A multi-level mixed-methods research design in studying localized experiences of asylum seekers: challenges and lessons learned

The purpose of this methodological paper is to share our experiences with setting up a multi-level mixed-methods design in studying localized experiences of asylum seekers in reception centres. Asylum seekers in reception centres in Belgium will provide the case study. Our perspective is based on a multilevel analysis approach combining micro-, meso-, and macro-level dimensions: the micro-level refers to asylum seekers’ life experiences; the meso-level refers to their social network and the support that can be derived from it; the macro-level to the political, economic and social structure of the locality in which they reside. We aim to underscore the value of employing a mixed-methods research approach, presenting insights alongside the challenges encountered and the lessons drawn from our fieldwork. This exploration extends through various stages of research, including sampling, data collection, and data analysis. By doing so, we provide fellow researchers with practical guidance on how to conduct a multi-level mixed-methods research design that can be adapted to a range of different fieldworks in migration studies.