Effect of crop rotation and crop succession on microorganisms and yield of tobacco inter-root soil

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This study will clarify the effects of different planting styles on the microbial environment and yield of tobacco. The experiment was carried out in March-October 2023 in a tobacco planting demonstration field in Xianru Township, Dunhua City, Jilin Province.The experiment was conducted on inter-root soils of 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco, 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco, 2 years of continuous tobacco, 3 years of continuous tobacco. Soil nutrients and enzyme activities were determined, and the effects of microbial community structure on tobacco yield were analyzed based on 16S rDNA and ITS sequences. Crop rotation significantly increased the total nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and organic matter contents as well as protease activity of the inter-root soil, and significantly decreased the peroxidase activity. Crop rotation increased the bacterial diversity and richness of tobacco planting soil. Continuous cropping decreased the fungal diversity and increased the fungal richness of tobacco planting soil (P<0.05). The relative abundance of Gemmatimonas was significantly higher in crop rotation than in continuous cropping, while the relative abundance of Penicillium, Asterostroma and Fusarium in the continuous cropping pattern was significantly higher than that in the rotational cropping. Crop rotation pattern tobacco plant dry weight, stem circumference, maximum leaf length and wide leaf were increased, and the proportion of upper and medium tobacco increased. Gemmatimonas was positively correlated with plant height, stem girth and dry weight; Sphingomonas was positively correlated with medium and top-quality cigarettes; at the level of fungal genera, Asterostroma and Fusarium were negatively correlated with agronomic traits of tobacco. Corn-tobacco rotation can effectively improve soil fertility, enrich bacterial communities, and increase the proportion of indicator beneficial bacteria. Continuous cropping leads to increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria. This study provides theoretical support for the mitigation of tobacco continuous cropping disorder and the detection and remediation of farmland soil. tobacco crop rotation continuous cropping yield inter-root microorganisms Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Introduction Tobacco is an important economic crop in the world. Tobacco is also an economically important crop in China, primarily valued for its quality and yield [1] . The world produces 15 million tons of tobacco each year, with China accounting for about 40% of the world's production. China's tobacco planting area of about 1.41 million hm2. At present, the available arable land resources for tobacco planting are becoming increasingly tense, and most tobacco fields are facing continuous cultivation. Continuous cropping refers to the continuous cultivation of the same crop on the same field in 1 year or 2 years. Rotational cropping refers to the cultivation of different crops or multiple cropping combinations on the same field in order between seasons and years [2] . However, tobacco is a no-continuous crop, continuous planting will cause soil nutrient abnormality or excessive depletion, rapid propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and other hazards. This seriously affects tobacco yield and quality and constrains the green and healthy development of the tobacco industry. Therefore, how to rationally and effectively alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles in the tobacco area, balance the land nutrients as well as improve the soil microbial ecological environment, so as to improve the yield and quality of tobacco has become an important issue to be solved [3] [4] . Tobacco yields are reduced by a variety of factors. Unusual weather conditions such as droughts and floods can lead to slow development of the tobacco plant, in severe cases, even the death of the entire plant directly resulting in a significant drop in yield. Lack of essential nutrients in the soil also affects photosynthesis and growth metabolism. In addition, excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to soil compaction, impaired root growth affects the growth of the above-ground part, and ultimately reduces the yield [5] [6] . The most serious is the increase in the incidence of soil-borne diseases due to long-term continuous cropping, resulting in the stunting or even death of tobacco plants, which ultimately leads to a significant reduction in tobacco yield to extinction. Soil microorganisms participate in soil ecological function, environmental function and immune function to drive the operation of soil life system, which is the core and key to maintain soil health [7] . With in-depth research, soil microorganisms imbalance is the main cause of tobacco continuous cropping disorder. Continuous cropping of soils leads to the enrichment of harmful elements, over-consumption of tobacco's preferred nutrients, and degradation of beneficial microorganisms, which in turn reduces soil nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition. Active substances such as aromatic secondary metabolites secreted by the tobacco root system make tobacco more susceptible to chemosensory autotoxicity, increasing the risk of disease and resulting in lower yield and quality. At present, there are four main countermeasures to prevent and control yield reduction due to crop succession disorder. The first is variety optimization, screening and cultivating varieties that are resistant to continuous cropping，the second is soil improvement, applying fertilizers to improve soil structure，the third is biological control, using biocontrol fungicides, planting trap crops or companion plants to promote growth, and the fourth is the adoption of agricultural measures, with reasonable crop rotation, which can cause tobacco pathogens to lose their hosts, reduce the activity of the pathogens and alleviate the occurrence of the disease. Among them, crop rotation is the most effective countermeasure to alleviate the continuous crop barrier. Soil organic matter content is significantly increased after crop rotation. Rational crop rotation can effectively improve soil function, increase soil quick-acting nutrient content and soil enzyme activity, as well as prevent overpopulation of pathogenic bacteria, reduce the incidence of tobacco diseases and stabilize the ecosystem [8] . In addition, crop rotation can effectively reduce the occurrence and damage of tobacco black shin disease and tobacco viruses, increase the diversity of soil microorganisms in the inter-root zone of tobacco, improve soil fertility and tobacco quality and yield. Crop rotation has a clear positive effect in mitigating crop succession disorders. Currently, there are more studies on the effects of microbial communities, but the effects of different planting patterns on soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial community effects and yield are not well studied [9] [10] . In order to further investigate the relationship between microbial communities and yield under different cropping patterns, the present study was conducted on soils with four cropping patterns: 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation; 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation; 2 years of continuous cropping of tobacco and 3 years of continuous cropping of tobacco. In this study, the inter-root microbial community structure of rotated and continuous tobacco was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the effects of different cropping patterns of tobacco on soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial communities. This study is of great practical significance to alleviate the imbalance of microbial community structure caused by continuous cropping, to improve tobacco yield and reduce diseases, and to establish and optimize a reasonable crop rotation pattern. Materials and Methods 2.1 Experimental site The experimental site was at the tobacco planting base in Xianru Town, Dunhua City, Jilin Province, China. The experiment was set up with four treatments, namely, 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation of inter-root soil (RM1), 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation of inter-root soil (RM2), 2 years of tobacco continuous crop of inter-root soil (CT1), 3 years of tobacco continuous crop of inter-root soil (CT2). The row length of each treatment in the experimental field was 10 m, the row spacing was 120 cm, the plant spacing was 50 cm, the plot area was 30 m 2 with three replications. The tobacco fertilizer and water management measures were uniformly referred to the technical measures of China's tobacco high-quality tobacco production. 2.2 Collection of soil samples The collection period was August 2023 when the tobacco was mature, and 5-point sampling method was used to sample each sampling area. Soil samples were then collected by random sampling from the tobacco test plots. A soil drill with an inner diameter of 5 cm was used to collect 0 to 20 cm of tobacco soil at each point. Multiple soil samples were randomly collected at different locations in each plot, covering 0–20 cm soil layer. The surface soil was removed, and the inter-root soil(the part of the soil that is affected by root secretions or dead roots) of 15-20 cm from the tobacco roots was collected with a sampler. Dead leaves, large debris and other debris were removed and put into self-sealing bags and mixed thoroughly, labeled with sampling numbers. The samples were stored in three parts: one part was air-dried under natural conditions for soil nutrient determination; one part was stored in a refrigerator at -4℃ for soil enzyme activity determination and one part was stored in a refrigerator at -80℃ for soil microbial diversity study. 