Mechano-Chemically Activated Fly-Ash and Sisal Fiber Reinforced PP Hybrid Composite With Enhanced Mechanical Properties

Mechano-Chemically Activated Fly-Ash and Sisal Fiber Reinforced PP Hybrid Composite With Enhanced Mechanical Properties | Research Square window.SnipcartSettings = { analytics: { enabled: false } }; (function() { var accessVector = localStorage.getItem('access_vector') || ''; window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; if (accessVector) { window.dataLayer.push({ user: { profile: { profileInfo: { snid: accessVector } } } }); } })(); (function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start':new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src='https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f);})(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-K279D39R'); Browse Preprints In Review Journals COVID-19 Preprints AJE Video Bytes Research Tools Research Promotion AJE Professional Editing AJE Rubriq About Preprint Platform In Review Editorial Policies Our Team Advisory Board Help Center Sign In Submit a Preprint Cite Share Download PDF Research Article Mechano-Chemically Activated Fly-Ash and Sisal Fiber Reinforced PP Hybrid Composite With Enhanced Mechanical Properties Atul Kumar Maurya, Rupam Gogoi, Gaurav Manik This is a preprint; it has not been peer reviewed by a journal. https://doi.org/ 10.21203/rs.3.rs-184372/v1 This work is licensed under a CC BY 4.0 License Status: Under Review Version 1 posted 3 You are reading this latest preprint version Abstract This study explores the hybridizing effect of mechano-chemical activated fly-ash (FA) in sisal fiber reinforced polymer composites. Activation and resistance against agglomeration of FA has been achieved by modifying it with 2, 4, and 6 wt.% of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C‑tab). FA activation with C-tab and particle size reduction to nano-level (<1µm) have been appropriately achieved with a planetary ball milling and the same has been confirmed from the dynamic light scattering technique. The hybrid composite containing 25 wt.% of sisal fiber and 5 wt.% of (6 wt.% C-tab) treated FA shows much improved tensile (40.12 MPa), flexural (53.27 MPa), and impact strengths (0.75 kJ/m 2 ) than that of neat PP and composite reinforced with only 30 wt.% of sisal fiber. This increase in tensile and flexural strength was 30.54% and 48% higher than neat PP. Maximum notched impact strength of 0.80 kJ/m 2 have been reported by hybrid composite containing FA treated with 2 wt.% of the C-tab. Micromechanical modelling using a combination of rule of mixture and inverse rule of mixture separately with Halpin-Tsai predicted a value close to the experimental Young’s modulus. DSC studies showed an increment in the composite's crystallinity upon fiber addition. Morphological analysis of the hybrid composite revealed good wettability of reinforcing fiber and FA within the matrix, whereas TGA showed an improved thermal stability of the composites. Polymer Science Chemical Engineering Hybrid composites Natural Fiber Fly-ash C-tab Micromechanical modelling Sustainable development. Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Full Text Supplementary Files GraphicalAbstract.jpg Supplementary.docx Cite Share Download PDF Status: Under Review Version 1 posted Reviewers invited by journal 06 Feb, 2021 Reviews received at journal 06 Feb, 2021 First submitted to journal 25 Jan, 2021 You are reading this latest preprint version Research Square lets you share your work early, gain feedback from the community, and start making changes to your manuscript prior to peer review in a journal. As a division of Research Square Company, we’re committed to making research communication faster, fairer, and more useful. We do this by developing innovative software and high quality services for the global research community. Our growing team is made up of researchers and industry professionals working together to solve the most critical problems facing scientific publishing. Also discoverable on Platform About Our Team In Review Editorial Policies Advisory Board Help Center Resources Author Services Accessibility API Access RSS feed Manage Cookie Preferences © Research Square 2026 | ISSN 2693-5015 (online) Privacy Policy Terms of Service Do Not Sell My Personal Information {"props":{"pageProps":{"initialData":{"identity":"rs-184372","acceptedTermsAndConditions":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"archivedVersions":[],"articleType":"Research Article","associatedPublications":[],"authors":[{"id":10759157,"identity":"8fe81366-03fa-4a81-997d-94a571aa004c","order_by":0,"name":"Atul Kumar Maurya","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"IIT Roorkee: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee","correspondingAuthor":false,"submittingAuthor":false,"prefix":"","firstName":"Atul","middleName":"Kumar","lastName":"Maurya","suffix":""},{"id":10759158,"identity":"da8173b0-59db-4144-abcc-fc92514f803a","order_by":1,"name":"Rupam Gogoi","email":"","orcid":"","institution":"IIT Roorkee: 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Activation and resistance against agglomeration of FA has been achieved by modifying it with 2, 4, and 6 wt.% of the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C‑tab). FA activation with C-tab and particle size reduction to nano-level (\u0026lt;1µm) have been appropriately achieved with a planetary ball milling and the same has been confirmed from the dynamic light scattering technique.\u0026nbsp;The hybrid composite containing 25 wt.% of sisal fiber and 5 wt.% of (6 wt.% C-tab) treated FA shows much improved tensile (40.12 MPa), flexural (53.27 MPa), and impact strengths (0.75 kJ/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e) than that of neat PP and composite reinforced with only 30 wt.% of sisal fiber. This increase in tensile and flexural strength was 30.54% and 48% higher than neat PP. Maximum notched impact strength of 0.80 kJ/m\u003csup\u003e2\u003c/sup\u003e have been reported by hybrid composite containing FA treated with 2 wt.% of the C-tab. Micromechanical modelling using a combination of rule of mixture and inverse rule of mixture separately with Halpin-Tsai predicted a value close to the experimental Young’s modulus. DSC studies showed an increment in the composite's crystallinity upon fiber addition. Morphological analysis of the hybrid composite revealed good wettability of reinforcing fiber and FA within the matrix, whereas TGA showed an improved thermal stability of the composites.\u003c/p\u003e","manuscriptTitle":"Mechano-Chemically Activated Fly-Ash and Sisal Fiber Reinforced PP Hybrid Composite With Enhanced Mechanical Properties","msid":"","msnumber":"","nonDraftVersions":[{"code":1,"date":"2021-02-15 16:18:37","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-184372/v1","editorialEvents":[{"type":"communityComments","content":0},{"type":"reviewersInvited","content":"","date":"2021-02-07T00:00:00+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""},{"type":"editorInvitedReview","content":"","date":"2021-02-07T00:00:00+00:00","index":0,"fulltext":""},{"type":"submitted","content":"Cellulose","date":"2021-01-26T02:23:29+00:00","index":"","fulltext":""}],"status":"published","journal":{"display":true,"email":"[email protected]","identity":"cellulose","isNatureJournal":false,"hasQc":true,"allowDirectSubmit":false,"externalIdentity":"cels","sideBox":"Learn more about [Cellulose](https://www.springer.com/journal/10570)","snPcode":"10570","submissionUrl":"https://submission.nature.com/new-submission/10570/3","title":"Cellulose","twitterHandle":"","acdcEnabled":true,"dfaEnabled":true,"editorialSystem":"em","reportingPortfolio":"Springer Hybrid","inReviewEnabled":true,"inReviewRevisionsEnabled":false}}],"origin":"","ownerIdentity":"afafe824-7f66-4fd0-bf2f-8642acf32fd9","owner":[],"postedDate":"February 15th, 2021","published":true,"recentEditorialEvents":[],"rejectedJournal":[],"revision":"","amendment":"","status":"under-review","subjectAreas":[{"id":2416000,"name":"Polymer Science"},{"id":2416001,"name":"Chemical Engineering"}],"tags":[],"updatedAt":"2021-06-06T15:38:24+00:00","versionOfRecord":[],"versionCreatedAt":"2021-02-15 16:18:37","video":"","vorDoi":"","vorDoiUrl":"","workflowStages":[]},"version":"v1","identity":"rs-184372","journalConfig":"researchsquare"},"__N_SSP":true},"page":"/article/[identity]/[[...version]]","query":{"redirect":"/article/rs-184372","identity":"rs-184372","version":["v1"]},"buildId":"cBFmMYwuxLRRLfASyISRj","isFallback":false,"isExperimentalCompile":false,"dynamicIds":[84888],"gssp":true,"scriptLoader":[]}