOdyChFA3InSdo9SccUUJSpdbwi49989iu4hO7cPcy8ROAMZfHyjt4+9Gxm3O5/P5/rcX054/aphQDVwAAAAASUVORK5CYII=","orcid":"","institution":"North China Electric Power University","correspondingAuthor":true,"prefix":"","firstName":"Dai","middleName":"","lastName":"Xinyin","suffix":""}],"badges":[],"createdAt":"2024-06-11 08:39:21","currentVersionCode":1,"declarations":"","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1","doiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1","draftVersion":[],"editorialEvents":[{"content":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-024-02728-7","type":"published","date":"2024-09-30T15:56:58+00:00"}],"editorialNote":"","failedWorkflow":false,"files":[{"id":66096694,"identity":"9b2906c1-c4a0-4356-9caa-d6a054ffa620","added_by":"auto","created_at":"2024-10-07 16:07:08","extension":"pdf","order_by":1,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":7112419,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscriptee.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-4562553/v1_covered_bb81f2d4-1452-4934-9fa4-13bf6190d27e.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Flexibility evaluation of a new distribution system based on cooperative game-Gaussian cloud model","fulltext":[],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":false,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":true,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":true,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"electrical-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"elen","sideBox":"Learn more about [Electrical Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/202)","snPcode":"202","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/202/3","title":"Electrical Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false},"keywords":"New distribution system, Flexibility evaluation, Cooperative game, Gaussian cloud modeling, Comprehensive evaluation","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Scientific and reasonable evaluation of the flexibility of the new distribution system is of great significance for the construction of the new distribution system. Firstly, based on the characteristics of the new distribution system, a flexibility evaluation index system with 4 first-level indicators and 12 secondary-level indicators is established from the four levels of power supply side, grid side, load side and energy storage side. Secondly, the cooperative game idea is used to combine and assign the three objective assignment methods, namely, entropy weight method, CRITIC method and coefficient of variation method, to ensure the accuracy of the weighting results. Finally, the Gaussian cloud model is used to analyze the distribution system in a region of China, and the calculation results of the Gaussian cloud model in the example are compared with the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model to verify the reliability and accuracy of the method. The results show that the proposed evaluation method can identify the weak links of the new distribution system and provide theoretical reference for accelerating the construction and sustainable development of the new distribution system.","manuscriptTitle":"Flexibility evaluation of a new distribution system based on cooperative game-Gaussian cloud model","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2024-06-26 09:19:48","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-4562553/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2024-08-16T12:21:30+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-08-12T08:21:40+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-08-06T18:55:05+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"249985400628928807473406126925679713495","date":"2024-08-01T18:57:33+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2024-07-30T09:42:20+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"331577342438470523910608114451547271004","date":"2024-07-29T15:17:05+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"225903392160650775287730844491613546554","date":"2024-07-29T14:46:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"300125629643943075316118285727923352950","date":"2024-07-29T14:03:22+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2024-07-29T13:47:56+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2024-06-11T10:03:43+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2024-06-11T09:17:22+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Electrical Engineering","date":"2024-06-11T08:38:08+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"electrical-engineering","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"elen","sideBox":"Learn more about [Electrical Engineering](http://link.springer.com/journal/202)","snPcode":"202","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/202/3","title":"Electrical Engineering","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"78397aaa-35ff-47e9-95f2-eaf3c2e72c54","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 26th, 2024","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2024-10-07T15:59:08+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-4562553","link":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-024-02728-7","journal":{"identity":"electrical-engineering","isVorOnly":false,"title":"Electrical Engineering"},"publishedOn":"2024-09-30 15:56:58","publishedOnDateReadable":"September 30th, 2024"},"versionCreatedAt":"2024-06-26 09:19:48","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1007/s00202-024-02728-7","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00202-024-02728-7","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-4562553","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-4562553","identity":"rs-4562553","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"qtupq5eGEP_6zYnWcrvyt","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}

Text is read by the "Ask this paper" AI Q&A widget below. Extraction quality varies by source — PMC NXML preserves structure cleanly, OA-HTML may include some navigation residue, and OA-PDF can have broken hyphenation. The publisher copy (via DOI) is the canonical version.

My notes (saved in your browser only)

Ask this paper AI returns verbatim quotes from the full text · source: preprint-html

Answers must be backed by verbatim quotes from this paper's full text. Hallucinated quotes are dropped automatically; if no verbatim passage answers the question, we say so. How this works

Citation neighborhood (no data yet)

We don't have any in-corpus citations linked to this paper yet. This is a recent paper (2024) — citers typically take a year or two to land, and the OpenAlex reference graph may still be filling in.

Source provenance

europepmc
last seen: 2026-05-20T01:45:00.602351+00:00
unpaywall
last seen: 2026-05-27T02:00:06.600101+00:00
License: CC-BY-4.0