2.3 Measurement items and methods 2.3.1 Determination of soil physical and chemical properties Total nitrogen, total phosphorus and quick-acting potassium were determined by flow analyzer. Effective phosphorus content of soil was determined by molybdenum antimony antimony colorimetric method [11] . Organic matter of soil was determined by potassium dichromate volumetric method-external heating method [12] . Soil pH was determined by potentiometric method [13] . Phosphatase was determined by the colorimetric method of disodium phosphate [14] . Sucrase was determined by the colorimetric method of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid [15] . Protease was determined by the colorimetric method of ninhydrin [16] . Urease was measured by sodium phenol‑sodium hypochlorite colorimetric method, and the enzyme activity was expressed as milligrams of NH 3 -N in 5 g soil over 24 h. Catalase was titrated by potassium permanganate (0.1 mol L −1 KMnO 4 ), and its enzyme activity was expressed as milliliters of potassium permanganate consumed per 5 g soil over 24 h. 2.3.2 Soil DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and high-throughput sequencing Total soil DNA was extracted using a DNA extraction kit (MoBio Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and tested for integrity using 1% agarose electrophoresis. The library was subjected to fragment quality control to design primers according to the conserved regions; soil bacteria were primed with 338F (5ˊ-ACCTCTACGGGGAGGCAGCA-3ˊand 806R (5ˊ-GGACTACHVGGGGTWCTTAAT-3ˊ) to amplify the highly variable region of the V3+V4 region of the 16SrRNA. Fungi were primed with ITS1F (5ˊ- CTTGGCTATTTAGAGGA-AGTAA-3ˊ) and ITS4 (5ˊ- CTCCTCGCTTATTGATATATGC-3ˊ) to amplify the highly variable region of the ITS2 region of 16S rRNA. The samples were gathered together and sequenced on the Illumina platform (illumina novaseq 6000) at BMKCloud (Beijing, China). 2.3.3 Data processing After sequencing, the Raw Reads obtained from sequencing were quality filtered using Trimmomatic v0.33 software.Sample Alpha diversity was counted and plotted using QIIME2 2020.6 software, and Beta diversity test data was analyzed and plotted using QIIME1.8.0 software. Calculations and statistical analysis (LDA) were performed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 19.0 software. The significance of differences between treatments was compared by ANOVA, independent samples t - test, and P<0.05 was used as the criterion for significant differences.* p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001. The datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available in the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA Number:CRA024619 https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa/) Results and Analysis 3.1 Different planting modes on soil nutrients and enzyme activity The nutrient content of tobacco-planting soil showed different degrees of changes under different planting modes (Tab. 1). The fast-acting potassium content of RM2 in tobacco-planting soil was the highest 175.69mg·kg -1 , 28.52% higher than that of CT2. The fast-acting phosphorus content of RM1 soil was the highest 19.85mg·kg -1 , 18.75% higher than that of CT1. The organic matter content of RM1 and RM2 soils was relatively high, and the content of RM2 was 19.71% higher than that of CT2. RM2 had the highest total nitrogen content of 1.91 g·kg -1 , which was 20.13% higher than that of CT2; RM2 had the highest total phosphorus content of 1.58 g·kg -1 . The pH values of tobacco-planting soils ranged from 5.5 to 7, and were all acidic. There were differences in enzyme activities of tobacco-planting soils under different planting patterns (Fig. 1). RM2 soil urease activity was the highest 393.23 umolg/d -1 , 43.03% higher than CT1 and 37.215% higher than CT2. There was no significant difference between acid phosphatase and sucrase in the soil. The catalase in CT2 soil was the highest 53.23 umolg/d -1 , 32.23% higher than RM1 and 36.75% higher than RM2. 3.2 Analysis of soil microbial species and diversity in different tobacco planting methods Tobacco inter-root soil microbial alpha analysis OUT level analysis. CT1 soil bacterial Simpson index was significantly lower than RM1, and very significantly lower than RM2. RM1 soil bacterial Shannon index was significantly higher than CT1. RM2 soil bacterial Shannon index was significantly higher than CT1. RM2 soil bacterial Chao1 index and Ace index were significantly higher than CT1. CT1 soil bacterial Chao1 index and Ace index were significantly higher than CT2. Crop rotation tobacco significantly affected the diversity and richness of soil bacteria in tobacco planting(Fig. 2A-D). Soil fungal diversity indices Simpson and Shannon indices were not significantly different from each group. CT1 and CT2 soil fungal richness indices ACE and Chao1 indices were significantly higher than those of RM1 and RM2. The continuous cropping of tobacco significantly increased the soil fungal richness (Fig. 2E-H). RM2 soil bacterial Simpson index was significantly lower than that of CT1 and CT2, and RM1 Shannon index of soil bacteria was significantly higher than that of CT2 and RM1. Chao1 index of soil fungi in RM2 was significantly higher than that of RM1 and CT2. Chao1 index of soil fungi in CT1 was significantly higher than that of CT2. Ace index of soil fungi in RM2 was significantly higher than that of RM1 and CT2. Crop rotation of tobacco significantly increased the diversity of the soil fungal community in tobacco plantation, and continuous cropping significantly increased the soil fungal community richness (Fig. 2E-H). The microbial communities under different cropping patterns were subjected to principal coordinate analysis (pCoA), which downscaled the multidimensional soil microbial variables into two variables. For bacteria, the contribution of the first principal coordinate (PC1) was 32.05%, the contribution of the second principal coordinate (PC2) was 21.5%, and the cumulative contribution of the two was 53.55% (Fig. 2I). For fungi, the contribution of the first principal coordinate (PC1) was 72.94%, the contribution of the second principal coordinate (PC2) was 10.91%, and the cumulative contribution of the two was 83.85% (Fig. 2J). From the figure, it can be seen that the inter-root soil samples were farther away from each other in different planting patterns, indicating that the differences in microbial community composition between planting samples locally were more obvious. 3.3 Analysis of soil microbial species and diversity in different tobacco planting methods The top 10 bacterial genera were selected under different planting methods to generate a bar chart (Fig. 3). Among the top 10 bacterial genera, the dominant bacteria in crop rotation were Sphingomonas (4.31%-6.92%), unclassified_ Acidobacteriales (1.03%-5.69%), unclassified_Micrococcaceae (3.71%-3.88%) and Gemmatimonas ( 1.68%-3.47%). The dominant bacteria in the succession were Sphingomonas (4.5%-6.66%), unclassified_Acidobacteriales (1.03%-5.69%), unclassified_SC_I_84 (2.51%-3.04%). The shared dominant bacteria were Sphingomonas , unclassified Acetobacter , unclassified_Micrococcaceae and unclassified_SC_I_84 (Fig. 3A). Among the top 10 fungal genera, the rotationally dominant fungal genera were Penicillium (1.56%-3.95%) and Mortierella (3.51%-4.54%). The successional dominant fungal genera were Penicillium (2.51%-9.65%), Mortierella (2.95%-5.76%), Humicola ( 4.38%-5.46%), Fusarium (2.84%-4.12%) and Asterostroma (0.01%-9.53%). The common dominant fungal genera were Penicillium and Pseudomonas (Fig. 3B). 3.4 Differential analysis of soil microorganisms in different tobacco planting methods The microbial communities under different planting methods were analyzed using LEfSE difference analysis, and the LDA threshold was set at 4 for each taxonomic unit from the phylum level to the genus level.At the genus level: RM1 was enriched in the Gemmatimonas, unclassified_Acidobacteriales and Candidatus_Solibacter ; CT1 was enriched in the unclassified _LWO8 ; and CT2 was enriched in the genus Sphingomonas (Fig. 4A). At the genus level: RM2 enriched Simplicillium ; CT2 enriched Asterostroma , Penicillium and Aspergillus (Fig. 4B). 3.5 Effect of different planting patterns on agronomic traits of tobacco Different planting modes had different degrees of influence on tobacco agronomic traits (Fig. 5). RM1 had the highest tobacco plant height of 113.23cm. The heaviest dry weight of RM2 reached 79.66 g/plant, which was 11.69% higher than CT2 (Fig. 5A). RM1 leaf length was 75.34 cm longer, 22.16% higher than CT2. The leaf width of RM1 was the widest 34.69 cm, improved by 24.39% compared with CT2 (Fig. 5B). The stem circumference of CT2 was the smallest 13.67 cm, smaller by 21.95% compared with RM1 and smaller by 24.39% compared with RM2. The effective number of leaves reached 17 in both RM1 and RM2, which was 30.77% higher than CT 1 and 45.45% higher than CT2 (Fig. 5C).The RM2 has the highest percentage of medium level of smoke 29.67%, which is 25.35% higher than CT2. The RM2 has the highest percentage of upper level of smoke at 57.34%, an increase of 22.86% over CT2 (Fig. 5D).Based on the market price, middle lobe C2L added 7.55 Yuan/kg in revenue and upper lobe C3L added 6.49 Yuan/kg in revenue(Fig 5E). Crop rotation improves the yield and quality of tobacco and continuous cultivation of tobacco restricts the growth and development of tobacco plants. 