Landmark navigation in a mantis shrimp

Summary Mantis shrimp are predatory crustaceans that commonly occupy burrows in shallow, tropical waters worldwide. Most of these animals inhabit structurally complex, benthic environments where many potential landmarks are available. Mantis shrimp of the species Neogonodactylus oerstedii return to their burrows between foraging excursions using path integration, a vector-based navigational strategy that is prone to accumulated error. Here we show that N. oerstedii can navigate using landmarks in parallel with their path integration system, offseting error generated when navigating using solely path integration. We also report that when the path integration and landmark navigation systems are placed in conflict, N. oerstedii will orient using either system or even switch systems enroute. How they make the decision to trust one navigational system over another is unclear. These findings add to our understanding of the refined navigational toolkit N. oerstedii relies upon to efficiently navigate back to its burrow, complementing its robust, yet error prone, path integration system with landmark guidance.