Prevalence of Uterine Lesions Associated with Leiomyomas and Role of Endometrial Biopsy in Management: A Recent Study

Background: Present study highlights the association between symptomatic patients of fibroids and its coexistence with pathologies like endometriosis, adenomyosis, polyp, endometrial hyperplasia, and carcinoma. The aim was to evaluate the role of endometrial biopsy before surgery. Objectives: To determine the association between symptomatic patients of uterine fibroids and its coexistence with other uterine pathologies like endometriosis, adenomyosis, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial carcinoma, and endometrial/cervical polyp. To evaluate the role of endometrial biopsy before undergoing operative management like hysterectomy/myomectomy. Methods: An Observational Cohort research was undertaken on women who had fibroid surgery or who had just been diagnosed with fibroid. There were 150 women in total. The histopathology reports of patients who had already been operated on were analysed to see if there was an association between uterine pathology and fibroid. Ultrasonography findings were noted in prospective instances, and patients with leiomyoma had biopsy and reports were analysed for the association. A Chi-square test was done to establish a relationship between a qualitative variable, and p-value <0.05 considered significant. Results: Out of 150,24.6% had adenomyosis,14% had endometrial hyperplasia in which 2% had atypia and 12% without atypia,8.6% had a cervical polyp,5.33% had an endometrial polyp, 4% had endometriosis, while 42.7% had no association. Conclusion: This study discovered an increasing tendency of leiomyomas along with uterine diseases. Early detection of endometrial diseases based on clinical history and imaging helps identify high-risk individuals who require a biopsy to rule out malignancy, thus avoiding routine D and C, which is done for every case.