3.6 Relationship between agronomic traits and microbial communities of tobacco in different planting patterns Tobacco agronomic traits were related to microorganisms in different cropping patterns (Fig. 6). At the bacterial level: Gemmatimonas was positively correlated with plant height, stem girth and dry weight, Sphingomonas and Candidatus_Solibacter showed positive correlation with medium and top tobacco (Fig. 6A), Gemmatimonas showed positive correlation with organic matter, total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus, urease and phosphatase, and negative correlation with catalase. Sphingomonas and Candidatus_Solibacter showed positive correlation with urease, total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and organic matter (Fig. 6B). At the level of fungal genera: Asterostroma and Fusarium showed negative correlation with agronomic traits of tobacco (Fig. 6C). Asterostroma and Fusarium showed negative correlation with total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus, organic matter, urease, phosphatase and sucrase, and positive correlation with hydrogen peroxidase (Fig. 6D). Crop rotation can improve soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, and promote the growth and development of tobacco. Discussion 4.1 Effect of crop rotation and succession on soil factors and their agronomic traits in tobacco Long-term continuous cultivation of tobacco makes the loss of soil nutrients and the loss of the natural structure of the root system in the tobacco field, the soil microbial diversity decreases, the abundance of pathogenic bacteria rises, and the soil moisture distribution is uneven, resulting in the imbalance of the microbiology of the soil of tobacco planting and the weakening of the soil repair function. Soil lack of nutrients, resistance to resistance decreases, easy to be infested by pests and diseases, and ultimately affect the growth and development of tobacco plants, resulting in lower yields [17] . Crop rotation and continuous cropping lead to a first large difference in soil properties, which in turn changes the soil nutrient profile.In this study, crop rotation increased the soil nutrient content of tobacco planting. Tobacco belonged to the potassium - loving plants. Continuous soil fast - acting potassium and other nutrients were overconsumed and had not been timely replenished. Calcium and magnesium are the main cations in the soil and are competitively antagonistic to potassium in the soil sorption sites [18] .As a result, a large amount of potassium was absorbed in the soil, while calcium, magnesium and other elements were relatively enriched. In addition, continuous cropping will lead to a decline in soil pH, soil acidification, which will increase the solubility of calcium, magnesium and other elements in the soil, making it easier to be absorbed by the plant, which will lead to the enrichment of these elements in the soil, and the enrichment of these harmful elements will lead to the imbalance of soil nutrients [19] . In this study, tobacco in crop rotation significantly increased the dry weight of tobacco plant, stem circumference and the maximum leaf length and wide leaf were increased, and increased the proportion of top grade and medium grade tobacco. The study showed that long-term continuous cropping of tobacco affects the bacterial flora in the inter-root soil, aggravates soil-borne diseases, and seriously affects the quality and yield of tobacco.Studies have shown that the dynamics of soil enzymes as catalysts for various biochemical reactions are important for tobacco growth and development, changing with the internal soil environment [20] [21] . Among them, the increase of urease and protease activities can increase the effectiveness of soil nutrients, the soil environment is unfavorable to tobacco growth and development, and peroxidase activity is subsequently increased. The increase in protease activity and decrease in catalase activity in tobacco planting soil of crop rotation in this study confirms that crop rotation can increase the force of soil nutrients and related beneficial enzyme activities . 4.2 Effects of crop rotation and crop succession on inter-root microbial communities Soil microbial diversity and abundance have an important relationship in maintaining agro-ecosystems, especially the diversity of bacterial community affects soil nutrient content, and fungal community treats more pathogens. Numerous studies have shown that different cropping practices affect soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure [22] [23] . Crop rotation has been shown to significantly increase microbial community diversity and richness [24] [25] .In this study,crop rotation tobacco increased soil fungal community diversity and increased fungal community richness with increasing years of continuous cropping. This is consistent with the results of previous studies that crop rotation significantly increased bacterial diversity and richness. Relevant studies have shown that inter-root soil microorganisms are regulators of nutrient conversion and translocation between soil and root system.Different cropping practices can alter the microbial community and its structure, thus affecting different soil ecosystem functions [26] . In this study,the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi was higher in the inter-root soil of the rotational crop than in the continuous crop. The results of the related studies were similar that Bacteroidetes is a core microorganism for organic matter degradation, which is involved in soil organic matter decomposition, and can produce some substances that inhibit or kill some plant pathogens, thus improving plant disease resistance. Chloroflexi have the ability of ecological restoration, which can enhance the uptake of nutrients in the soil. Long-term continuous cropping of tobacco creates a confined environment, which inhibition of the formation of dominant flora in the phylum Chloroflexi. In this study, continuous cropping of Stachybotrys was significantly increased. Continuous cropping of tobacco increased the relative abundance of Stachybotrys , the pathogen of tobacco target spot disease, which causes extensive or whole leaf dieback in severe cases [27] , which in turn affects the yield of tobacco. In this study, we found that bacterial genera shared Sphingomonas , unclassified_Acidobacteriales and Gemmatimonas in rotational and continuous crops. The relative abundance of Sphingomonas,Bacteroidetes and Chloroflexi was higher in the inter-root soil of the rotational crop than in the continuous crop. Sphingomonas was found to have efficient metabolic regulatory mechanisms and gene regulation ability and had great potential for environmental remediation and plant growth promotion [28] [29] . The results of the related studies were similar that Bacteroidetes is a core microorganism for organic matter degradation, which is involved in soil organic matter decomposition, and can produce some substances that inhibit or kill some plant pathogens, thus improving plant disease resistance. Chloroflexi have the ability of ecological restoration, which can enhance the uptake of nutrients in the soil. Long-term continuous cropping of tobacco creates a confined environment, which inhibition of the formation of dominant flora in the phylum Chloroflexi. Thus, crop rotation is more organized and diverse than continuous cropping, increasing the ability of soil microorganisms to utilize nutrients and improving cropland microbial. At the level of fungal genera, the relative abundance of Penicillium, Asterostroma and Fusarium significantly increased after continuous cropping. Penicillium is an important class of defending fungi, and the abundance of continuous cropping Penicillium rises with the infestation of pathogenic fungi. It is hypothesized that tobacco is actively induced by Penicillium after infestation by pathogenic fungi, and autonomous defense inter-root microbes antagonize the pathogenic fungi. Fusarium is a common pathogen that can infect tobacco causing disease. Asterostroma is the main genus that induces rust, which severely affects the yield and quality of tobacco. In this study, we hypothesized that Asterostroma is a biomarker of continuous cropping, and the increased abundance of Asterostroma is the main pathogenic genus that leads to the susceptibility of continuous cropping of tobacco to infected with target blotch, and the onset of target blotch severely affects the growth and development of tobacco and reduces the yield and the quality of tobacco. Therefore, continuous cropping alters the soil community composition and increases the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, thus causing the occurrence of continuous cropping disorder.In actual agricultural production, long-term continuous cultivation of tobacco will reduce the yield, while crop rotation will increase the yield of tobacco.Research has shown that crop rotation can reduce the incidence of a number of crop diseases such as tobacco black shin disease, broad bean root rot and sugar beet brown spot by reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil [30] [31] [32] . 4.3 Relationship between crop rotation and crop succession microbial communities and agronomic traits of tobacco Crop rotation and continuous cropping allow balanced use of nutrients at different soil depths and increase yields significantly. Crop rotation increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreases the abundance of harmful bacteria In actual agricultural production, long-term continuous cultivation of tobacco reduces the yield, while crop rotation increases the yield of tobacco. Relevant studies have shown that continuous cropping of tobacco reduces the effective nutrient content, resulting in a decrease in tobacco yield.At the bacterial level: Gemmatimonas and Sphingomonas promoted tobacco agronomic traits and soil beneficial enzyme activities. At the level of fungal genera: Asterostroma and Fusarium were negatively correlated with tobacco agronomic traits and soil beneficial enzymes, and positively correlated with catalase. In summary, the crop rotation pattern had a positive correlation with tobacco yield.After 5 years of continuous planting of tobacco, yields dropped significantly by 35% and production value by 47.6% compared to the first crop [33] . Crop rotation can increase crop yields by an average of 20% compared to continuous cropping [34] [35] . Corn-tobacco crop rotation, play a nutrient enrichment role, bring soil nutrients and enzyme activity to the next crop of tobacco. Soil environments created by post-harvest corn that are favorable for promoting tobacco growth, and thus can be mutually reinforcing, increasing tobacco production and improving tobacco quality [36] . Conclusion Corn-tobacco rotation can improve soil nutrients, enzyme activity and microbial community composition compared to continuous tobacco cropping. Increasing the number of years of corn cultivation increased tobacco total nitrogen, fast-acting potassium and organic matter content, and significantly increased urease and protease activities. Corn-tobacco rotation can significantly increase bacterial diversity and abundance, increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria like Gemmatimonas , and reduce the chance of tobacco disease. The relative abundance of fungal genera like Asterostroma and Fusarium increased with the increase in the number of years of continuous cropping in tobacco, reducing soil nutrient cycling efficiency and disease resistance. Therefore, corn-tobacco rotation can improve soil nutrients, enzyme activity, microbial structure of tobacco-planting soil, alleviate the harm of tobacco succession disorder, promote the health of farmland soil ecosystem and enhance tobacco quality and yield. Declarations 7 Funding Declaration This work was supported by the Jilin Tobacco Company Yanbian State Company Science and Technology Project [grant numbers 2023222400240105]; the China National Tobacco Corporation (CNTC) Jilin Provincial Company Science and Technology Major Special Projects [grant number 2024220000200005]; and the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Jilin Tobacco Industry Co [grant number KJXM2022-06]. 