Structural Dependence of the Textile and Clothing Industry in Bangladesh: A Comparative Input–Output Analysis with Vietnam and Pakistan

Structural Dependence of the Textile and Clothing Industry in Bangladesh: A Comparative Input–Output Analysis with Vietnam and Pakistan | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Structural Dependence of the Textile and Clothing Industry in Bangladesh: A Comparative Input–Output Analysis with Vietnam and Pakistan RAHMAN Mohammad Sayedur, Md Masum, Muhammad Shariat Ullah, Taku Ishiro, and 1 more This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-8555668/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Journal of Economic Structures → Version 1 posted 5 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study examines the structural dependence of Bangladesh’s textile and clothing industry (TCI) within the national production system and benchmarks it against Vietnam and Pakistan. Using an input–output framework, the analysis quantifies economy-wide losses in total output and gross value added (GVA) when the sector’s inter-industry linkages are hypothetically removed and simulates partial disruptions to assess short-run vulnerability. Under complete extraction, Bangladesh experiences the largest systemic losses—output declines by 18% and GVA by 13%—indicating deep intersectoral reliance on the TCI. Vietnam and Pakistan show smaller but meaningful impacts due to greater industrial diversification and upstream reliance on agriculture-based inputs, respectively. Backward dependence is strongest in Bangladesh, while Vietnam’s limited forward dependence reflects its export-oriented structure; Pakistan’s linkages remain concentrated upstream in raw-material supply. A 20% contraction scenario further highlights Bangladesh’s vulnerability compared to the other two countries, underscoring the TCI’s central role in propagating output and value-added across the economy. The comparative results indicate differentiated policy priorities: strengthening domestic intermediate textile production and supply-chain efficiency in Bangladesh; increasing domestic supplier participation in Vietnam’s export networks; and modernizing upstream input industries in Pakistan. JEL Classification: C67, D57, F14, O11, R15 Textile and Clothing Industry Input-Output Analysis Hypothetical Extraction Partial Extraction Value-Added Approach Full Text Cite Share Download PDF Status: Published Journal Publication published 15 Apr, 2026 Read the published version in Journal of Economic Structures → Version 1 posted Editorial decision: Major revision 23 Feb, 2026 Reviewers agreed at journal 14 Jan, 2026 Reviewers invited by journal 14 Jan, 2026 Editor assigned by journal 10 Jan, 2026 First submitted to journal 08 Jan, 2026 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. 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