The Intensive Care Outcome of Patients with a Solid Malignancy in a Tertiary Hospital in Saudi Arabia: A prospective Intensive Care Unit Registry Study

Abstract Aim: There is a paucity of research on the factors predicting mortality and prolonged stay in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) in critically ill patients with a solid malignancy. We aimed to assess the characteristics and outcomes of these patients who admitted to a medical ICU in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia, and determine the predictors of ICU mortality and ICU prolonged stay. Method: Clinical data from patients with solid tumors extracted from a comprehensive prospective ICU registry. We used logistic regression analysis to identify the predictors influencing ICU mortality and ICU prolonged stay. Results: Of 2883 patients admitted to the ICU, 364 patients identified with solid tumor were enrolled in this study. The most common solid tumor types were: breast (15.9%), colorectal (11.5%) and lung (9.9%) cancers. The ICU mortality rate was (32.4%), and there were 50 (13.7%) patients had a prolonged stay of ≥ 21 days. In the multivariate analysis, three factors were the independent predictors for the ICU mortality: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (P <.001), mechanical ventilation (P=.004) and inotropic/vasopressor agents (P=.018), and four variables were independent predictors for the prolonged stay in ICU: ICU acquired infection (P<.001), SOFA score (P <.001), mechanical ventilation (P<.001) and bilirubin (P=.049).Conclusion: In patients with solid tumour the ICU mortality is 32.4%, and 13.7% had a prolonged ICU stay. The reported outcome in this study indicate benefit from ICU care in this category of cases The identified predictors of ICU mortality and prolonged stay of patients would help in assessing the potential benefit of ICU admission, and prognostication.