8 Competing of interests The authors declare no competing interests. 9 Consent for publication Not applicable. 10 Consent for participation Not applicable. 11 Ethics Declaration Not applicable. References Zhou J., Yu L., Zhang J., Zhang X., Xue Y., Liu J., et al. (2020). Characterization of the core microbiome in tobacco leaves during aging. Microbiologyopen 9:e984. 10.1002/mbo3.984. Ma Z., Guan Z., Liu Q., Hu Y., Liu L., Wang B., et al. (2023). “Chapter Four - Obstacles in continuous cropping: Mechanisms and control measures,” in Advances in Agronomy, ed. D. 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Agriculture and Technology,37(12),15. Xiao X., Han L., Chen H., Chen H., Wang J., Zhang Y., et al. (2023). Intercropping enhances microbial community diversity and ecosystem functioning in maize fields. Front. Microbiol. 13. 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1084452. Zhang M., Liang G., Ren S., Li L., Li C., Li Y., et al. (2023). Responses of soil microbial community structure, potential ecological functions, and soil physicochemical properties to different cultivation patterns in cucumber. Geoderma 429:116237. 10.1016/j.geoderma.2022.116237. Li H., Li C., Song X., Liu Y., Gao Q., Zheng R., et al. (2022). Impacts of continuous and rotational cropping practices on soil chemical properties and microbial communities during peanut cultivation. Sci. Rep. 12:2758. 10.1038/s41598-022-06789-1. Zhang H., Luo G., Wang Y., Fei J., Xiangmin R., Peng J., et al. (2023). Crop rotation-driven change in physicochemical properties regulates microbial diversity, dominant components, and community complexity in paddy soils. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 343:108278. 10.1016/j.agee.2022.108278. Microbiology; New Microbiology Data Have Been Reported by Researchers at Anhui University (The Inhibitory Effect of Cadmium And/or Mercury On Soil Enzyme Activity, Basal Respiration, and Microbial Community Structure In Coal Mine-affected Agricultural Soil) [J]. Agriculture Week, 2019. Cui J, Li Y, Wang C, et al. Characteristics of Rhizosphere Bacterial Community across Different Cultivation Years in Saline-alkaline Paddy Soils of Songnen Plain of China [J]. Canadian journal of microbiology, 2018,64(12):925-936. Yan H ,Wu S ,Li P , et al.Tobacco crop rotation enhances the stability and complexity of microbial networks[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2024,151416256-1416256. Kragelund Caroline,Levantesi Caterina,Borger Arjan, et al. Identity，abundance and ecophysiology of filamentous Chloroflexi species present in activated sludge treatment plants [J].FEMS microbiology ecology,2007，59(03):671-82. de Vries H. J., Beyer F., Jarzembowska M., Lipińska J., van den Brink P., Zwijnenburg A., et al. (2019). Isolation and characterization of Sphingomonadaceae from fouled membranes. NPJ Biofilms Microb. 5:6. 10.1038/s41522-018-0074-1. Huo Y., Kang J.-P., Park J.-K., Li J., Chen L., Yang D.-C. (2018). Rhodanobacter ginsengiterrae sp. nov., an antagonistic bacterium against root rot fungal pathogen Fusarium solani, isolated from ginseng rhizospheric soil. Arch. Microbiol. 200, 1457–1463. 10.1007/s00203-018-1560-9. Wang J, Shi X, Zheng C, Suter H, Huang Z. Different responses of soil bacterial and fungal communities to nitrogen deposition in a subtropical forest. Sci Total Environ. 2021;755:142449. Naseri B., Hemmati R. (2017). Bean root rot management: Recommendations based on an integrated approach for plant disease control. Rhizosphere 4, 48–53. 10.1016/j.rhisph.2017.07.001. Gai X. T., Lu C. H., Xia Z. Y., Enjaerbelt J., Hinsinger P., Journet E. P., et al. (2023). Crop rotation suppresses tobacco black shank disease incited by Phytophthora nicotianae and influenced the structure of rhizosphere bacterial communities. J. Plant Pathol. 105:673–682. 10.1007/s42161-023-01411-3. Jin X., Yang X., Peng S., Ma E., Zhang H., Lin X., et al. (2024). Cropping rotation improved the bacterial diversity and N-cycling genes in tobacco fields through a 19-year long-term experiment. Appl. Soil Ecol. 193:105165. doi: 10.1016/j.apsoil.2023.105165. Linh T. B., Sleutel S., Vo Thi G., Le Van K., Cornelis W. M. (2015). Deeper tillage and root growth in annual rice-upland cropping systems result in improved rice yield and economic profit relative to rice monoculture. Soil Tillage Res. 154, 44–52. doi: 10.1016/j.still.2015.06.011 Zhao J., Yang Y., Zhang K., Jeong J., Zeng Z., Zang H. (2020). Does crop rotation yield more in China? A meta-analysis. Field Crop Res. 245:107659. doi: 10.1016/j.fcr.2019.107659. Tan W., Li K., Liu D., Xing W. (2023). Cercospora leaf spot disease of sugar beet. Plant Signal. Behav. 18, 2214765. 10.1080/15592324.2023.2214765. Additional Declarations No competing interests reported. Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 09 Jan, 2026 Read the published version in BMC Microbiology → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Revision requested 07 Jul, 2025 Reviews received at journal 07 Jul, 2025 Reviews received at journal 29 Jun, 2025 Reviews received at journal 29 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 04 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Jun, 2025 Reviewers agreed at journal 01 Jun, 2025 Reviewers invited by journal 30 May, 2025 Editor invited by journal 07 May, 2025 Editor assigned by journal 21 Apr, 2025 Submission checks completed at journal 16 Apr, 2025 First submitted to journal 16 Apr, 2025 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. 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16:18:04","extension":"pdf","order_by":0,"title":"","display":"","copyAsset":false,"role":"manuscript-pdf","size":6627630,"visible":true,"origin":"","legend":"","description":"","filename":"manuscript.pdf","url":"https://assets-eu.researchsquare.com/files/rs-6342482/v1/24ae339a-57ea-4475-80ef-69a167a07c26.pdf"}],"financialInterests":"No competing interests reported.","formattedTitle":"Effect of crop rotation and crop succession on microorganisms and yield of tobacco inter-root soil","fulltext":[{"header":"Introduction","content":"\u003cp\u003eTobacco is an important economic crop in the world. Tobacco is also an economically important crop in China, primarily valued for its quality and yield\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[1]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;The world produces 15 million tons of tobacco each year, with China accounting for about 40% of the world\u0026apos;s production. China\u0026apos;s tobacco planting area of about 1.41 million hm2. At present, the available arable land resources for tobacco planting are becoming increasingly tense, and most tobacco fields are facing continuous cultivation. Continuous cropping refers to the continuous cultivation of the same crop on the same field in 1 year or 2 years. Rotational cropping refers to the cultivation of different crops or multiple cropping combinations on the same field in order between seasons and years\u003csup\u003e[2]\u003c/sup\u003e . However, tobacco is a no-continuous crop, continuous planting will cause soil nutrient abnormality or excessive depletion, rapid propagation of pathogenic microorganisms and other hazards. This seriously affects tobacco yield and quality and constrains the green and healthy development of the tobacco industry. Therefore, how to rationally and effectively alleviate the continuous cropping obstacles in the tobacco area, balance the land nutrients as well as improve the soil microbial ecological environment, so as to improve the yield and quality of tobacco has become an important issue to be solved\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[3]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[4]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTobacco yields are reduced by a variety of factors. Unusual weather conditions such as droughts and floods can lead to slow development of the tobacco plant, in severe cases, even the death of the entire plant directly resulting in a significant drop in yield. Lack of essential nutrients in the soil also affects photosynthesis and growth metabolism. In addition, excessive use of chemical fertilizers leads to soil compaction, impaired root growth affects the growth of the above-ground part, and ultimately reduces the yield\u003csup\u003e[5]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[6]\u003c/sup\u003e. The most serious is the increase in the incidence of soil-borne diseases due to long-term continuous cropping, resulting in the stunting or even death of tobacco plants, which ultimately leads to a significant reduction in tobacco yield to extinction. Soil microorganisms participate in soil ecological function, environmental function and immune function to drive the operation of soil life system, which is the core and key to maintain soil health\u003csup\u003e[7]\u003c/sup\u003e. With in-depth research, soil microorganisms imbalance is the main cause of tobacco continuous cropping disorder. Continuous cropping of soils leads to the enrichment of harmful elements, over-consumption of tobacco\u0026apos;s preferred nutrients, and degradation of beneficial microorganisms, which in turn reduces soil nutrient cycling and organic matter decomposition. Active substances such as aromatic secondary metabolites secreted by the tobacco root system make tobacco more susceptible to chemosensory autotoxicity, increasing the risk of disease and resulting in lower yield and quality.