Research on the optimization of grouting flow detection sensor layouts based on laser ranging technology

Research on the optimization of grouting flow detection sensor layouts based on laser ranging technology | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Article Research on the optimization of grouting flow detection sensor layouts based on laser ranging technology Lichang Wang, Wei Long, Zhanghui Fei, Zhongli Yang, Meng Xu, Lu Wang This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-5256043/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 May, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted 8 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract Accurate grouting flow measurement is critical for optimizing construction quality and reducing material waste in geotechnical engineering. While electromagnetic flowmeters are widely used, their precision deteriorates significantly under low-flow conditions. This study proposes a laser ranging-based method to address this limitation by analyzing slurry liquid level fluctuations in mixing drums. Through theoretical modeling, indoor experiments, and numerical simulations, the liquid level fluctuation patterns under varying water-cement ratios (0.5:1–5:1) and stirring speeds (40–80 r/min) were investigated. Key findings reveal that liquid level stability increases radially outward from the stirring shaft for ratios ≥0.7:1 but inversely for 0.5:1. The slurry surface was categorized into three zones: a turbulent central zone (within 1/3 radius, R/3), a stable intermediate zone (R/3–7R/8), and a high-fluctuation wall zone (7R/8–R). Optimal sensor placement in the stable zone reduced measurement errors to 0.83% (power-function-distributed sensors) and 1.12% (uniformly spaced sensors), significantly outperforming electromagnetic flowmeters (up to 20% error). This work provides a validated framework for sensor layout optimization, enhancing the reliability of laser-based grouting flow detection in practical applications. Earth and environmental sciences/Environmental sciences Physical sciences/Engineering laser ranging technology sensor layout liquid level fluctuations numerical simulation slurry float Full Text Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 May, 2025 Read the published version in Scientific Reports → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Accepted 15 Apr, 2025 Reviews received at journal 02 Apr, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 28 Mar, 2025 Reviews received at journal 26 Mar, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 26 Mar, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 25 Mar, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 24 Mar, 2025 First submitted to journal 15 Mar, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-5256043","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":434284721,"identity":"4a22876a-0f31-4a49-baa7-c6d8f6dad328","order_by":0,"name":"Lichang Wang","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of Geosciences and info-physics, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China","correspondingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Lichang","middleName":"","lastName":"Wang","suffix":""},{"id":434284722,"identity":"296c8acf-11a8-4356-90c6-45fedaa425b2","order_by":1,"name":"Wei Long","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"School of 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While electromagnetic flowmeters are widely used, their precision deteriorates significantly under low-flow conditions. This study proposes a laser ranging-based method to address this limitation by analyzing slurry liquid level fluctuations in mixing drums. Through theoretical modeling, indoor experiments, and numerical simulations, the liquid level fluctuation patterns under varying water-cement ratios (0.5:1–5:1) and stirring speeds (40–80 r/min) were investigated. Key findings reveal that liquid level stability increases radially outward from the stirring shaft for ratios ≥0.7:1 but inversely for 0.5:1. The slurry surface was categorized into three zones: a turbulent central zone (within 1/3 radius, R/3), a stable intermediate zone (R/3–7R/8), and a high-fluctuation wall zone (7R/8–R). Optimal sensor placement in the stable zone reduced measurement errors to 0.83% (power-function-distributed sensors) and 1.12% (uniformly spaced sensors), significantly outperforming electromagnetic flowmeters (up to 20% error). 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