Morphological and functional changes in the reproductive system of cows in gynecological pathology

G. P. Hryshchuk, S. V. Huralska, O. V. Pinskyi, Y. V. Kovalchuk, S. S. Zaika
In: Veterinary Science, Technologies of Animal Husbandry and Nature Management · 2025 · vol. 11 , pp. 84 · doi:10.31890/vttp.2025.11.08 · W7119909984
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Abstract

To date, the problem of infertility in cattle remains one of the most relevant into livestock. In this scientific work showing morphofunctional and histological peculiarities that accompanying infertility in cows. Research were carried out to determine the body condition of infertile cows with symptomatic infertility, based on morphological and histological studies of the internal genital organs. The material of the study was the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries of Ukrainian Black-and-White cows. For the analysis we used standard methods of tissue fixation and histological sections. The results showed that symptomatic infertility of cows occurs as a result of hypotension and subinvolution of the uterus, inflammatory processes in the fallopian tubes and ovaries, ovarian hypofunction and luteolysis disorders. Established that uterine hypotension complicates involutional processes, causing structural changes in the uterine horns. Morphometric analysis of the fallopian tubes found a connection between pathological changes in their structure and infertility. Histological research showed hypertrophy of the folds and hyperplasia of the mucosal epithelial cells, while in some parts epithelium was missing. Follicular atresia and folliculogenesis disorders were detected in the ovaries, which confirms the existence of hypofunction and explains the emergence of infertility. Overall research reresults reveal the importance of timely diagnosis and treatment of pathologies of the reproductive system, which are one of the main causes of infertility in cattle. Histological changes, in the form degeneration and desquamation of epithelium, are the key factors that determine the development of these pathological conditions. They have an important meaning in the formation of skills to the treatment and prevention of this pathology.

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