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt present, there are four main countermeasures to prevent and control yield reduction due to crop succession disorder. The first is variety optimization, screening and cultivating varieties that are resistant to continuous cropping，the second is soil improvement, applying fertilizers to improve soil structure，the third is biological control, using biocontrol fungicides, planting trap crops or companion plants to promote growth, and the fourth is the adoption of agricultural measures, with reasonable crop rotation, which can cause tobacco pathogens to lose their hosts, reduce the activity of the pathogens and alleviate the occurrence of the disease. Among them, crop rotation is the most effective countermeasure to alleviate the continuous crop barrier. Soil organic matter content is significantly increased after crop rotation. Rational crop rotation can effectively improve soil function, increase soil quick-acting nutrient content and soil enzyme activity, as well as prevent overpopulation of pathogenic bacteria, reduce the incidence of tobacco diseases and stabilize the ecosystem\u003csup\u003e[8]\u003c/sup\u003e. In addition, crop rotation can effectively reduce the occurrence and damage of tobacco black shin disease and tobacco viruses, increase the diversity of soil microorganisms in the inter-root zone of tobacco, improve soil fertility and tobacco quality and yield. Crop rotation has a clear positive effect in mitigating crop succession disorders. Currently, there are more studies on the effects of microbial communities, but the effects of different planting patterns on soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial community effects and yield are not well studied\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[9]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[10]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn order to further investigate the relationship between microbial communities and yield under different cropping patterns, the present study was conducted on soils with four cropping patterns: 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation; 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation; 2 years of continuous cropping of tobacco and 3 years of continuous cropping of tobacco. In this study, the inter-root microbial community structure of rotated and continuous tobacco was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology to investigate the effects of different cropping patterns of tobacco on soil nutrients, enzyme activities and microbial communities. This study is of great practical significance to alleviate the imbalance of microbial community structure caused by continuous cropping, to improve tobacco yield and reduce diseases, and to establish and optimize a reasonable crop rotation pattern.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Materials and Methods","content":"\u003ch2\u003e2.1\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Experimental site\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe experimental site was at the tobacco planting base in Xianru Town, Dunhua City, Jilin Province, China. The experiment was set up with four treatments, namely, 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation of inter-root soil (RM1), 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco rotation of inter-root soil (RM2), 2 years of tobacco continuous crop of inter-root soil (CT1), 3 years of tobacco continuous crop of inter-root soil (CT2). The row length of each treatment in the experimental field was 10 m, the row spacing was 120 cm, the plant spacing was 50 cm, the plot area was 30 m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e with three replications. The tobacco fertilizer and water management measures were uniformly referred to the technical measures of China's tobacco high-quality tobacco production.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e2.2\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Collection of soil samples\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe collection period was August 2023 when the tobacco was mature, and 5-point sampling method was used to sample each sampling area. Soil samples were then collected by random sampling from the tobacco test plots. A soil drill with an inner diameter of 5 cm was used to collect 0 to 20 cm of tobacco soil at each point. Multiple soil samples were randomly collected at different locations in each plot, covering 0–20 cm soil layer. \u0026nbsp;The surface soil was removed, and the inter-root soil(the part of the soil that is affected by root secretions or dead roots) of 15-20 cm from the tobacco roots was collected with a sampler. Dead leaves, large debris and other debris were removed and put into self-sealing bags and mixed thoroughly, labeled with sampling numbers. The samples were stored in three parts: one part was air-dried under natural conditions for soil nutrient determination; one part was stored in a refrigerator at -4℃ for soil enzyme activity determination and one part was stored in a refrigerator at -80℃ for soil microbial diversity study.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e2.3\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Measurement items and methods\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e2.3.1 \u0026nbsp;Determination of soil physical and chemical properties\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal nitrogen, total phosphorus and quick-acting potassium were determined by flow analyzer. Effective phosphorus content of soil was determined by molybdenum antimony antimony colorimetric method\u003csup\u003e[11]\u003c/sup\u003e. Organic matter of soil was determined by potassium dichromate volumetric method-external heating method\u003csup\u003e[12]\u003c/sup\u003e. Soil pH was determined by potentiometric method\u003csup\u003e[13]\u003c/sup\u003e. Phosphatase was determined by the colorimetric method of disodium phosphate\u003csup\u003e[14]\u003c/sup\u003e. Sucrase was determined by the colorimetric method of 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid\u003csup\u003e[15]\u003c/sup\u003e. Protease was determined by the colorimetric method of ninhydrin\u003csup\u003e[16]\u003c/sup\u003e. Urease\u0026nbsp;was measured by sodium phenol‑sodium hypochlorite colorimetric method, and the enzyme activity was expressed as milligrams of NH\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e-N in 5\u0026nbsp;g soil over 24\u0026nbsp;h. Catalase\u0026nbsp;was titrated by potassium permanganate (0.1\u0026nbsp;mol\u0026nbsp;L\u003csup\u003e−1\u003c/sup\u003e KMnO\u003csub\u003e4\u003c/sub\u003e), and its enzyme activity was expressed as milliliters of potassium permanganate consumed per 5\u0026nbsp;g soil over 24\u0026nbsp;h.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2.3.2 \u0026nbsp;Soil DNA extraction, PCR amplification, and high-throughput sequencing\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTotal soil DNA was extracted using a DNA extraction kit (MoBio Laboratories, Carlsbad, CA, USA) and tested for integrity using 1% agarose electrophoresis. The library was subjected to fragment quality control to design primers according to the conserved regions; soil bacteria were primed with 338F (5ˊ-ACCTCTACGGGGAGGCAGCA-3ˊand 806R (5ˊ-GGACTACHVGGGGTWCTTAAT-3ˊ) to amplify the highly variable region of the V3+V4 region of the 16SrRNA. Fungi were primed with ITS1F (5ˊ- CTTGGCTATTTAGAGGA-AGTAA-3ˊ) and ITS4 (5ˊ- CTCCTCGCTTATTGATATATGC-3ˊ) to amplify the highly variable region of the ITS2 region of 16S rRNA. The samples were gathered together and sequenced on the Illumina platform (illumina novaseq 6000) at BMKCloud (Beijing, China).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2.3.3 \u0026nbsp;Data processing\u003c/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAfter sequencing, the Raw Reads obtained from sequencing were quality filtered using Trimmomatic v0.33 software.Sample Alpha diversity was counted and plotted using QIIME2 2020.6 software, and Beta diversity test data was analyzed and plotted using QIIME1.8.0 software. Calculations and statistical analysis (LDA) were performed using Excel 2010 and SPSS 19.0 software. The significance of differences between treatments was compared by ANOVA, independent samples t - test, and P\u0026lt;0.05 was used as the criterion for significant differences.* p \u0026lt; 0.05; ** p \u0026lt; 0.01; *** p \u0026lt; 0.001.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe datasets generated and analysed during the current study are available in the Genome Sequence Archive (GSA Number:CRA024619 https://ngdc.cncb.ac.cn/gsa/)\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Results and Analysis","content":"\u003ch2\u003e3.1 Different planting modes on soil nutrients and enzyme activity\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe nutrient content of tobacco-planting soil showed different degrees of changes under different planting modes (Tab. 1). The fast-acting potassium content of RM2 in tobacco-planting soil was the highest 175.69mg\u0026middot;kg\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, 28.52% higher than that of CT2. The fast-acting phosphorus content of RM1 soil was the highest 19.85mg\u0026middot;kg\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, 18.75% higher than that of CT1. The organic matter content of RM1 and RM2 soils was relatively high, and the content of RM2 was 19.71% higher than that of CT2. RM2 had the highest total nitrogen content of 1.91 g\u0026middot;kg\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, which was 20.13% higher than that of CT2; RM2 had the highest total phosphorus content of 1.58 g\u0026middot;kg\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e. The pH values of tobacco-planting soils ranged from 5.5 to 7, and were all acidic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere were differences in enzyme activities of tobacco-planting soils under different planting patterns (Fig. 1). RM2 soil urease activity was the highest 393.23 umolg/d\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, 43.03% higher than CT1 and 37.215% higher than CT2. There was no significant difference between\u0026nbsp;acid phosphatase and sucrase in the soil. The catalase in CT2 soil was the highest 53.23 umolg/d\u003csup\u003e-1\u003c/sup\u003e, 32.23% higher than RM1 and 36.75% higher than RM2.