Awareness and Acceptability of Prenatal Diagnosis of Sickle Cell Disease among Mothers of Affected Children in a Northern Nigerian Teaching Hospital

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This study found low awareness but high acceptability of prenatal diagnosis for sickle cell disease among mothers of affected children in Northern Nigeria, with education and disease severity influencing acceptance.

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The study assessed awareness and acceptability of prenatal diagnosis for sickle cell disease among mothers of affected children attending a northern Nigerian teaching hospital, using survey-based methods to measure what participants knew and how willing they were to use prenatal testing. It found that mothers’ levels of awareness and their acceptability of prenatal diagnosis varied, indicating that informational and attitudinal factors are important for uptake. A key limitation stated by the paper is that the findings come from a single hospital setting and reflect self-reported responses, which may not generalize to broader populations. The paper does not explicitly discuss endometriosis or adenomyosis; it was included in the corpus via a keyword match in the upstream search index.

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Abstract

Background: Nigeria has the highest global prevalence of sickle cell disease (SCD), necessitating effective preventive measures to control the disease. Prenatal diagnosis (PND) is a key early intervention for SCD, yet there is a shortage of studies in Northern Nigeria focusing on mothers of children with SCD. These mothers not only carry the burden of the disease but also face the risk of having more affected children, making them vital stakeholders in managing and controlling SCD. This study assessed the awareness and acceptability of prenatal diagnosis PND for SCD among mothers of children with the disease. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 297 mothers of children with SCD attending the Paediatric Haematology clinic at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria. Data were collected via an interviewer-administered questionnaire addressing the characteristics of the children and mothers, as well as their awareness, attitudes, and acceptability of PND. SPSS version 23 was used for data analysis, with a p-value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results Most participants (90.9%) were of Hausa ethnicity and 97.0% were of Islamic faith. A majority (77.8%) had less than tertiary education, and 57.9% lacked personal income. Nearly 41% had more than one child affected by SCD, and about one-fifth had lost a child to SCD complications. Only 22.2% of mothers had heard of PND, mostly from healthcare workers, and just 0.3% had undergone the procedure. After receiving information about PND, 93.3% were willing to accept it, though 45% of those who declined cited religious beliefs. Factors associated with PND acceptance included the mother's education and the child’s SCD severity. Conclusion Awareness of PND among at-risk mothers is low, yet most expressed willingness to accept it. Educational level and disease severity were associated with PND acceptability.
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