Understanding and analyzing multilevel data from real-time monitoring studies: An easily- accessible tutorial using R

Although real-time monitoring methodology (also called ecological momentary assessment or experience sampling methodology) has become far more accessible in recent years, the methodologies to analyze data from real-time monitoring studies has not. The goal of this tutorial is to provide an easily-accessible overview of the basic theoretical concepts of multilevel modeling and the basics of conducting multilevel analyses in R. Topics in this tutorial include the theory behind multilevel modeling, structuring multilevel data, testing unconditional, two- and three-level models, logistic models, fixed and random effects, and centering data.