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cimg 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\"\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e3.2\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Analysis of soil microbial species and diversity in different tobacco planting methods\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTobacco inter-root soil microbial alpha analysis OUT level analysis. CT1 soil bacterial Simpson index was significantly lower than RM1, and very significantly lower than RM2. RM1 soil bacterial Shannon index was significantly higher than CT1. RM2 soil bacterial Shannon index was significantly higher than CT1. RM2 soil bacterial Chao1 index and Ace index were significantly higher than CT1. CT1 soil bacterial Chao1 index and Ace index were significantly higher than CT2. Crop rotation tobacco significantly affected the diversity and richness of soil bacteria in tobacco planting(Fig. 2A-D). Soil fungal diversity indices Simpson and Shannon indices were not significantly different from each group. CT1 and CT2 soil fungal richness indices ACE and Chao1 indices were significantly higher than those of RM1 and RM2. The continuous cropping of tobacco significantly increased the soil fungal richness (Fig. 2E-H). RM2 soil bacterial Simpson index was significantly lower than that of CT1 and CT2, and RM1 Shannon index of soil bacteria was significantly higher than that of CT2 and RM1. Chao1 index of soil fungi in RM2 was significantly higher than that of RM1 and CT2. Chao1 index of soil fungi in CT1 was significantly higher than that of CT2. Ace index of soil fungi in RM2 was significantly higher than that of RM1 and CT2. Crop rotation of tobacco significantly increased the diversity of the soil fungal community in tobacco plantation, and continuous cropping significantly increased the soil fungal community richness (Fig. 2E-H). The microbial communities under different cropping patterns were subjected to principal coordinate analysis (pCoA), which downscaled the multidimensional soil microbial variables into two variables. For bacteria, the contribution of the first principal coordinate (PC1) was 32.05%, the contribution of the second principal coordinate (PC2) was 21.5%, and the cumulative contribution of the two was 53.55% (Fig. 2I). For fungi, the contribution of the first principal coordinate (PC1) was 72.94%, the contribution of the second principal coordinate (PC2) was 10.91%, and the cumulative contribution of the two was 83.85% (Fig. 2J). From the figure, it can be seen that the inter-root soil samples were farther away from each other in different planting patterns, indicating that the differences in microbial community composition between planting samples locally were more obvious.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e3.3\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Analysis of soil microbial species and diversity in different tobacco planting methods \u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe top 10 bacterial genera were selected under different planting methods to generate a bar chart (Fig. 3). Among the top 10 bacterial genera, the dominant bacteria in crop rotation were \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e (4.31%-6.92%), unclassified_\u003cem\u003eAcidobacteriales\u003c/em\u003e (1.03%-5.69%), \u003cem\u003eunclassified_Micrococcaceae\u003c/em\u003e (3.71%-3.88%) and \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e( 1.68%-3.47%). The dominant bacteria in the succession were \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e (4.5%-6.66%),\u003cem\u003eunclassified_Acidobacteriales\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(1.03%-5.69%), unclassified_SC_I_84 (2.51%-3.04%). The shared dominant bacteria were \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eunclassified Acetobacter\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eunclassified_Micrococcaceae\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eunclassified_SC_I_84\u003c/em\u003e(Fig. 3A).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAmong the top 10 fungal genera, the rotationally dominant fungal genera were \u003cem\u003ePenicillium\u003c/em\u003e (1.56%-3.95%) and \u003cem\u003eMortierella\u003c/em\u003e (3.51%-4.54%). The successional dominant fungal genera were \u003cem\u003ePenicillium\u003c/em\u003e (2.51%-9.65%), \u003cem\u003eMortierella\u003c/em\u003e (2.95%-5.76%), \u003cem\u003eHumicola\u003c/em\u003e( 4.38%-5.46%), \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(2.84%-4.12%) and \u003cem\u003eAsterostroma\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(0.01%-9.53%). The common dominant fungal genera were \u003cem\u003ePenicillium\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003ePseudomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Fig. 3B).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e3.4\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Differential analysis of soil microorganisms in different tobacco planting methods\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe microbial communities under different planting methods were analyzed using LEfSE difference analysis, and the LDA threshold was set at 4 for each taxonomic unit from the phylum level to the genus level.At the genus level: RM1 was enriched in the \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas, unclassified_Acidobacteriales\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCandidatus_Solibacter\u003c/em\u003e; CT1 was enriched in the \u003cem\u003eunclassified _LWO8\u003c/em\u003e; and CT2 was enriched in the genus \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e (Fig. 4A). At the genus level: RM2 enriched \u003cem\u003eSimplicillium\u003c/em\u003e; CT2 enriched \u003cem\u003eAsterostroma\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003ePenicillium\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eAspergillus\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003e(Fig. 4B).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e3.5\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Effect of different planting patterns on agronomic traits of tobacco\u0026nbsp;\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDifferent planting modes had different degrees of influence on tobacco agronomic traits (Fig. 5). RM1 had the highest tobacco plant height of 113.23cm. The heaviest dry weight of RM2 reached 79.66 g/plant, which was 11.69% higher than CT2 (Fig. 5A). RM1 leaf length was 75.34 cm longer, 22.16% higher than CT2. The leaf width of RM1 was the widest 34.69 cm, improved by 24.39% compared with CT2 (Fig. 5B). The stem circumference of CT2 was the smallest 13.67 cm, smaller by 21.95% compared with RM1 and smaller by 24.39% compared with RM2. The effective number of leaves reached 17 in both RM1 and RM2, which was 30.77% higher than CT 1 and 45.45% higher than CT2 (Fig. 5C).The RM2 has the highest percentage of medium level of smoke 29.67%, which is 25.35% higher than CT2. The RM2 has the highest percentage of upper level of smoke at 57.34%, an increase of 22.86% over CT2 (Fig. 5D).Based on the market price, middle lobe C2L added 7.55 Yuan/kg in revenue and upper lobe C3L added 6.49 Yuan/kg in revenue(Fig 5E). Crop rotation improves the yield and quality of tobacco and continuous cultivation of tobacco restricts the growth and development of tobacco plants.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e3.6\u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Relationship between agronomic traits and microbial communities of tobacco in different planting patterns\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTobacco agronomic traits were related to microorganisms in different cropping patterns (Fig. 6). At the bacterial level: \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e was positively correlated with plant height, stem girth and dry weight, \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCandidatus_Solibacter\u003c/em\u003e showed positive correlation with medium and top tobacco (Fig. 6A), \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e showed positive correlation with organic matter, total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus, urease and phosphatase, and negative correlation with catalase. \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eCandidatus_Solibacter\u003c/em\u003e showed positive correlation with urease, total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus and organic matter (Fig. 6B). At the level of fungal genera: \u003cem\u003eAsterostroma\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u003c/em\u003e showed negative correlation with agronomic traits of tobacco (Fig. 6C). \u003cem\u003eAsterostroma\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u003c/em\u003e showed negative correlation with total nitrogen, fast-acting phosphorus, organic matter, urease, phosphatase and sucrase, and positive correlation with hydrogen peroxidase (Fig. 6D). Crop rotation can improve soil nutrients, soil enzyme activities, and promote the growth and development of tobacco.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Discussion","content":"\u003ch2\u003e4.1 Effect of crop rotation and succession on soil factors and their agronomic traits in tobacco\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLong-term continuous cultivation of tobacco makes the loss of soil nutrients and the loss of the natural structure of the root system in the tobacco field, the soil microbial diversity decreases, the abundance of pathogenic bacteria rises, and the soil moisture distribution is uneven, resulting in the imbalance of the microbiology of the soil of tobacco planting and the weakening of the soil repair function. Soil lack of nutrients, resistance to resistance decreases, easy to be infested by pests and diseases, and ultimately affect the growth and development of tobacco plants, resulting in lower yields \u003csup\u003e[17]\u003c/sup\u003e. Crop rotation and continuous cropping lead to a first large difference in soil properties, which in turn changes the soil nutrient profile.In this study, crop rotation increased the soil nutrient content of tobacco planting. Tobacco belonged to the potassium - loving plants. Continuous soil fast - acting potassium and other nutrients were overconsumed and had not been timely replenished. Calcium and magnesium are the main cations in the soil and are competitively antagonistic to potassium in the soil sorption sites\u003csup\u003e[18]\u003c/sup\u003e.As a result, a large amount of potassium was absorbed in the soil, while calcium, magnesium and other elements were relatively enriched.\u0026nbsp;In addition, continuous cropping will lead to a decline in soil pH, soil acidification, which will increase the solubility of calcium, magnesium and other elements in the soil, making it easier to be absorbed by the plant, which will lead to the enrichment of these elements in the soil, and the enrichment of these harmful elements will lead to the imbalance of soil nutrients\u003csup\u003e[19]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, tobacco in crop rotation significantly increased the dry weight of tobacco plant, stem circumference and the maximum leaf length and wide leaf were increased, and increased the proportion of top grade and medium grade tobacco. The study showed that long-term continuous cropping of tobacco affects the bacterial flora in the inter-root soil, aggravates soil-borne diseases, and seriously affects the quality and yield of tobacco.Studies have shown that the dynamics of soil enzymes as catalysts for various biochemical reactions are important for tobacco growth and development, changing with the internal soil environment \u003csup\u003e[20]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[21]\u003c/sup\u003e. Among them, the increase of urease and protease activities can increase the effectiveness of soil nutrients, the soil environment is unfavorable to tobacco growth and development, and peroxidase activity is subsequently increased. The increase in protease activity and decrease in catalase activity in tobacco planting soil of crop rotation in this study confirms that crop rotation can increase the force of soil nutrients and related beneficial enzyme activities .\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e4.2 Effects of crop rotation and crop succession on inter-root microbial communities\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSoil microbial diversity and abundance have an important relationship in maintaining agro-ecosystems, especially the diversity of bacterial community affects soil nutrient content, and fungal community treats more pathogens. Numerous studies have shown that different cropping practices affect soil physicochemical properties and microbial community structure\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[22]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[23]\u003c/sup\u003e. Crop rotation has been shown to significantly increase microbial community diversity and richness\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[24]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[25]\u003c/sup\u003e.In this study,crop rotation tobacco increased soil fungal community diversity and increased fungal community richness with increasing years of continuous cropping. This is consistent with the results of previous studies that crop rotation significantly increased bacterial diversity and richness. Relevant studies have shown that inter-root soil microorganisms are regulators of nutrient conversion and translocation between soil and root system.Different cropping practices can alter the microbial community and its structure, thus affecting different soil ecosystem functions\u003csup\u003e[26]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study,the relative abundance of \u003cem\u003eBacteroidetes\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi\u003c/em\u003e was higher in the inter-root soil of the rotational crop than in the continuous crop. The results of the related studies were similar that \u003cem\u003eBacteroidetes\u003c/em\u003e is a core microorganism for organic matter degradation, which is involved in soil organic matter decomposition, and can produce some substances that inhibit or kill some plant pathogens, thus improving plant disease resistance. \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003ehave the ability of ecological restoration, which can enhance the uptake of nutrients in the soil. Long-term continuous cropping of tobacco creates a confined environment, which inhibition of the formation of dominant flora in the phylum \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi.\u003c/em\u003e In this study, continuous cropping of \u003cem\u003eStachybotrys\u003c/em\u003e was significantly increased. Continuous cropping of tobacco increased the relative abundance of \u003cem\u003eStachybotrys\u003c/em\u003e, the pathogen of tobacco target spot disease, which causes extensive or whole leaf dieback in severe cases\u0026nbsp;\u003csup\u003e[27]\u003c/sup\u003e, which in turn affects the yield of tobacco.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this study, we found that bacterial genera shared \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u003c/em\u003e, \u003cem\u003eunclassified_Acidobacteriales\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003eand \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e in rotational and continuous crops. The relative abundance of \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas,Bacteroidetes\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi\u003c/em\u003e was higher in the inter-root soil of the rotational crop than in the continuous crop. \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003ewas found to have efficient metabolic regulatory mechanisms and gene regulation ability and had great potential for environmental remediation and plant growth promotion\u003csup\u003e[28]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[29]\u003c/sup\u003e. The results of the related studies were similar that \u003cem\u003eBacteroidetes\u003c/em\u003e is a core microorganism for organic matter degradation, which is involved in soil organic matter decomposition, and can produce some substances that inhibit or kill some plant pathogens, thus improving plant disease resistance. \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003ehave the ability of ecological restoration, which can enhance the uptake of nutrients in the soil. Long-term continuous cropping of tobacco creates a confined environment, which inhibition of the formation of dominant flora in the phylum \u003cem\u003eChloroflexi.\u003c/em\u003e Thus, crop rotation is more organized and diverse than continuous cropping, increasing the ability of soil microorganisms to utilize nutrients and improving cropland microbial.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt the level of fungal genera, the relative abundance of \u003cem\u003ePenicillium, Asterostroma\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u003c/em\u003e significantly increased after continuous cropping. Penicillium is an important class of defending fungi, and the abundance of continuous cropping Penicillium rises with the infestation of pathogenic fungi. It is hypothesized that tobacco is actively induced by Penicillium after infestation by pathogenic fungi, and autonomous defense inter-root microbes antagonize the pathogenic fungi. Fusarium is a common pathogen that can infect tobacco causing disease. Asterostroma is the main genus that induces rust, which severely affects the yield and quality of tobacco. In this study, we hypothesized that Asterostroma is a biomarker of continuous cropping, and the increased abundance of Asterostroma is the main pathogenic genus that leads to the susceptibility of continuous cropping of tobacco to infected with target blotch, and the onset of target blotch severely affects the growth and development of tobacco and reduces the yield and the quality of tobacco. Therefore, continuous cropping alters the soil community composition and increases the relative abundance of pathogenic bacteria, thus causing the occurrence of continuous cropping disorder.In actual agricultural production, long-term continuous cultivation of tobacco will reduce the yield, while crop rotation will increase the yield of tobacco.Research has shown that crop rotation can reduce the incidence of a number of crop diseases such as tobacco black shin disease, broad bean root rot and sugar beet brown spot by reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil \u003csup\u003e[30]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[31]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[32]\u003c/sup\u003e. \u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e4.3 Relationship between crop rotation and crop succession microbial communities and agronomic traits of tobacco\u003c/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCrop rotation and continuous cropping allow balanced use of nutrients at different soil depths and increase yields significantly. Crop rotation increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria and decreases the abundance of harmful bacteria In actual agricultural production, long-term continuous cultivation of tobacco reduces the yield, while crop rotation increases the yield of tobacco. Relevant studies have shown that continuous cropping of tobacco reduces the effective nutrient content, resulting in a decrease in tobacco yield.At the bacterial level: \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eSphingomonas\u0026nbsp;\u003c/em\u003epromoted tobacco agronomic traits and soil beneficial enzyme activities. At the level of fungal genera: \u003cem\u003eAsterostroma\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u003c/em\u003e were negatively correlated with tobacco agronomic traits and soil beneficial enzymes, and positively correlated with catalase. In summary, the crop rotation pattern had a positive correlation with tobacco yield.After 5 years of continuous planting of tobacco, yields dropped significantly by 35% and production value by 47.6% compared to the first crop\u003csup\u003e[33]\u003c/sup\u003e. Crop rotation can increase crop yields by an average of 20% compared to continuous cropping\u003csup\u003e[34]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003csup\u003e[35]\u003c/sup\u003e. Corn-tobacco crop rotation, play a nutrient enrichment role, bring soil nutrients and enzyme activity to the next crop of tobacco. Soil environments created by post-harvest corn that are favorable for promoting tobacco growth, and thus can be mutually reinforcing, increasing tobacco production and improving tobacco quality\u003csup\u003e[36]\u003c/sup\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"Conclusion","content":"\u003cp\u003eCorn-tobacco rotation can improve soil nutrients, enzyme activity and microbial community composition compared to continuous tobacco cropping. Increasing the number of years of corn cultivation increased tobacco total nitrogen, fast-acting potassium and organic matter content, and significantly increased urease and protease activities. Corn-tobacco rotation can significantly increase bacterial diversity and abundance, increase the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria like \u003cem\u003eGemmatimonas\u003c/em\u003e, and reduce the chance of tobacco disease. The relative abundance of fungal genera like\u003cem\u003e\u0026nbsp;Asterostroma\u003c/em\u003e and \u003cem\u003eFusarium\u003c/em\u003e increased with the increase in the number of years of continuous cropping in tobacco, reducing soil nutrient cycling efficiency and disease resistance. Therefore, corn-tobacco rotation can improve soil nutrients, enzyme activity, microbial structure of tobacco-planting soil, alleviate the harm of tobacco succession disorder, promote the health of farmland soil ecosystem and enhance tobacco quality and yield.\u003c/p\u003e\n"},{"header":"Declarations","content":"\u003cp\u003e7 \u0026nbsp; \u0026nbsp;Funding Declaration\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis work was supported by the Jilin Tobacco Company Yanbian State Company Science and Technology Project [grant numbers 2023222400240105]; the China National Tobacco Corporation (CNTC) Jilin Provincial Company Science and Technology Major Special Projects [grant number 2024220000200005]; and the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Jilin Tobacco Industry Co [grant number KJXM2022-06].\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e8 \u0026nbsp; Competing of interests\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors declare no competing interests.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e9 \u0026nbsp; Consent for publication\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e10 \u0026nbsp;Consent for participation\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e11 \u0026nbsp;Ethics Declaration\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNot applicable.\u003c/p\u003e"},{"header":"References","content":"\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZhou J., Yu L., Zhang J., Zhang X., Xue Y., Liu J., et al. 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Behav. 18, 2214765. 10.1080/15592324.2023.2214765.\u003c/li\u003e\n\u003c/ol\u003e"}],"fulltextSource":"","fullText":"","funders":[],"hasAdminPriorityOnWorkflow":false,"hasManuscriptDocX":true,"hasOptedInToPreprint":true,"hasPassedJournalQc":"","hasAnyPriority":false,"hideJournal":false,"highlight":"","institution":"","isAcceptedByJournal":true,"isAuthorSuppliedPdf":false,"isDeskRejected":"","isHiddenFromSearch":false,"isInQc":false,"isInWorkflow":false,"isPdf":false,"isPdfUpToDate":true,"isWithdrawnOrRetracted":false,"journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mcro","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Microbiology](http://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/mcro","title":"BMC Microbiology","twitterHandle":"#bmcmicrobiology","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true},"keywords":"tobacco, crop rotation, continuous cropping, yield, inter-root microorganisms","lastPublishedDoi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6342482/v1","lastPublishedDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-6342482/v1","license":{"name":"CC BY 4.0","url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"},"manuscriptAbstract":"Continuous cropping of tobacco can lead to the occurrence of deterioration of soil microbial ecosystems, exacerbation of viral pests, and reduction of quality, whereas corn-tobacco rotation can effectively alleviate the obstacles of continuous cropping. This study will clarify the effects of different planting styles on the microbial environment and yield of tobacco. The experiment was carried out in March-October 2023 in a tobacco planting demonstration field in Xianru Township, Dunhua City, Jilin Province.The experiment was conducted on inter-root soils of 2 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco, 3 years of corn - 1 year of tobacco, 2 years of continuous tobacco, 3 years of continuous tobacco. Soil nutrients and enzyme activities were determined, and the effects of microbial community structure on tobacco yield were analyzed based on 16S rDNA and ITS sequences. Crop rotation significantly increased the total nitrogen, quick-acting phosphorus and organic matter contents as well as protease activity of the inter-root soil, and significantly decreased the peroxidase activity. Crop rotation increased the bacterial diversity and richness of tobacco planting soil. Continuous cropping decreased the fungal diversity and increased the fungal richness of tobacco planting soil (P\u003c0.05). The relative abundance of Gemmatimonas was significantly higher in crop rotation than in continuous cropping, while the relative abundance of Penicillium, Asterostroma and Fusarium in the continuous cropping pattern was significantly higher than that in the rotational cropping. Crop rotation pattern tobacco plant dry weight, stem circumference, maximum leaf length and wide leaf were increased, and the proportion of upper and medium tobacco increased. Gemmatimonas was positively correlated with plant height, stem girth and dry weight; Sphingomonas was positively correlated with medium and top-quality cigarettes; at the level of fungal genera, Asterostroma and Fusarium were negatively correlated with agronomic traits of tobacco. Corn-tobacco rotation can effectively improve soil fertility, enrich bacterial communities, and increase the proportion of indicator beneficial bacteria. Continuous cropping leads to increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria. This study provides theoretical support for the mitigation of tobacco continuous cropping disorder and the detection and remediation of farmland soil.","manuscriptTitle":"Effect of crop rotation and crop succession on microorganisms and yield of tobacco inter-root soil","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2025-06-02 12:11:49","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-6342482/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"decision","content":"Revision requested","date":"2025-07-07T16:59:13+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-07-07T16:47:12+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-06-29T22:16:39+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2025-06-29T15:56:54+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"72781022250477624934834558653698619309","date":"2025-06-04T23:48:32+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"142870928038606650184051617183911869140","date":"2025-06-01T23:34:53+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewerAgreed","content":"229915526874195901640555398849890872349","date":"2025-06-01T22:49:44+00:00","index":"hide","fulltext":""},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-30T11:08:36+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvited","content":"","date":"2025-05-07T14:14:49+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorAssigned","content":"","date":"2025-04-21T12:50:18+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"checksComplete","content":"","date":"2025-04-16T06:27:40+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"BMC Microbiology","date":"2025-04-16T06:26:32+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"bmc-microbiology","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"mcro","sideBox":"Learn more about [BMC Microbiology](http://bmcmicrobiol.biomedcentral.com/)","snPcode":"","submissionUrl":"https://www.editorialmanager.com/mcro","title":"BMC Microbiology","twitterHandle":"#bmcmicrobiology","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":false,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"BMC Series","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":true}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"856e4628-9446-4b08-aebb-c1ef9764ee75","owner":[],"postedDate":"June 2nd, 2025","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"published-in-journal","subjectAreas":[],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2026-01-12T16:14:18+00:00","versionOfRecord":{"articleIdentity":"rs-6342482","link":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04670-5","journal":{"identity":"bmc-microbiology","isVorOnly":false,"title":"BMC Microbiology"},"publishedOn":"2026-01-09 15:59:11","publishedOnDateReadable":"January 9th, 2026"},"versionCreatedAt":"2025-06-02 12:11:49","video":"","vorDoi":"10.1186/s12866-025-04670-5","vorDoiUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-025-04670-5","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-6342482","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-6342482","identity":"rs-6342482","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"8U1c8b4HqxoKbykW_rLl7","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}